scholarly journals In Vitro Evaluation of the Individual and Combined Cytotoxic and Estrogenic Effects of Zearalenone, Its Reduced Metabolites, Alternariol, and Genistein

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6281
Author(s):  
Adrienn Balázs ◽  
Zelma Faisal ◽  
Rita Csepregi ◽  
Tamás Kőszegi ◽  
Balázs Kriszt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation ◽  
Estrogenic Effects ◽  
Toxic Metabolites ◽  
Alternaria Toxins ◽  
The Individual

Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites of filamentous fungi. Previous studies demonstrated the co-occurrence of Fusarium and Alternaria toxins, including zearalenone (ZEN), ZEN metabolites, and alternariol (AOH). These xenoestrogenic mycotoxins appear in soy-based meals and dietary supplements, resulting in the co-exposure to ZEN and AOH with the phytoestrogen genistein (GEN). In this study, the cytotoxic and estrogenic effects of ZEN, reduced ZEN metabolites, AOH, and GEN are examined to evaluate their individual and combined impacts. Our results demonstrate that reduced ZEN metabolites, AOH, and GEN can aggravate ZEN-induced toxicity; in addition, the compounds tested exerted mostly synergism or additive combined effects regarding cytotoxicity and/or estrogenicity. Therefore, these observations underline the importance and the considerable risk of mycotoxin co-exposure and the combined effects of mycoestrogens with phytoestrogens.

scholarly journals Single and combined effects of cisplatin and doxorubicin on the human and mouse ovary in vitro

Reproduction ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 159 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Lopes ◽  
Jin Liu ◽  
Stephanie Morgan ◽  
Rebecca Matthews ◽  
Lucy Nevin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Exposure ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Human Ovary ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Stromal Tissue ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Multiplicative Effects ◽  
Human And Mouse

Chemotherapy drugs are administered to patients using combination regimens, and as such the possibility of multiplicative effects between drugs need to be investigated. This study examines the individual and combined effects of the chemotherapy drugs cisplatin and doxorubicin on the human ovary. Although cisplatin and doxorubicin are known to affect female fertility, there is limited information about their direct effects on the human ovary, and none examining the possibility of combined, multiplicative effects of co-exposure to these drugs. Here, human ovarian biopsies were obtained from 14 women at the time of caesarean section, with 38 mouse ovaries also obtained from neonatal C57Bl/6J mice. Tissue was cultured for 6 days prior to analyses, with chemotherapy drugs added to culture medium on the second day of culture only. Treatment groups of a single (5 μg/mL human; 0.5 μg/mL mouse) or double (10 μg/mL human; 1.0 μg/mL mouse) dose of cisplatin, a single (1 μg/mL human; 0.05 μg/mL mouse) or double (2 μg/mL human; 0.01 μg/mL mouse) dose of doxorubicin or a combination of a single dose of both drugs together were compared to controls without drug exposure. Exposure to cisplatin or doxorubicin significantly decreased follicle health in human and mouse, supporting the suitability of the mouse as a model for the human ovary. There was also a significant reduction of mouse follicle number. Human ovarian stromal tissue exhibited increased apoptosis and decreased cell proliferation. Crucially, there was no evidence indicating the occurrence of multiplicative effects between cisplatin and doxorubicin.

scholarly journals Individualized Dietary Supplements Enriched with Microbial Propionic Acid for Athletes and the Elderly with Benefits on Gut Microbiota

Proceedings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Monica Trif ◽  
Ann-Kristin Schwarze ◽  
Malte Bethke ◽  
Berta Alvarez Penedo ◽  
Alexandru Rusu
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Organic Salts ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
The Individual

Personalized dietary supplements adapted to the individual needs of athletes and the elderly enriched with microbial propionic acid were produced in form of a powder, ready to be mixed in drinks such as orange juices. Studies have shown that fresh and pasteurized orange juices have a positive influence on gut microbiota, and exhibit selective prebiotic activity, particularly in terms of gut microbiota, by increasing Lactobacillus spp., Enterococcus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., and Clostridium spp., and reducing Enterobacteria. Besides, studies been reported the effect of the combined use of probiotics and organic salts, such as propionic acid salts, on the in vitro inhibition of microorganisms. Additionally, the short chain fatty acid propionic acid influences the gut-mediated immune regulation of people, reduces lipogenesis, and inhibits serum cholesterol synthesis.

In vitro evaluation of the ovistatic and ovicidal effect of the cosmopolitan filamentous fungi isolated from soil on Ascaris suum eggs

2014 ◽  
Vol 199 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Blaszkowska ◽  
Piotr Kurnatowski ◽  
Anna Wojcik ◽  
Katarzyna Goralska ◽  
Katarzyna Szwabe
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Ascaris Suum ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation ◽  
Ovicidal Effect

scholarly journals Individual and Combined In Vitro Effects of Deoxynivalenol and Zearalenone on Boar Semen

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 495
Author(s):  
Panagiotis D. Tassis ◽  
Ioannis A. Tsakmakidis ◽  
Veronika Nagl ◽  
Nicole Reisinger ◽  
Eleni Tzika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Status ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Main Trial ◽  
Acridine Orange Staining ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
The Individual

Mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) can negatively affect pig health. However, little is known about their effects on boar semen. We assessed the individual and combined effects of DON and ZEN on boar semen in vitro. In a pretrial, we determined the minimum dose (MiD) of each mycotoxin that induces a significant alteration of sperm progressive motility, as investigated using computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA). In the main trial, the individual and combined effects of each mycotoxin’s MiD on sperm motility and kinetics (CASA analysis), morphology (SpermBlue staining), viability (calcein-propidium iodide staining), membrane functional status (hypoosmotic swelling test), and chromatin integrity (acridine orange staining) were analyzed. Pretrial results suggested a MiD of 50.6 μM and 62.8 μM for DON and ZEN, respectively. In the main trial, DON and ZEN administered at MiD significantly affected CASA parameters (e.g., increase of immotile spermatozoa, reduction of progressive motile spermatozoa), decreased sperm viability, and affected sperm morphology (head abnormalities) and membrane functional status. DON and ZEN showed less than additive effects on most parameters tested and a synergistic effect on viability and on two CASA parameters. In conclusion, DON and ZEN showed individual and combined toxic effects on boar semen in vitro.

In vitro evaluation of IL-18 effects in Crohn's disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A316-A317
Author(s):  
P MAERTEN ◽  
S COLPAERT ◽  
Z LIU ◽  
K GEBOES ◽  
J CEUPPENS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation

52: In Vitro Evaluation of Ureteral Stent Compression

2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4S) ◽  
pp. 18-18
Author(s):  
Kari Hendlin ◽  
Krishna Vedula ◽  
Christina Horn ◽  
Manoj Monga
Keyword(s):  
Ureteral Stent ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation
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