scholarly journals Coffee Extends Yeast Chronological Lifespan through Antioxidant Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9510
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Czachor ◽  
Michał Miłek ◽  
Sabina Galiniak ◽  
Karolina Stępień ◽  
Małgorzata Dżugan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Strand Break ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Chronological Lifespan ◽  
The Impact

Aging is a multifactorial process accompanied by loss of cell function. Science has been looking for factors responsible for aging for many years. However, despite identifying a number of possible causes, the definite reason for aging has been elusive so far. One of the factors contributing to aging is oxygen free radicals. In this context, beneficial effects of coffee on various organisms, including humans, were investigated, although the results are far from unequivocal. In our research, we used the budding yeast—something of a workhorse in many studies, including the studies of aging. So far, the impact of coffee on the aging of cells in the budding yeast experimental setup has little known about it. Here, we provide strong evidence that coffee compounds, particularly flavonoids, are responsible for scavenging free radicals and longevity in yeast lacking Sod1, Sod2 and Rad52 proteins. In this paper, we compared Arabica and Robusta coffee types. We present an analysis of the concentration of caffeine and flavonoids measured by the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography method. We show that Robusta has a much greater antioxidant capacity than Arabica. We also conclude that coffee infusions significantly extend the chronological lifespan of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells by protecting cells against reactive oxygen species, double DNA-strand break and decrease in metabolic activity.

scholarly journals Mycosporine-Like Amino Acids from Red Macroalgae: UV-Photoprotectors with Potential Cosmeceutical Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 5112
Author(s):  
Julia Vega ◽  
Geniane Schneider ◽  
Bruna R. Moreira ◽  
Carolina Herrera ◽  
José Bonomi-Barufi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Red Macroalgae ◽  
Thermo Stability ◽  
The Impact

Macroalgae belong to a diverse group of organisms that could be exploited for biomolecule application. Among the biocompounds found in this group, mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are highlighted mainly due to their photoprotection, antioxidant properties, and high photo and thermo-stability, which are attractive characteristics for the development of cosmeceutical products. Therefore, here we revise published data about MAAs, including their biosynthesis, biomass production, extraction, characterization, identification, purification, and bioactivities. MAAs can be found in many algae species, but the highest concentrations are found in red macroalgae, mainly in the order Bangiales, as Porphyra spp. In addition to the species, the content of MAAs can vary depending on environmental factors, of which solar radiation and nitrogen availability are the most influential. MAAs can confer photoprotection due to their capacity to absorb ultraviolet radiation or reduce the impact of free radicals on cells, among other properties. To extract these compounds, different approaches can be used. The efficiency of these methods can be evaluated with characterization and identification using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), associated with other apparatus such as mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Therefore, the data presented in this review allow a broad comprehension of MAAs and show perspectives for their inclusion in cosmeceutical products.

scholarly journals Determination of Caffeine Content in Tea and Maté Tea by using Different Methods

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (Special Issue 1) ◽  
pp. S213-S216 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Komes ◽  
D. Horžić ◽  
A. Belščak ◽  
K. Kovačević Ganič ◽  
A. Baljak
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Mate Tea

Caffeine-containing products have been consumed for hundreds of years for their pleasant flavor and stimulating effects. In recent years, caffeine received increasing attention in food and pharmaceutical industries, due to its pharmacological properties which comprise stimulation of the central nervous system, peripheral vasoconstriction, relaxation of the smooth muscle and myocardial stimulation. The aim of this study was to determine the content of caffeine in five types of tea (white, yellow, green, oolong, black) and two types of maté tea (green maté and roasted maté tea). The content of caffeine was determined by using four different methods: extraction with chloroform, micromethod, method with lead-acetate and high performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC-PDA). The antioxidant capacity of teas as well as of the extracted (“raw”) caffeine was determined by using two methods: reactions with 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical (ABTS assay) and Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP assay). The content of caffeine has been associated with plant origin and growth conditions, as well as processing conditions. By applying all four methods, the highest content of caffeine was determined in white tea, whereas maté and roasted maté tea were characterised with the lowest content of caffeine. Spectrophotometric micro-method has proven to be the best alternative to the HPLC method. The highest antioxidant capacity was determined in yellow tea, while the lowest was determined in roasted maté tea. In comparison to the antioxidant capacity of teas, the antioxidant capacity of extracted (“raw”) caffeine is almost negligible, and does not contribute to the overall antioxidant properties of tea.

