scholarly journals Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles from Preconditioned Human Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2873
Author(s):  
Alec Geßner ◽  
Benjamin Koch ◽  
Kevin Klann ◽  
Dominik C. Fuhrmann ◽  
Samira Farmand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
Organ Regeneration ◽  
Stromal Stem Cells

Cell-free therapy using extracellular vesicles (EVs) from adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (ASCs) seems to be a safe and effective therapeutic option to support tissue and organ regeneration. The application of EVs requires particles with a maximum regenerative capability and hypoxic culture conditions as an in vitro preconditioning regimen has been shown to alter the molecular composition of released EVs. Nevertheless, the EV cargo after hypoxic preconditioning has not yet been comprehensively examined. The aim of the present study was the characterization of EVs from hypoxic preconditioned ASCs. We investigated the EV proteome and their effects on renal tubular epithelial cells in vitro. While no effect of hypoxia was observed on the number of released EVs and their protein content, the cargo of the proteins was altered. Proteomic analysis showed 41 increased or decreased proteins, 11 in a statistically significant manner. Furthermore, the uptake of EVs in epithelial cells and a positive effect on oxidative stress in vitro were observed. In conclusion, culture of ASCs under hypoxic conditions was demonstrated to be a promising in vitro preconditioning regimen, which alters the protein cargo and increases the anti-oxidative potential of EVs. These properties may provide new potential therapeutic options for regenerative medicine.

scholarly journals Isolation, Characterization, Differentiation and Immunomodulatory Capacity of Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells from Human Perirenal Adipose Tissue

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baer ◽  
Koch ◽  
Hickmann ◽  
Schubert ◽  
Cinatl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Perivascular Niche ◽  
Perirenal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Multipotent Cells ◽  
Stromal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are immature multipotent cells, which represent a rare population in the perivascular niche within nearly all tissues. The most abundant source to isolate MSCs is adipose tissue. Currently, perirenal adipose tissue is rarely described as the source of MSCs. MSCs were isolated from perirenal adipose tissue (prASCs) from patients undergoing tumor nephrectomies, cultured and characterized by flow cytometry and their differentiation potential into adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteoblasts and epithelial cells. Furthermore, prASCs were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lipoteichoic acid (LTA) or a mixture of cytokines (cytomix). In addition, prASC susceptibility to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) was investigated. The expression of inflammatory readouts was estimated by qPCR and immunoassay. HCMV infection was analyzed by qPCR and immunostaining. Characterization of cultured prASCs shows the cells meet the criteria of MSCs and prASCs can undergo trilineage differentiation. Cultured prASCs can be induced to differentiate into epithelial cells, shown by cytokeratin 18 expression. Stimulation of prASCs with LPS or cytomix suggests the cells are capable of initiating an inflammation-like response upon stimulation with LPS or cytokines, whereas, LTA did not induce a significant effect on the readouts (ICAM-1, IL-6, TNFα, MCP-1 mRNA and IL-6 protein). HCMV broadly infects prASCs, showing a viral load dependent cytopathological effect (CPE). Our current study summarizes the isolation and culture of prASCs, clearly characterizes the cells, and demonstrates their immunomodulatory potential and high permissiveness for HCMV.

In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of Pigment Epithelial Cells Differentiated from Primate Embryonic Stem Cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatoshi Haruta ◽  
Yoshiki Sasai ◽  
Hiroshi Kawasaki ◽  
Kaori Amemiya ◽  
Sotaro Ooto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
In Vivo Characterization ◽  
Pigment Epithelial Cells

scholarly journals Insights into the Secretome of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Its Potential Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 4597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Eleuteri ◽  
Alessandra Fierabracci
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Potential Applications

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have regenerative, immunoregulatory properties and can be easily isolated and expanded in vitro. Despite being a powerful tool for clinical applications, they present limitations in terms of delivery, safety, and variability of therapeutic response. Interestingly, the MSC secretome composed by cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, proteins, and extracellular vesicles, could represent a valid alternative to their use. It is noteworthy that MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have the same effect and could be advantageous compared to the parental cells because of their specific miRNAs load. MiRNAs could be useful both in diagnostic procedures such as “liquid biopsy” to identify early pathologies and in the therapeutic field. Not only are MSC-EVs’ preservation, transfer, and production easier, but their administration is also safer, hence some clinical trials are ongoing. However, much effort is required to improve the characterization of EVs to avoid artifacts and guarantee reproducibility of the studies.

scholarly journals Evolution of ASC Immunophenotypical Subsets During Expansion In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuyue Peng ◽  
Hiva Alipour ◽  
Simone Porsborg ◽  
Trine Fink ◽  
Vladimir Zachar
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Full Characterization ◽  
Surface Molecules ◽  
Surface Marker Expression ◽  
Stromal Stem Cells

Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) are currently being considered for clinical use for a number of indications. In order to develop standardized clinical protocols, it is paramount to have a full characterization of the stem cell preparations. The surface marker expression of ASCs has previously been characterized in multiple studies. However, most of these studies have provided a cross-sectional description of ASCs in either earlier or later passages. In this study, we evaluate the dynamic changes of 15 different surface molecules during culture. Using multichromatic flow cytometry, ASCs from three different donors each in passages 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 were analyzed for their co-expression of markers associated with mesenchymal stem cells, wound healing, immune regulation, ASC markers, and differentiation capacity, respectively. We confirmed that at an early stage, ASC displayed a high heterogeneity with a plethora of subpopulations, which by culturing became more homogeneous. After a few passages, virtually all ASCs expressed CD29, CD166 and CD201, in addition to canonical markers CD73, CD90, and CD105. However, even at passage 8, there were several predominant lineages that differed with respect to the expression of CD34, CD200 and CD271. Although the significance of remaining subpopulations still needs to be elucidated, our results underscore the necessity to fully characterize ASCs prior to clinical use.

The Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and their Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular Disease Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 623-638
Author(s):  
Saeideh Gholamzadeh Khoei ◽  
Fateme Karimi Dermani ◽  
Sara Malih ◽  
Nashmin Fayazi ◽  
Mohsen Sheykhhasan
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Cellular Source

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including disorders of cardiac muscle and vascular, is the major cause of death globally. Many unsuccessful attempts have been made to intervene in the disease's pathogenesis and treatment. Stem cell-based therapies, as a regeneration strategy, cast a new hope for CVD treatment. One of the most well-known stem cells is mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), classified as one of the adult stem cells and can be obtained from different tissues. These cells have superior properties, such as proliferation and highly specialized differentiation. On the other hand, they have the potential to modulate the immune system and anti-inflammatory activity. One of their most important features is the secreting the extracellular vesicles (EVs) like exosomes (EXOs) as an intercellular communication system mediating the different physiological and pathophysiological affairs. Methods: In this review study, the importance of MSC and its secretory exosomes for the treatment of heart disease has been together and specifically addressed and the use of these promising natural and accessible agents is predicted to replace the current treatment modalities even faster than we imagine. Results: MSC derived EXOs by providing a pro-regenerative condition allowing innate stem cells to repair damaged tissues successfully. As a result, MSCs are considered as the appropriate cellular source in regenerative medicine. In the plethora of experiments, MSCs and MSC-EXOs have been used for the treatment and regeneration of heart diseases and myocardial lesions. Conclusions: Administration of MSCs has been provided a replacement therapeutic option for heart regeneration, obtaining great attention among the basic researcher and the medical doctors.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document