scholarly journals Lactobacillus plantarum ATG-K2 and ATG-K6 Ameliorates High-Fat with High-Fructose Induced Intestinal Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4444
Author(s):  
Miey Park ◽  
Eun-Jung Park ◽  
So-Hyeun Kim ◽  
Hae-Jeung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
High Fructose

Obesity has become a worldwide health problem, and many significant inflammatory markers have been associated with the risk of side effects of obesity and obesity-related diseases. After a normal diet or high-fat diet with high-fructose water (HFHF) for 8 weeks, male Wistar rats were divided randomly into four experimental groups according to body weight. Next, for 8 weeks, a normal diet, HFHF diet, and HFHF diet with L. plantarum strains ATG-K2 or ATG-K6 were administered orally. Compared to the control group, the HFHF diet group showed significantly increased visceral fat, epididymal fat, and liver weight. The mRNA and protein expression levels of FAS and SREBP-1c were higher in the HFHF diet group than in the HFHF diet with L. plantarum strains ATG-K2 and ATG-K6. The HFHF diet with L. plantarum strain ATG-K2 showed significantly decreased inflammatory cytokine expression in the serum and small intestine compared to the HFHF diet group. Furthermore, histological morphology showed minor cell injury, less severe infiltration, and longer villi height in the small intestine ileum of the HFHF diet with L. plantarum strains groups than in the HFHF diet group. These results suggest that L. plantarum strains K2 and K6 may help reduce intestinal inflammation and could be used as treatment alternatives for intestinal inflammatory reactions and obesity.

scholarly journals Regulating AMPKα and insulin level by Vinegar, Swimming and Refeeding on High-Fat Diet Rats to Rebuild Lipid Homeostasis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Yang ◽  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Xiao Xiao ◽  
Chunlian Ma ◽  
Hua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Better Regulation ◽  
Rice Vinegar

AbstractOur aims were to explore the effects of dietary and behavior interventions on lipometabolism caused by unhealthy high-fat diet and the best method to rebuild lipid homeostasis of this lifestyle. Apart from normal diet rats, 34 rats were fed with high-fat emulsion for 4 weeks before being divided into 4 groups and intervened for another 4 weeks. 8 of them were classified into high-fat control group and 9 were sorted into high-fat diet with rice vinegar group. Meanwhile, 10 were put into high-fat diet with swimming group and 7 were just for refeeding normal diet group. Then the data of body weight was recorded and analyzed. Serum, pancreas, liver, cardiac tissues and epididymis adipose were sampled as required. Indexes of serum were tested by kits. AMPKα, HNF1α, CTRP6 from tissues were detected by western blot. According to our experiments, Swimming and refeeding groups reflected a better regulation on lipid homeostasis mainly by up-regulating the expression of pancreas AMPKα. To be more specific, the refeeding rats showed lower T-CHO (P<0.001) and LDL-C (P<0.05), but higher weight gain (P<0.001),insulin level (P<0.01)and pancreas AMPKα (P<0.01)than high-fat control rats. Compared with rats experimented by swimming or rice vinegar, they showed higher weight gain (P<0.001),insulin level (P<0.01)and HNF1α, but lower of CTRP6. In summary, refeeding diet functioned better in regulating the lipometabolic level after high-fat diet. Whatever approach mentioned above we adopted to intervene, the best policy to keep the balance of lipid homeostasis is to maintain a healthy diet.

scholarly journals Intestinal Microbiota Mediates High-Fructose and High-Fat Diets to Induce Chronic Intestinal Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Tan ◽  
Huiwei Dong ◽  
Zhengshan Chen ◽  
Min Jin ◽  
Jing Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
Chronic Intestinal Inflammation