scholarly journals The Impact of Processing Parameters on the Content of Phenolic Compounds in New Gluten-Free Precooked Buckwheat Pasta

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Oniszczuk ◽  
Kamila Kasprzak ◽  
Agnieszka Wójtowicz ◽  
Tomasz Oniszczuk ◽  
Marta Olech
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Free Phenolic Acids ◽  
The Impact

Buckwheat is a generous source of phenolic compounds, vitamins and essential amino acids. This paper discusses the procedure of obtaining innovative gluten-free, precooked pastas from roasted buckwheat grains flour, a fertile source of natural antioxidants, among them, phenolic acids. The authors also determined the effect of the extruder screw speed and the level of moisture content in the raw material on the quantity of free phenolic acids. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolic acids in pasta was carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). The chromatographic method was validated. For extracts with the highest total content of free phenolic acids and unprocessed flour from roasted buckwheat grain, the TLC-DPPH test was also performed to determine the antioxidant properties of the tested pasta. The level of moisture in the raw material had an impact on the content of phenolic acids. All pastas made from buckwheat flour moistened up to 32% exhibited a higher total content of free phenolic acids than other mixes moistened to 30 and 34% of water.

scholarly journals The Quality of Ciders Depends on the Must Supplementation with Mineral Salts

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3640
Author(s):  
Tomasz Tarko ◽  
Magdalena Januszek ◽  
Aneta Pater ◽  
Paweł Sroka ◽  
Aleksandra Duda-Chodak
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Total Polyphenol Content ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Magnesium Salts ◽  
The Impact

Providing yeast with the right amount of mineral salts before fermentation can contribute to improving the entire technological process, resulting in a better-quality final product. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of apple must supplementation with mineral salts ((NH4)2SO4, MgSO4, (NH4)3PO4)) on enological parameters, antioxidant activity, total polyphenol content, and the profile of volatile cider compounds fermented with various yeast strains. Rubin cultivar must was inoculated with wine, cider, and distillery or wild yeast strains. Various mineral salts and their mixtures were introduced into the must in doses from 0.167 g/L to 0.5 g/L. The control sample consisted of ciders with no added mineral salts. The basic enological parameters, antioxidant properties, total polyphenol content, and their profile, as well as the composition of volatile compounds, were assessed in ciders. Must supplementation with magnesium salts significantly influenced the use of the analyzed element by yeast cells and was dependent on the yeast strain. In supplemented samples, a decrease in alcohol concentration and total acidity, as well as an increase in the content of extract and total polyphenols, was observed compared to the controls. The addition of ammonium salts caused a decrease in the amount of higher alcohols and magnesium salts, as well as a decrease in the concentration of some esters in ciders.

scholarly journals Study of vacuum and freeze drying of bee honey

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6 Part B) ◽  
pp. 4241-4251
Author(s):  
Nebojsa Nedic ◽  
Milan Gojak ◽  
Ivan Zlatanovic ◽  
Nedzad Rudonja ◽  
Kristina Lazarevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Diffusivity Coefficient ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Acacia Honey ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this research is to study the drying kinetics of vacuum-dried and freeze-dried bee honey produced from two different varieties: Sunflower honey (Helianthus Annuus L.) and Acacia honey (Robinia pseudo acacia L.). Vacuum drying treatments were carried out with the honey samples? initial temperatures of +25?C, ?20?C, and ?40?C. Water content, total soluble solids, as well as the water activity of fresh and dried honey samples were determined. Freeze-drying of bee honey with initial sample temperature of ?40?C has resulted in shorter drying time (7-9 hours), moisture content (10%-12%), water activity (0.405-0.427 aW) and effective moisture diffusivity coefficient (8.26?10?7-9.51?10-7 m2/s). The high-performance liquid chromatography method was used when analyzing the impact that drying pre-treatments had on honey quality. The application of pre-treatments has led to an increase in hydroxy-methyl-furfural by 39-71%, and a decrease in diastase activity by 17-36%, all compared to fresh honey samples. The solutions of Verma model proved to be the best fit with the experimental results.

