scholarly journals In Silico Investigation of Potential Applications of Gamma Carbonic Anhydrases as Catalysts of CO2 Biomineralization Processes: A Visit to the Thermophilic Bacteria Persephonella hydrogeniphila, Persephonella marina, Thermosulfidibacter takaii, and Thermus thermophilus

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2861
Author(s):  
Colleen Varaidzo Manyumwa ◽  
Özlem Tastan Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Sequestration ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Thermophilic Bacteria ◽  
Thermus Thermophilus ◽  
Md Simulations ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrases ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Proton Shuttling ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Analysis

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) have been identified as ideal catalysts for CO2 sequestration. Here, we report the sequence and structural analyses as well as the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of four γ-CAs from thermophilic bacteria. Three of these, Persephonella marina, Persephonella hydrogeniphila, and Thermosulfidibacter takaii originate from hydrothermal vents and one, Thermus thermophilus HB8, from hot springs. Protein sequences were retrieved and aligned with previously characterized γ-CAs, revealing differences in the catalytic pocket residues. Further analysis of the structures following homology modeling revealed a hydrophobic patch in the catalytic pocket, presumed important for CO2 binding. Monitoring of proton shuttling residue His69 (P. marina γ-CA numbering) during MD simulations of P. hydrogeniphila and P. marina’s γ-CAs (γ-PhCA and γ-PmCA), showed a different behavior to that observed in the γ-CA of Escherichia coli, which periodically coordinates Zn2+. This work also involved the search for hotspot residues that contribute to interface stability. Some of these residues were further identified as key in protein communication via betweenness centrality metric of dynamic residue network analysis. T. takaii’s γ-CA showed marginally lower thermostability compared to the other three γ-CA proteins with an increase in conformations visited at high temperatures being observed. Hydrogen bond analysis revealed important interactions, some unique and others common in all γ-CAs, which contribute to interface formation and thermostability. The seemingly thermostable γ-CA from T. thermophilus strangely showed increased unsynchronized residue motions at 423 K. γ-PhCA and γ-PmCA were, however, preliminarily considered suitable as prospective thermostable CO2 sequestration agents.

scholarly journals A systematic review of the genera Geobacillus and Parageobacillus: their evolution, current taxonomic status and major applications

Microbiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 166 (9) ◽  
pp. 800-816
Author(s):  
Ishfaq Nabi Najar ◽  
Nagendra Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Thermophilic Bacteria ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acids ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

The genus Geobacillus , belonging to the phylum Firmicutes, is one of the most important genera and comprises thermophilic bacteria. The genus Geobacillus was erected with the taxonomic reclassification of various Bacillus species. Taxonomic studies of Geobacillus remain in progress. However, there is no comprehensive review of the characteristic features, taxonomic status and study of various applications of this interesting genus. The main aim of this review is to give a comprehensive account of the genus Geobacillus . At present the genus acomprises 25 taxa, 14 validly published (with correct name), nine validly published (with synonyms) and two not validly published species. We describe only validly published species of the genera Geobacillus and Parageobacillus . Vegetative cells of Geobacillus species are Gram-strain-positive or -variable, rod-shaped, motile, endospore-forming, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, obligately thermophilic and chemo-organotrophic. Growth occurs in the pH range 6.08.5 and a temperature of 37–75 °C. The major cellular fatty acids are iso-C15:o, iso-C16:0 and iso-C17:o. The main menaquinone type is MK-7. The G­+C content of the DNA ranges between 48.2 and 58 mol%. The genus Geobacillus is widely distributed in nature, being mostly found in many extreme locations such as hot springs, hydrothermal vents, marine trenches, hay composts, etc. Geobacillus species have been widely exploited in various industrial and biotechnological applications, and thus are promising candidates for further studies in the future.

scholarly journals Gamma Carbonic Anhydrases from Hydrothermal Vent Bacteria: Cases of Alternating Active Site Due to a Long Loop with Proton Shuttle Residue

