scholarly journals The Contribution of Small Vessel Disease to Neurodegeneration: Focus on Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease and Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4958
Author(s):  
Federico Paolini Paoletti ◽  
Simone Simoni ◽  
Lucilla Parnetti ◽  
Lorenzo Gaetani
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Immune System Activation ◽  
The Impact

Brain small vessel disease (SVD) refers to a variety of structural and functional changes affecting small arteries and micro vessels, and manifesting as white matter changes, microbleeds and lacunar infarcts. Growing evidence indicates that SVD might play a significant role in the neurobiology of central nervous system (CNS) neurodegenerative disorders, namely Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), and neuroinflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). These disorders share different pathophysiological pathways and molecular mechanisms (i.e., protein misfolding, derangement of cellular clearance systems, mitochondrial impairment and immune system activation) having neurodegeneration as biological outcome. In these diseases, the actual contribution of SVD to the clinical picture, and its impact on response to pharmacological treatments, is not known yet. Due to the high frequency of SVD in adult-aged patients, it is important to address this issue. In this review, we report preclinical and clinical data on the impact of SVD in AD, PD and MS, with the main aim of clarifying the predictability of SVD on clinical manifestations and treatment response.

[P2-219]: INFLAMMATION MEDIATES THE IMPACT OF SMALL-VESSEL DISEASE ON COGNITION IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: EVIDENCE FROM A MULTIMODAL STRATIFIED COHORT STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (7S_Part_14) ◽  
pp. P693-P694
Author(s):  
Di Yu ◽  
Joel Ramirez ◽  
Hugo Cogo-Moreira ◽  
Gustavo Scola ◽  
Pak Cheung Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
The Impact

Caracole as a Potential Neuroprotective Agent for Neurological Diseases: A Systematic

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zamanian ◽  
Małgorzata Kujawska ◽  
Marjan Nikbakht Zadeh ◽  
Amin Hassanshahi ◽  
Soudeh Ramezanpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Neuroprotective Agent ◽  
The Impact

Background & objective: Neurological diseases are becoming a significant problem worldwide, with the elderly at a higher risk of being affected. Several researchers have investigated the neuroprotective effects of Carvacrol (CAR) (5-isopropyl-2-methyl phenol). This review systematically surveys the existing literature on the impact of CAR when used as a neuroprotective agent in neurological diseases. Methods: The systematic review involved English articles published in the last ten years obtained from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. The following descriptors were used to search the literature: “Carvacrol” [Title] AND “neuroprotective (neuroprotection)” [Title] OR “stroke, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, seizure, epilepsy [Title]. Results: : A total of 208 articles were retrieved during the search process, but only 20 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included for review. A total of 20 articles were identified, in which the efficacy of CAR was described in experimental models of stroke, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, , epilepsy, and seizure, through motor deficits improvements in neurochemical activity, especially antioxidant systems, reducing inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis as well as inhibition of TRPC1 and TRPM7. Conclusion : The data presented in this study support the beneficial impact of CAR on behavioural and neurochemical deficits. CAR benefits accrue because of its anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, CAR has emerged as an alternative treatment for neurological disorders based on its properties.

Different cognitive profiles between mild cognitive impairment due to cerebral small vessel disease and mild cognitive impairment of Alzheimer’s disease origin

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 898-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
AIHONG ZHOU ◽  
JIANPING JIA
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Vessel Disease

AbstractControversy surrounds the differences of the cognitive profile between mild cognitive impairment resulting from cerebral small vessel disease (MCI-SVD) and mild cognitive impairment associated with prodromal Alzheimer’s disease (MCI-AD). The aim of this study was to explore and compare the cognitive features of MCI-SVD and MCI-AD. MCI-SVD patients (n = 56), MCI-AD patients (n = 30), and normal control subjects (n = 80) were comprehensively evaluated with neuropsychological tests covering five cognitive domains. The performance was compared between groups. Tests that discriminated between MCI-SVD and MCI-AD were identified. Multiple cognitive domains were impaired in MCI-SVD group, while memory and executive function were mainly impaired in MCI-AD group. Compared with MCI-SVD, MCI-AD patients performed relatively worse on memory tasks, but better on processing speed measures. The AVLT Long Delay Free Recall, Digit Symbol Test, and Stroop Test Part A (performance time) in combination categorized 91.1% of MCI-SVD patients and 86.7% of MCI-AD patients correctly. Current study suggested a nonspecific neuropsychological profile for MCI-SVD and a more specific cognitive pattern in MCI-AD. MCI-AD patients demonstrated greater memory impairment with relatively preserved mental processing speed compared with MCI-SVD patients. Tests tapping these two domains might be potentially useful for differentiating MCI-SVD and MCI-AD patients. (JINS, 2009, 15, 898–905.)

Small Vessel Disease, but Neither Amyloid Load nor Metabolic Deficit, Is Dependent on Age at Onset in Alzheimer’s Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 704-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Ortner ◽  
Alexander Kurz ◽  
Panagiotis Alexopoulos ◽  
Florian Auer ◽  
Janine Diehl-Schmid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Amyloid Load

scholarly journals The Impact of Amyloid-Beta Positivity with 18F-Florbetaben PET on Neuropsychological Aspects in Parkinson’s Disease Dementia

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Seunghee Na ◽  
Hyeonseok Jeong ◽  
Jong-Sik Park ◽  
Yong-An Chung ◽  
In-Uk Song
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Amyloid Beta ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Amyloid Pet ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease Dementia ◽  
The Impact

The neuropathology of Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) is heterogenous, and the impacts of each pathophysiology and their synergistic effects are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and impacts of co-existence with Alzheimer’s disease in patients with PDD by using 18F-florbetaben PET imaging. A total of 23 patients with PDD participated in the study. All participants underwent 18F-florbetaben PET and completed a standardized neuropsychological battery and assessment of motor symptoms. The results of cognitive tests, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and motor symptoms were analyzed between the positive and negative 18F-florbetaben PET groups. Four patients (17.4%) showed significant amyloid burden. Patients with amyloid-beta showed poorer performance in executive function and more severe neuropsychiatric symptoms than those without amyloid-beta. Motor symptoms assessed by UPDRS part III and the modified H&Y Scale were not different between the two groups. The amyloid PET scan of a patient with PDD can effectively reflect a co-existing Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Amyloid PET scans might be able to help physicians of PDD patients showing rapid progression or severe cognitive/behavioral features.

scholarly journals Brain Aging and Gut–Brain Axis

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 424 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mohajeri
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
And Function

In the last decade, the microbiome in general and the gut microbiome in particular have been associated not only to brain development and function, but also to the pathophysiology of brain aging and to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), depression, or multiple sclerosis (MS) [...]

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