scholarly journals The Profile of Selected Antioxidants in Two Courgette Varieties from Organic and Conventional Production

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
Klaudia Kopczyńska ◽  
Renata Kazimierczak ◽  
Dominika Średnicka-Tober ◽  
Marcin Barański ◽  
Zdzisław Wyszyński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Courgette is considered as a low-calorie vegetable with health-promoting properties. However, scientific publications focused on the profile and content of bioactive compounds in courgette, as well as the potential fruit quality modulating factors, are rare. Due to the high adaptability of courgette to weather and agronomic conditions, it is produced on a global scale. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of organic versus conventional agronomic practices on the concentration of selected antioxidants in courgette fruits. Fruits of two courgette varieties (Astra Polka and Nimba) produced in an organic and conventional system were tested by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to determine the content of polyphenols (flavonoids and phenolic acids), carotenoids, chlorophylls, and vitamin C. Organic courgette fruits were characterised by their significantly higher content of phenolic acids and flavonoids when compared to the conventionally grown fruit. The organic cultivation might be a good method to increase concentration of bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties in courgette fruits. Nevertheless, the identified trends should be further confirmed, with attention paid to other courgette varieties, as well as to the potential interactions between the plant genotype, agronomic system and the location-specific growing conditions.

scholarly journals Microwell array-based opto-electrochemical detections revealing co-adaptation of rheological properties and oxygen metabolism in budding yeast

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkata Suresh Vajrala ◽  
Baptiste Alric ◽  
Adrian Laborde ◽  
Camille Colin ◽  
Emmanuel Suraniti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
Basal Respiration ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Detection Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Microdevices composed of microwell arrays integrating nanoelectrodes (OptoElecWell) were developed to achieve dual high-resolution optical and electrochemical detections on single Saccharomyces cerevisiae budding yeast cells. Each array consists of 1.6x10^5 microwells of 8 um diameter and 5 um height, with a platinum nanoring electrode for in-situ electrochemistry, all integrated on a transparent thin wafer for further high- resolution live-cell imaging. After optimizing the filling rate, 32% of cells were effectively trapped within microwells. This allowed us to analyze S. cerevisiae metabolisms associated with basal respiration while simultaneously measuring optically other cellular parameters. In this study, we focused on the impact of glucose concentration on respiration and intracellular rheology. We found that while oxygen uptake rate decreased with increasing glucose concentration, diffusion of tracer nanoparticles increased. Our OptoElecWell based respiration methodology provided similar results compared to the commercial gold-standard Seahorse XF analyzer, while using 20 times lesser biological samples, paving the way to achieve single cell metabolomics. In addition, it facilitates an optical route to monitor the contents within single cells. The proposed device, in combination with the dual detection analysis, opens up new avenues for measuring cellular metabolism and relating it to various cellular physiological and rheological indicators at single cell level.

scholarly journals Impact of Ultrasound Extraction Parameters on the Antioxidant Properties of Moringa Oleifera Leaves

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luna Pollini ◽  
Carmela Tringaniello ◽  
Federica Ianni ◽  
Francesca Blasi ◽  
Jordi Manes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Extraction Parameters ◽  
The Impact

