scholarly journals Apex Resection in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) as A Model of Heart Regeneration: A Video-Assisted Guide

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5865
Author(s):  
Ditte Gry Ellman ◽  
Ibrahim Mohamad Slaiman ◽  
Sabrina Bech Mathiesen ◽  
Kristian Skriver Andersen ◽  
Wolfgang Hofmeister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Ar Model ◽  
Heart Regeneration ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Multiphoton Imaging ◽  
Video Tutorials ◽  
Causes Of Deaths ◽  
Zebrafish Heart

Ischemic heart disease is one of the leading causes of deaths worldwide. A major hindrance to resolving this challenge lies in the mammalian hearts inability to regenerate after injury. In contrast, zebrafish retain a regenerative capacity of the heart throughout their lifetimes. Apex resection (AR) is a popular zebrafish model for studying heart regeneration, and entails resecting 10–20% of the heart in the apex region, whereafter the regeneration process is monitored until the heart is fully regenerated within 60 days. Despite this popularity, video tutorials describing this technique in detail are lacking. In this paper we visualize and describe the entire AR procedure including anaesthesia, surgery, and recovery. In addition, we show that the concentration and duration of anaesthesia are important parameters to consider, to balance sufficient levels of sedation and minimizing mortality. Moreover, we provide examples of how zebrafish heart regeneration can be assessed both in 2D (immunohistochemistry of heart sections) and 3D (analyses of whole, tissue cleared hearts using multiphoton imaging). In summary, this paper aims to aid beginners in establishing and conducting the AR model in their laboratory, but also to spur further interest in improving the model and its evaluation.

scholarly journals Toxicological Profile of Plasmonic Nanoparticles in Zebrafish Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6372
Author(s):  
Marta d’Amora ◽  
Vittoria Raffa ◽  
Francesco De Angelis ◽  
Francesco Tantussi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Plasmonic Nanoparticles ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Toxicological Profile ◽  
Materials Used

Plasmonic nanoparticles are increasingly employed in several fields, thanks to their unique, promising properties. In particular, these particles exhibit a surface plasmon resonance combined with outstanding absorption and scattering properties. They are also easy to synthesize and functionalize, making them ideal for nanotechnology applications. However, the physicochemical properties of these nanoparticles can make them potentially toxic, even if their bulk metallic forms are almost inert. In this review, we aim to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the potential adverse effects of plasmonic nanoparticles in zebrafish (Danio rerio) during both development and adulthood, focusing our attention on the most common materials used, i.e., gold and silver.

scholarly journals Inhibition of let-7c Regulates Cardiac Regeneration after Cryoinjury in Adult Zebrafish

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suneeta Narumanchi ◽  
Karri Kalervo ◽  
Sanni Perttunen ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Katariina Immonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Cardiac Regeneration ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Heart Regeneration ◽  
Adult Zebrafish ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Micro Rnas ◽  
Proliferating Cell ◽  
Zebrafish Heart

The let-7c family of micro-RNAs (miRNAs) is expressed during embryonic development and plays an important role in cell differentiation. We have investigated the role of let-7c in heart regeneration after injury in adult zebrafish. let-7c antagomir or scramble injections were given at one day after cryoinjury (1 dpi). Tissue samples were collected at 7 dpi, 14 dpi and 28 dpi and cardiac function was assessed before cryoinjury, 1 dpi, 7 dpi, 14 dpi and 28 dpi. Inhibition of let-7c increased the rate of fibrinolysis, increased the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) positive cardiomyocytes at 7 dpi and increased the expression of the epicardial marker raldh2 at 7 dpi. Additionally, cardiac function measured with echocardiography recovered slightly more rapidly after inhibition of let-7c. These results reveal a beneficial role of let-7c inhibition in adult zebrafish heart regeneration.

Changes in mortality by cause of death in Polish voivodships

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 30-53
Author(s):  
Wiktoria Wróblewska
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Decomposition Technique ◽  
Avoidable Mortality ◽  
Mortality Causes ◽  
Causes Of Deaths

This study analyses the avoidable mortality in Poland at the regional level of 16 voivodships over the last two decades, 1991–2010. The author divided the mortality causes into three groups: treatable disease, preventable diseases and ischemic heart disease. We used a decomposition technique to calculate the contribution of changes in mortality from these conditions to changes in life expectancy between birth and age 75 for the two periods 1991–2000 and 2000–2010 by sex and age group. The analyses were based on temporary life expectancy between birth and age 75 (e0–75). Chiang’s method was used for constructing abridged life tables, and Arriaga’s method was used for decomposition. The results revealed differences in the temporary life expectancy level and pace of change between voivodships, causes of deaths and sex.