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1177
Author(s):  
Colleen Varaidzo Manyumwa ◽  
Özlem Tastan Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Active Site ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Co2 Sequestration ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrases ◽  
Motif Analysis ◽  
Multiple Sequence ◽  
Methanosarcina Thermophila ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Proton Shuttling

Accelerated CO2 sequestration uses carbonic anhydrases (CAs) as catalysts; thus, there is much research on these enzymes. The γ-CA from Escherichia coli (EcoCA-γ) was the first γ-CA to display an active site that switches between “open” and “closed” states through Zn2+ coordination by the proton-shuttling His residue. Here, we explored this occurrence in γ-CAs from hydrothermal vent bacteria and also the γ-CA from Methanosarcina thermophila (Cam) using molecular dynamics. Ten sequences were analyzed through multiple sequence alignment and motif analysis, along with three others from a previous study. Conservation of residues and motifs was high, and phylogeny indicated a close relationship amongst the sequences. All structures, like EcoCA-γ, had a long loop harboring the proton-shuttling residue. Trimeric structures were modeled and simulated for 100 ns at 423 K, with all the structures displaying thermostability. A shift between “open” and “closed” active sites was observed in the 10 models simulated through monitoring the behavior of the His proton-shuttling residue. Cam, which has two Glu proton shuttling residues on long loops (Glu62 and Glu84), also showed an active site switch affected by the first Glu proton shuttle, Glu62. This switch was thus concluded to be common amongst γ-CAs and not an isolated occurrence.

scholarly journals PRODUCTION OF INDUSTRIALLY IMPORTANT ENZYMES BY THERMOBACILLI ISOLATED FROM HOT SPRINGS OF INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
ASHISH DHYANI ◽  
RITU GURURANI ◽  
SAMY A. SELIM ◽  
PRIYANKA ADHIKARI ◽  
AVINASH SHARMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Thermophilic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Maximum Stability ◽  
Ph Range

Enzymes from thermophilic bacteria have received great attention for their potential applications in various industrial sectors. The present study deals with the production of five thermozymes (amylase, lipase, xylanase, protease and cellulase) from 10 thermophilic bacterial species, originally isolated from two hot springs namely Soldhar and Ringigad in Uttarakhand Himalaya, India. The bacterial isolate GBPI_25 produced maximum amylase (1217.86 U/ml) at 45 °C and 5 pH, GBPI 3 produced maximum lipase (22.59 U/ml) at 65 °C and 9 pH, GBPI_25 produced maximum xylanase (98.07 U/ml) at45 °C and 9 pH, GBPI_35 produced maximum protease (16.66 U/ml) at 55 °C and 9 pH, and GBPI 4 produced maximum cellulose (108.68 U/ml) at 45 °C and 5 pH. Crude enzyme preparations showed thermal and pH activities at broad temperature and pH range between 10-100 °C and 3-11 pH, respectively, with different temperature and pH optima. Amylase, xylanase and cellulase showed maximum activity at 50 °C while lipase and protease showed higher activity at 40 and 60 °C, respectively. Enzyme activity at wide temperature range-cellulase and protease from 10-100 °C, amylase and xylanasefrom10-90 °C, and lipase activity from 10-80 °C were the remarkable records from this study. Similarly, pH range for amylase and lipase activity was recorded from 4-11, for xylanase from 3-9, and for protease and cellulase from 3-10. All the thermozymes showed maximum stability at 40 °C and pH 5 except cellulase that showed higher stability at40 °C and neutral pH.