Recently, much interest has been focused on Moringa oleifera L., a highly versatile and sustainable plant. In addition to its nutritional properties, numerous bioactive compounds have been identified in M. oleifera leaves, for which healthy properties have been reported. In the present research, the impact of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) on the recovery of the bioactive compounds from leaves was investigated. Firstly, an experimental design approach has been used to highlight the influence of some extraction parameters (solvent, solvent/dry leaves ratio, temperature, time) on phenol compound recovery and antioxidant activity. Solvent composition was the most influential factor; in fact, the presence of water in the solvent (50:50, v/v) corresponded to an increase in the extraction performance. The liquid/solid ratio (L/S) also influenced the extraction process; in fact, the total phenol content reached 13.4 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry matter (DM) in the following UAE conditions: 50% water, 60:1 L/S ratio, 60 °C, 60 min. In order to quantify flavonols, hydroalcoholic extracts were analysed by HPLC-DAD (high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector). In the flavonol class, the glycosidic forms of quercetin and kaempferol were mainly detected. Their content ranged from 216.4 µg/g DM of quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside to 293.9 µg/g DM of quercetin 3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)-β-D-glucoside. In summary, the leaves of M. oleifera are a potential natural source of bioactive compounds, proving to be very promising for the development of health-promoting food supplements.

scholarly journals STEADY-STATE PHARMACOKINETICS OF METFORMIN IN OBESE PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A PRELIMINARY STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
Vitarani Dwi Ananda Ningrum ◽  
Zullies Ikawati ◽  
Ahmad Hamim Sadewa ◽  
M. Robikhul Ikhsan ◽  
S. Saepudin
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Steady State ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Peak Level ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTObjective: This study aimed to determine the metformin plasma steady-state concentration (PSSC) either trough and peak level in Type 2 diabetesmellitus patients with obesity and the impact of SLC22A1 gene organic cation transporter 1 (OCT) rs628031 A>G on PSSC of metformin.Methods: Validated reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method with ultraviolet detector was used to determine the metforminPSSC, as well as genotype variation was performed using the restriction fragment length polymorphisms-polymerase chain reaction method.Results: A total of 13 patients were recruited from five Primary Health Centers in Yogyakarta Province of Indonesia. The results showed that themeans of their trough and peak PSSC were 0.285±0.192 and 1.175±0.814 µg/ml, respectively. Only 10 patients (77%) had peak PSSC within theplasma therapeutic level (PTL) of metformin, and 14-fold variability was observed for the peak PSSC. None of the patients achieved the PTL ofmetformin with regard to their trough PSSC. The PSSC of metformin was independent of the OCT1 genotype in rs628031 (A>G) 408M/V SLC22A1.Conclusion: This study found a huge variability in the trough concentration of metformin (>100-fold) and 14-fold for the peak PSSC, and no impactof a variant of rs628013 SLC22A1 OCT1 on metformin PSSC was revealed.Keywords: Metformin, Steady-state pharmacokinetics, Obesity, Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals The Role of Nrf2 in Cardiovascular Function and Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro Satta ◽  
Ayman M. Mahmoud ◽  
Fiona L. Wilkinson ◽  
M. Yvonne Alexander ◽  
Stephen J. White
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Intercellular Signaling ◽  
Dynamic Regulation ◽  
The Impact

Free radicals, reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), hydrogen sulphide, and hydrogen peroxide play an important role in both intracellular and intercellular signaling; however, their production and quenching need to be closely regulated to prevent cellular damage. An imbalance, due to exogenous sources of free radicals and chronic upregulation of endogenous production, contributes to many pathological conditions including cardiovascular disease and also more general processes involved in aging. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (NFE2L2; commonly known as Nrf2) is a transcription factor that plays a major role in the dynamic regulation of a network of antioxidant and cytoprotective genes, through binding to and activating expression of promoters containing the antioxidant response element (ARE). Nrf2 activity is regulated by many mechanisms, suggesting that tight control is necessary for normal cell function and both hypoactivation and hyperactivation of Nrf2 are indicated in playing a role in different aspects of cardiovascular disease. Targeted activation of Nrf2 or downstream genes may prove to be a useful avenue in developing therapeutics to reduce the impact of cardiovascular disease. We will review the current status of Nrf2 and related signaling in cardiovascular disease and its relevance to current and potential treatment strategies.

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