Abstract 527: Role of IGFBP3 in Neonatal Heart Regeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 127 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shah R Ali ◽  
Waleed El-Helaly ◽  
Ivan Menendez-Montes ◽  
Ngoc Uyen Nhi Nguyen ◽  
Suwannee Thet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Secreted Protein ◽  
Heart Regeneration ◽  
Cardiomyocyte Proliferation ◽  
Newborn Mice ◽  
Adult Heart ◽  
Neonatal Heart

Background: The adult mammalian heart is unable to regenerate after an injury. However, newborn mice are able to fully regenerate the heart after myocardial infarction (MI). The neonatal MI model therefore is a potential blueprint for regenerating the adult heart that could offer novel therapies for patients suffering from heart disease. To investigate the mechanism by which neonatal heart regeneration occurs, we screened for secreted proteins that are upregulated after neonatal MI but not after adult MI. We hypothesized that such a protein could be a cardiomyocyte mitogen that underlies the cardiomyocyte proliferation that occurs after neonatal MI. Methods: We performed microarrays on neonatal and adult MI (and sham) heart tissue samples: we identified IGFBP3 (Insulin Growth Factor Binding Protein 3), which canonically transports IGF ligands in circulation, as a secreted protein that is uniquely upregulated after neonatal MI. We used in situ hybridization, reporter mice, and immunostaining to validate the findings from the microarray. Single cell RNA-seq data revealed that IGFBP3 is expressed in vascular cells. Results: We first tested whether IGFBP3 is necessary during neonatal heart regeneration: we performed neonatal (P1) MI in global Igfbp3 knockout mice and wild-type mice, and found that knockout mice have more fibrosis and worse ejection fraction (EF) one month after P1 MI. To determine if IGFBP3 is sufficient to promote cardiomyocyte proliferation, we injected recombinant IGFBP3 protein into the heart of one week-old mice (P7) and saw more cycling myocytes. We generated novel transgenic vascular-Igfbp3-overexpression mice, which exhibit less fibrosis as well as improved EF after P7 MI compared to controls. Conclusions: IGFBP3 is a secreted protein that is necessary for complete regeneration after a neonatal MI. Its ectopic expression can cause cardiomyocyte proliferation and can improve systolic function, and it prolongs the window of neonatal heart regeneration. Therefore, IGFBP3 may represent a cardiomyocyte mitogen with potential therapeutic value for adult heart disease.

Abstract 706: Changes in Translational Efficacy During Zebrafish Heart Regeneration

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A Goldman ◽  
Ariel Bazzini ◽  
Antonio Giraldez ◽  
Kenneth Poss
Keyword(s):  
Heart Regeneration ◽  
Zebrafish Heart

scholarly journals Melanogenic Inhibition and Toxicity Assessment of Flavokawain A and B on B16/F10 Melanoma Cells and Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 3403
Author(s):  
Nurshafika Mohd Sakeh ◽  
Nurliyana Najwa Md Razip ◽  
Farah Idayu Mohd Ma’in ◽  
Mohammad Nazri Abdul Bahari ◽  
Naimah Latif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Tyrosinase Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Melanin Content ◽  
Melanin Production ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Vertebrate Model ◽  
Toxicity Effects