An unhealthy diet has been linked to increased incidence of chronic diseases. To investigate the relationship between diet and intestinal inflammation, mice in two experimental groups were fed on a high-fat diet or high-fructose diet, respectively. The result showed that the defecation volume of the experimental groups was significantly reduced compared with that of the control group, and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6) and IgG in serum were increased significantly. In addition, inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in intestinal tissue, indicating that a high-fructose or high-fat diet can lead to constipation and inflammation. Further analysis showed that the microbial composition of the experimental groups changed significantly, including a decrease of the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio and increased levels of Bacteroides, Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, and Ruminococcus, which might be associated with inflammation. The results of pro-inflammatory metabolites analysis showed that the levels of arachidonic acid, stearic acid, and indoxylsulfuric acid were significantly increased in the experimental groups, which were related significantly to Bacteroides, Enterococcus, and Akkermansia. Meanwhile, the content of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was significantly decreased, which might cause constipation by reducing intestinal peristalsis. Moreover, transplantation of fecal bacteria from inflammatory mice caused constipation and inflammation in normal mice, which could be relieved by feeding a normal diet. The results of the present study indicated that changes in intestinal microbiota and microbial metabolites may underlie chronic intestinal inflammation and constipation caused by high-fructose and high-fat diets.

scholarly journals PO-042 Effect of 8 weeks aerobic combined with resistance exercise on hepatic glycolipid metabolism induced by high fat diet in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Glycolipid Metabolism ◽  
Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism

Objective C57 mice were fed with high-fat diet. After the pathological features were detected, a group of C57 high-fat diet mice were randomly selected for eight weeks aerobic and anti-resistance exercise. To observe the effect of exercise on liver glucose and lipid metabolism in mice fed with high fat. To explore the effect of exercise on liver glucose and lipid metabolism disorder caused by high fat feeding, to provide the direction and evidence for the treatment and rehabilitation of fatty liver and other diseases caused by high fat diet. C57 mice were fed with high-fat diet. After the pathological features were detected, a group of C57 high-fat diet mice were randomly selected for eight weeks aerobic and anti-resistance exercise. To observe the effect of exercise on liver glucose and lipid metabolism in mice fed with high fat. To explore the effect of exercise on liver glucose and lipid metabolism disorder caused by high fat feeding, to provide the direction and evidence for the treatment and rehabilitation of fatty liver and other diseases caused by high fat diet. Methods 30 male C57 mice were 8 weeks old, with an average weight of 20.02 ±0.06 g. The purchased mice were randomly divided into C57 diet group (n = 10) and high-fat diet group (n = 20). A pathological model of hepatic glycolipid metabolism disorder was established by high-fat feed feeding. The success of the model was measured by calculating the area under the blood glucose curve. After modeling, the C57 mice were randomly divided into high fat group and high fat exercise group, with 10 mice in each group. The mice in high fat exercise group were trained 6 days a week for 8 weeks. At the end of the exercise, the three groups were uniformly selected. Results 1. Compared with the normal diet quiet group, there was a significant difference in the area under the blood glucose curve in the high-fat diet quiet group (p < 0. 01). Compared with the quiet high-fat diet group, there was a significant difference in the area under the blood glucose curve after intraperitoneal injection of glucose in the high-fat diet exercise group (p < 0. 05). After two weeks of high fat diet feeding, the body weight of the quiet group was significantly higher than that of the quiet group fed with normal diet (p < 0.05). After two weeks exercise training of high-fat mice, the body weight of high-fat exercise group was significantly lower than that of quiet high-fat mice (p < 0.05). Compared with the normal diet group, the liver weight and liver weight of the high-fat quiet group increased (p < 0 01), while the liver weight and liver / body weight of the high-fat exercise group were lower than those of the high-fat quiet group (p < 0 05). The liver AST (aspartate amino transferase) and ALT(Alanine transferase) in the High-fat diet quiet group were significantly higher than those in the normal diet quiet group (p < 0. 01). The ALT (alanine transferase) in high-fat diet exercise group was lower than that in quiet high-fat diet group (p < 0.05). Conclusions 16-week high-fat diet can establish a pathological model of hepatic glycolipid metabolism disorder. Hyper-insulinemia, hyper-lipidemia and other pathological phenomena will occur in mice. 8 weeks aerobic combined with anti-exercise intervention can improve hepatic glycolipid metabolism disorder and liver function.