Screening of xylanolytic thermophilic bacteria from some hot springs in Turkey

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. S88
Author(s):  
Kadriye İnan ◽  
Müslüm Tokgöz ◽  
Sabriye Çanakçi ◽  
Ali Osman Beldüz
Keyword(s):  
Hot Springs ◽  
Thermophilic Bacteria

Antimicrobial Activity and GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Constituents of Thermophilic Bacteria Isolated from Saudi Hot Springs

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
S. A. Alrumman ◽  
Y. S. Mostafa ◽  
Shekha T. S. Al-Qahtani ◽  
T. Sahlabji ◽  
T. H. Taha
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Thermophilic Bacteria ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Ms Analysis

scholarly journals Factoring Origin of Life Hypotheses into the Search for Life in the Solar System and Beyond

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Longo ◽  
Bruce Damer
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Planetary Science ◽  
Icy Moons ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Early Mars ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Detection Strategies

Two widely-cited alternative hypotheses propose geological localities and biochemical mechanisms for life’s origins. The first states that chemical energy available in submarine hydrothermal vents supported the formation of organic compounds and initiated primitive metabolic pathways which became incorporated in the earliest cells; the second proposes that protocells self-assembled from exogenous and geothermally-delivered monomers in freshwater hot springs. These alternative hypotheses are relevant to the fossil record of early life on Earth, and can be factored into the search for life elsewhere in the Solar System. This review summarizes the evidence supporting and challenging these hypotheses, and considers their implications for the search for life on various habitable worlds. It will discuss the relative probability that life could have emerged in environments on early Mars, on the icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn, and also the degree to which prebiotic chemistry could have advanced on Titan. These environments will be compared to ancient and modern terrestrial analogs to assess their habitability and biopreservation potential. Origins of life approaches can guide the biosignature detection strategies of the next generation of planetary science missions, which could in turn advance one or both of the leading alternative abiogenesis hypotheses.

scholarly journals Extremely thermophilic microorganisms and their polymer-hidrolytic enzymes

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina M.M.C. Andrade ◽  
Nei Pereira Jr. ◽  
Garo Antranikian
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Thermophilic Microorganisms ◽  
Potential Applications

Thermophilic and hyperthermophilic microorganisms are found as normal inhabitants of continental and submarine volcanic areas, geothermally heated sea-sediments and hydrothermal vents and thus are considered extremophiles. Several present or potential applications of extremophilic enzymes are reviewed, especially polymer-hydrolysing enzymes, such as amylolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes. The purpose of this review is to present the range of morphological and metabolic features among those microorganisms growing from 70oC to 100°C and to indicate potential opportunities for useful applications derived from these features.

scholarly journals Extremophilic Exopolysaccharides: Biotechnologies and Wastewater Remediation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aparna Banerjee ◽  
Shrabana Sarkar ◽  
Tanvi Govil ◽  
Patricio González-Faune ◽  
Gustavo Cabrera-Barjas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Wastewater Remediation ◽  
Water Contaminants ◽  
Chemical Groups ◽  
Trace And Toxic Metals

Various microorganisms thrive under extreme environments, like hot springs, hydrothermal vents, deep marine ecosystems, hyperacid lakes, acid mine drainage, high UV exposure, and more. To survive against the deleterious effect of these extreme circumstances, they form a network of biofilm where exopolysaccharides (EPSs) comprise a substantial part. The EPSs are often polyanionic due to different functional groups in their structural backbone, including uronic acids, sulfated units, and phosphate groups. Altogether, these chemical groups provide EPSs with a negative charge allowing them to (a) act as ligands toward dissolved cations as well as trace, and toxic metals; (b) be tolerant to the presence of salts, surfactants, and alpha-hydroxyl acids; and (c) interface the solubilization of hydrocarbons. Owing to their unique structural and functional characteristics, EPSs are anticipated to be utilized industrially to remediation of metals, crude oil, and hydrocarbons from contaminated wastewaters, mines, and oil spills. The biotechnological advantages of extremophilic EPSs are more diverse than traditional biopolymers. The present review aims at discussing the mechanisms and strategies for using EPSs from extremophiles in industries and environment bioremediation. Additionally, the potential of EPSs as fascinating biomaterials to mediate biogenic nanoparticles synthesis and treat multicomponent water contaminants is discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document