Excessive production of melanin implicates hyperpigmentation disorders. Flavokawain A (FLA) and flavokawain B (FLB) have been reported with anti-melanogenic activity, but their melanogenic inhibition and toxicity effects on the vertebrate model of zebrafish are still unknown. In the present study, cytotoxic as well as melanogenic effects of FLA and FLB on cellular melanin content and tyrosinase activity were evaluated in α-MSH-induced B16/F10 cells. Master regulator of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (Mitf) and the other downstream melanogenic-related genes were verified via quantitative real time PCR (qPCR). Toxicity assessment and melanogenesis inhibition on zebrafish model was further observed. FLA and FLB significantly reduced the specific cellular melanin content by 4.3-fold and 9.6-fold decrement, respectively in α-MSH-induced B16/F10 cells. Concomitantly, FLA significantly reduced the specific cellular tyrosinase activity by 7-fold whilst FLB by 9-fold. The decrement of melanin production and tyrosinase activity were correlated with the mRNA suppression of Mitf which in turn down-regulate Tyr, Trp-1 and Trp-2. FLA and FLB exhibited non-toxic effects on the zebrafish model at 25 and 6.25 µM, respectively. Further experiments on the zebrafish model demonstrated successful phenotype-based depigmenting activity of FLA and FLB under induced melanogenesis. To sum up, our findings provide an important first key step for both of the chalcone derivatives to be further studied and developed as potent depigmenting agents.

scholarly journals In vivo cardiac reprogramming contributes to zebrafish heart regeneration

Nature ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 498 (7455) ◽  
pp. 497-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruilin Zhang ◽  
Peidong Han ◽  
Hongbo Yang ◽  
Kunfu Ouyang ◽  
Derek Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Regeneration ◽  
Zebrafish Heart

scholarly journals No Correlation between Endo- and Exoskeletal Regenerative Capacities in Teleost Species

Fishes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pápai ◽  
Kagan ◽  
Csikós ◽  
Kosztelnik ◽  
Vellai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Regenerative Processes ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Teleost Species ◽  
Pectoral Fins ◽  
The Past ◽  
Regenerative Phenomenon

The regeneration of paired appendages in certain fish and amphibian lineages is a well established and extensively studied regenerative phenomenon. The teleost fin is comprised of a proximal endoskeletal part (considered homologous to the Tetrapod limb) and a distal exoskeletal one, and these two parts form their bony elements through different ossification processes. In the past decade, a significant body of literature has been generated about the biology of exoskeletal regeneration in zebrafish. However, it is still not clear if this knowledge can be applied to the regeneration of endoskeletal parts. To address this question, we decided to compare endo- and exoskeletal regenerative capacity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and mudskippers (Periophthalmus barbarous). In contrast to the reduced endoskeleton of zebrafish, Periophthalmus has well developed pectoral fins with a large and easily accessible endoskeleton. We performed exo- and endoskeletal amputations in both species and followed the regenerative processes. Unlike the almost flawless exoskeletal regeneration observed in zebrafish, regeneration following endoskeletal amputation is often impaired in this species. This difference is even more pronounced in Periophthalmus where we could observe no regeneration in endoskeletal structures. Therefore, regeneration is regulated differentially in the exo- and endoskeleton of teleost species.

Cardiomyocyte proliferation in cardiac development and regeneration: a guide to methodologies and interpretations

2015 ◽  
Vol 309 (8) ◽  
pp. H1237-H1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Leone ◽  
Ajit Magadum ◽  
Felix B. Engel
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cardiac Development ◽  
Cardiac Regeneration ◽  
Experimental Medicine ◽  
Heart Regeneration ◽  
Cardiomyocyte Proliferation ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Ability To Regenerate ◽  
Zebrafish Heart

The newt and the zebrafish have the ability to regenerate many of their tissues and organs including the heart. Thus, a major goal in experimental medicine is to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the regenerative capacity of these species. A wide variety of experiments have demonstrated that naturally occurring heart regeneration relies on cardiomyocyte proliferation. Thus, major efforts have been invested to induce proliferation of mammalian cardiomyocytes in order to improve cardiac function after injury or to protect the heart from further functional deterioration. In this review, we describe and analyze methods currently used to evaluate cardiomyocyte proliferation. In addition, we summarize the literature on naturally occurring heart regeneration. Our analysis highlights that newt and zebrafish heart regeneration relies on factors that are also utilized in cardiomyocyte proliferation during mammalian fetal development. Most of these factors have, however, failed to induce adult mammalian cardiomyocyte proliferation. Finally, our analysis of mammalian neonatal heart regeneration indicates experiments that could resolve conflicting results in the literature, such as binucleation assays and clonal analysis. Collectively, cardiac regeneration based on cardiomyocyte proliferation is a promising approach for improving adult human cardiac function after injury, but it is important to elucidate the mechanisms arresting mammalian cardiomyocyte proliferation after birth and to utilize better assays to determine formation of new muscle mass.

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