scholarly journals Regulation of Autophagy-Related Protein and Cell Differentiation by High Mobility Group Box 1 Protein in Adipocytes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanhuan Feng ◽  
Lili Yu ◽  
Guojun Zhang ◽  
Guoyan Liu ◽  
Can Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
High Mobility Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hmgb1 Protein ◽  
Adipose Tissues

High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a molecule related to the development of inflammation. Autophagy is vital to maintain cellular homeostasis and protect against inflammation of adipocyte injury. Our recent work focused on the relationship of HMGB1 and autophagy in 3T3-L1 cells. In vivo experimental results showed that, compared with the normal-diet group, the high-fat diet mice displayed an increase in adipocyte size in the epididymal adipose tissues. The expression levels of HMGB1 and LC3II also increased in epididymal adipose tissues in high-fat diet group compared to the normal-diet mice. The in vitro results indicated that HMGB1 protein treatment increased LC3II formation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in contrast to that in the control group. Furthermore, LC3II formation was inhibited through HMGB1 knockdown by siRNA. Treatment with the HMGB1 protein enhanced LC3II expression after 2 and 4 days but decreased the expression after 8 and 10 days among various differentiation stages of adipocytes. By contrast, FABP4 expression decreased on the fourth day and increased on the eighth day. Hence, the HMGB1 protein modulated autophagy-related proteins and lipid-metabolism-related genes in adipocytes and could be a new target for treatment of obesity and related metabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Role of resveratrol and chrysin on inflammation and liver function in obese mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pipit Pitriani ◽  
◽  
Wang-Lok Lee ◽  
Hee-Geun Park ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Impaired Liver Function

The incidence of obesity has been spreading throughout the world. Many of the complications caused by obesity, such as inflammation and impaired liver function. This study aimed to determine the effect of supplementation resveratrol and chrysin on inflammation and liver function of obese mice fed a high-fat diet. 40 mice (C57BL/6) were randomly divided into four groups: 10 in the normal diet (NC), 10 control group on a high-fat diet (HC), 10 in the high-fat diet with resveratrol (HRE), and 10 in the high-fat diet group with chrysin (HCH). Resveratrol 25 mg and 50mg of chrysin supplement per kg body weight were orally given with 0.1ml solution of Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) dissolved in for 15 weeks (4 times/week). The calorie intake of the group supplemented by resveratrol and chrysin significantly decreased. Group with high-fat diet, resveratrol, and chrysin increased body weight significantly compared to the normal diet group. The liver weight decreased in the resveratrol but not in the chrysin group. TNFα did not decrease in the resveratrol and chrysin group while IL1β significantly decreased. TLR 4 significantly decreased only in the chrysin group, while IL10 only increased in the resveratrol group. The collagen was decreased by resveratrol and chrysin supplementation while fibronectin was not affected by resveratrol or chrysin. The inflammatory process in the liver of obese mice fed a high-fat diet can be reduced by supplementing resveratrol and chrysin.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Polyphenol Enriched Complex Plants Extract on Metabolic Dysfunctions Associated with Obesity and Related Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases in High Fat Diet-Induced C57BL/6 Mice

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
Ahtesham Hussain ◽  
Jin Sook Cho ◽  
Jong-Seok Kim ◽  
Young Ik Lee
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Herbal Formulation ◽  
Plants Extract

Background: Currently, obesity is a global health challenge due to its increasing prevalence and associated health risk. It is associated with various metabolic diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, certain forms of cancer, and non-alcoholic liver diseases (NAFLD). Objective: The aim of this study to evaluate the effects of polyphenol enriched herbal complex (Rubus crataegifolius/ellagic acid, Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge/vitexin, chlorogenic acid, Cinnamomum cassiaa/cinnamic acid) on obesity and obesity induced NAFLD in the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model. Methods: Obesity was induced in male C57BL/6 mice using HFD. After 8 weeks, the mice were treated with HFD+ plants extract for 8 weeks. Body weight, food intake weekly, and blood sugar level were measured. After sacrifice, changes in the treated group’s liver weight, fat weight, serum biochemical parameters, hormone levels, and enzyme levels were measured. For histological analysis, tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Oil Red-O. Results: Our results showed that the herbal complex ameliorated body weight and liver weight gain, and decreased total body fat in HFD-fed animals. Post prandial blood glucose (PBG) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were lower in the herbal complex-treated group than in the HFD control group. Additionally, herbal formulation treatment significantly increased HDL levels in serum and decreased TC, TG, AST, ALT, deposition of fat droplets in the liver, and intima media thickness (IMT) in the aorta. Herbal complex increased serum adiponectin and decreased serum leptin. Herbal complex also increased carnitine palmityl transferase (CPT) activity and significantly decreased enzyme activity of beta-hydroxy beta methyl glutamyl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, and fatty acid synthase (FAS). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated that the herbal complex is an effective herbal formulation in the attenuation of obesity and obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction including NAFLD in HFD-induced mouse model.

Particular Matter of Motor Vehicle Exposure and High-Fat Diet Effects on Kidney Histopathology, Creatinine, and Malondialdehyde (MDA) Levels in Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Rizka Veni ◽  
Awal Prasetyo ◽  
Muflihatul Muniroh
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Histopathological Change ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aims to analyze the effect of combination of motor vehicle particular matter exposure and high-fat diet in kidney histopathology, creatinine levels, and MDA levels in Wistar rats. This study used a posttest-only control group design. Eighteen healthy male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. The intervention groups received motor vehicle fume exposure for 100 s with normal diet (X1) or high-fat diet (X2), and the control group received no exposure (C). Data analysis was processed with a SPSS 25.0 computer program by using the one-way ANOVA test followed by post hoc LSD. The degree of kidney histopathological damage showed significant differences between the X1 and X2 groups when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The results of the creatinine level examination found a significant difference between the X2 and C groups (p < 0.05) and the treatment groups X1 and X2 (p < 0.05). The results of kidney MDA level examination showed a significant difference between the treatment groups (X1 and X2) and the control group (p < 0.05). The combination of particular matter of motor vehicle fumes exposure and high-fat diet could induce kidney damage through histopathological change and increased creatinine levels and kidney MDA levels in Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Effect of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) on blood uric acid, hemoglobin and kidney histo-texture of mice treated with acetaminophen

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.` Zeenat ◽  
S. Sharmin ◽  
M. T. Islam ◽  
K. M. Sujan ◽  
M. I. Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Uric Acid Level ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Control Group

Background: Acetaminophen is a medication used to treat pain and fever. It is typically used for mild to moderate pain relief. Spirulina is a biomass of cyanobacteria that cultivated worldwide and used as a dietary supplement or whole food. It is also used as a feed supplement in the aquaculture, aquarium, and poultry industries. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of Spirulina on blood and kidney in mice. Methods: Twenty Swiss Albino mice (Mus musculus) were randomly divided into 4 equal groups’ viz., A, B, C, and D. Group A was kept as control and fed only normal diet. Group B was supplemented with acetaminophen where as group C was supplemented with acetaminophen and Spirulina, and group D was treated with Spirulina. Results: The application of acetaminophen did not have significant effect on hemoglobin and uric acid content. But the addition of Spirulina to the diet increased significantly (P<0.05) hemoglobin and uric acid level. Histopathological examination revealed that no significant changes were found in the kidney of all of treated groups in comparison with the mice of control group. Conclusions: The research work suggests that long-term ingestion of acetaminophen does not exert a significant change in hemoglobin or uric acid level but spirulina supplemented diet may be associated with the rise in hemoglobin and uric acid level without affecting renal tissue texture in a significant manner.

scholarly journals PO-043 The Effects of One-Time High Intensity Intermittent Training on Expression of LC3 Gene in Rats’ White Adipose Tissue

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qishu Zhou ◽  
Chunyu Liang ◽  
Yafei Li ◽  
Yi Yan
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Fat

Objective  To investigate the effect of one-time high-intensity intermittent exercise in white fat autophagy in obese rats and provide a theoretical basis of the molecular mechanism of exercise fat loss. Methods  Eighteen male 3-weeks-old rats were selected and divided into control group fed with normal diet (C), high-fat diet group fed with high fat diet (H). After 16 weeks, there were twelve obesity rats that divided into diet group (HS) and exercise group (HE). The other six control group rats of 19 weeks age were used as the standard (CS group). OE group did the high intensity intermittent exercise once. The CS group and the CS group were kept quietly. Three groups were taken subcutaneous white adipose tissue(S) and epididymal white adipose tissue (E) immediately after exercise. Mensurate the expression of LC3 gene in the tissue using the fluorescent quantitative PCR. Results 1. The expression of LC3 mRNA from white fat tissue was different to the tissues, which the expression of epididymal white adipose tissue of each group was higher than that in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (P <0.01). 2. Compared with CS group, the expression of epididymal white fat adipose tissue LC3 mRNA decreased (P<0.01) and the expression of the subcutaneous white adipose tissue increased from HS group (P <0.05). 3. Compared with OS group, the expression of epididymal white fat adipose tissue LC3 mRNA decreased (P<0.05) and the expression of subcutaneous white adipose tissue decreased from OS group. Conclusions The expression of LC3mRNA in epididymal white fat adipose tissue of rats was significantly higher than that of subcutaneous white fat. The changes of LC3mRNA expression of adipose tissue caused by high-fat diet have tissue differences. One-time high-intensity intermittent exercise can reduce the expression of LC3mRNA in fat tissue of obese rats. Its regulatory mechanism needs to be further studied.

Abstract 657: A New Translational Model of Hypercholesterolemia and Atherosclerosis: Effect of Statins on LDLR KO Miniature Swine

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale E Mais ◽  
Thomas Vihtelic ◽  
Chidozie Amuzie ◽  
Steven Denham ◽  
John R Swart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Large Animal Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Miniature Swine

Small animal models of atherosclerosis are commonly used in drug studies; however, the results often fail to translate into the clinic. A large animal model that more accurately reflects the human disease is needed. We recently developed a transgenic Yucatan pig model in which the LDL receptor (LDLR) gene is knocked out. Five groups of Yucatan pigs (N=4 per group), either wild type (LDLR+/+) or heterozygote (LDLR+/-) were fed a normal diet or a high fat diet for a six month period. One of the heterozygote/high fat diet groups in addition received a daily dose of a statin (atorvastatin) at 3 mg/kg. Every two weeks during the study a variety of clinical chemistry parameters were measured. At study termination, select arteries were collected, stained for lipid deposits and quantitated. In addition, sections of these arteries were prepared for immunohistochemistry to detect selected markers of macrophage infiltration into the atherosclerotic plaques. As expected, pigs fed a high fat diet gained significantly more weight at six months whether they were wild type or LDLR+/-. Atorvastatin appeared to attenuate this weight gain. There were significant increases in total cholesterol, HDL and LDL in pigs fed the high fat diet compared to their corresponding control group. The group receiving the atorvastatin had reduced values of these parameters compared to controls showing that a statin had a beneficial effect on lipid levels even in a high fat diet scenario. VLDL levels were not affected but there were triglyceride changes across the groups. Liver function was unchanged based on total bilirubin and AST while ALT measurements were altered in some of the groups. Immunohistochemistry and histomorphometry was performed on some arteries. Atorvastatin-induced amelioration of hypercholesterolemia in this model underscores its translational utility.

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