scholarly journals The Topographical Optimization of 3D Microgroove Pattern Intervals for Ligamentous Cell Orientations: In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9358
Author(s):  
Min Guk Kim ◽  
Chan Ho Park
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
3D Scaffold ◽  
High Surface Quality ◽  
Human Pdl Cells ◽  
Pdl Cells ◽  
Wax Printing ◽  
Optimal Surface

Specific orientations of periodontal ligaments (PDLs) to tooth-root surface play an important role in offering positional stabilities of teeth, transmitting and absorbing various stresses under masticatory/occlusal loading conditions, or promoting tissue remodeling by mechanical stimulations to periodontal cells. However, it is still challenging to spatially control PDL orientations and collective PDL cell alignments using 3D scaffold architectures. Here, we investigated the optimization of scaffold topographies in order to control orientations of human PDL cells with predictability in in vitro. The 3D PDL-guiding architectures were designed by computer-aided design (CAD) and microgroove patterns on the scaffold surfaces were created with four different slice intervals such as 25.40 µm (μG-25), 19.05 µm (μG-19), 12.70 µm (μG-12), and 6.35 µm (μG-6) by the digital slicing step. After scaffold design and 3D wax printing, poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) was casted into 3D printed molds and human PDL cells were cultured for 7 days. In the results, μG-25 with low vertical resolution can angularly organize seeded cells predictably rather than μG-6 created by the highest resolution for high surface quality (or smooth surface). Moreover, nuclear orientations and deformability were quantitatively analyzed and a significant correlation between microgroove pattern intervals and cell alignments was calculated for the topographic optimization. In conclusion, controllable microgroove intervals can specifically organize human PDL cells by 3D printing, which can create various surface topographies with structural consistence. The optimal surface topography (μG-25) can angularly guide human PDL cells, but 6.35 µm-thick patterns (μG-6) showed random organization of cell collectivity.

scholarly journals Electropolishing Parametric Optimization of Surface Quality for the Fabrication of a Titanium Microchannel Using the Taguchi Method

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Muslim Mahardika ◽  
Martin Andre Setyawan ◽  
Tutik Sriani ◽  
Norihisa Miki ◽  
Gunawan Setia Prihandana
Keyword(s):  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Pareto Analysis ◽  
High Surface Quality

Titanium is widely used in biomedical components. As a promising advanced manufacturing process, electropolishing (EP) has advantages in polishing the machined surfaces of material that is hard and difficult to cut. This paper presents the fabrication of a titanium microchannel using the EP process. The Taguchi method was adopted to determine the optimal process parameters by which to obtain high surface quality using an L9 orthogonal array. The Pareto analysis of variance was utilized to analyze the three machining process parameters: applied voltage, concentration of ethanol in an electrolyte solution, and machining gap. In vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the fouling effect of blood on the microchannel. The result shows that an applied voltage of 20 V, an ethanol concentration of 20 vol.%, and a machining gap of 10 mm are the optimum machining parameters by which to enhance the surface quality of a titanium microchannel. Under the optimized machining parameters, the surface quality improved from 1.46 to 0.22 μm. Moreover, the adhesion of blood on the surface during the fouling experiment was significantly decreased, thus confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method.

scholarly journals A 3D Bioprinted Pseudo-Bone Drug Delivery Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pariksha Jolene Kondiah ◽  
Pierre P. D. Kondiah ◽  
Yahya E. Choonara ◽  
Thashree Marimuthu ◽  
Viness Pillay
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
3D Scaffold ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Matrix Hardness

A 3D bioprinted pseudo-bone drug delivery scaffold was fabricated to display matrix strength, matrix resilience, as well as porous morphology of healthy human bone. Computer-aided design (CAD) software was employed for developing the 3D bioprinted scaffold. Further optimization of the scaffold was undertaken using MATLAB® software and artificial neural networks (ANN). Polymers employed for formulating the 3D scaffold comprised of polypropylene fumarate (PPF), free radical polymerized polyethylene glycol- polycaprolactone (PEG-PCL-PEG), and pluronic (PF127). Simvastatin was incorporated into the 3D bioprinted scaffolds to further promote bone healing and repair properties. The 3D bioprinted scaffold was characterized for its chemical, morphological, mechanical, and in vitro release kinetics for evaluation of its behavior for application as an implantable scaffold at the site of bone fracture. The ANN-optimized 3D bioprinted scaffold displayed significant properties as a controlled release platform, demonstrating drug release over 20 days. The 3D bioprinted scaffold further displayed formation as a pseudo-bone matrix, using a human clavicle bone model, induced with a butterfly fracture. The strength of the pseudo-bone matrix, evaluated for its matrix hardness (MH) and matrix resilience (MR), was evaluated to be as strong as original bone, having a 99% MH and 98% MR property, to healthy human clavicle bones.

Heat shock protein 70 dampens the inflammatory response of human PDL cells to mechanical loading in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Marciniak ◽  
Stefan Lossdörfer ◽  
Christian Kirschneck ◽  
James Deschner ◽  
Andreas Jäger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Heat Shock Protein 70 ◽  
Human Pdl Cells ◽  
Pdl Cells

Nicotine-upregulated miR-30a arrests cell cycle in G1 phase by directly targeting CCNE2 in human periodontal ligament cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-361
Author(s):  
Lizheng Wu ◽  
Kuan Yang ◽  
Yajie Gui ◽  
Xiaojing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Cells ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Human Pdl Cells ◽  
Pdl Cells ◽  
Reporter Assays

The consumption of nicotine via smoking tobacco has been reported to stimulate the occurrence and progression of periodontitis. Many studies have demonstrated that nicotine prevents the regeneration of periodontal tissues primarily by inhibiting the proliferation of human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. However, the mechanisms underlying this process are still unclear. Therefore, we investigated whether nicotine-upregulated miR-30a inhibited the proliferation of human PDL cells by downregulating cyclin E2 (CCNE2), in vitro. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that nicotine upregulated the expression of miR-30a in human PDL cells. In addition, nicotine inhibited the proliferation of human PDL cells by inducing cell cycle arrest. To support this hypothesis, we showed that nicotine downregulated the expression of CCNE2 in human PDL cells, whereas inhibition of miR-30a restored CCNE2 expression that had been downregulated by nicotine. Furthermore, using luciferase reporter assays, we found that miR-30a directly interacts with the CCNE2 3′UTR. In conclusion, these findings indicate that nicotine-upregulated miR-30a inhibits the proliferation of human PDL cells by downregulating the expression of CCNE2.

PTH(1-34) Affects Osteoprotegerin Production in Human PDL Cells in vitro

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 634-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lossdörfer ◽  
W. Götz ◽  
A. Jäger
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Rankl Expression ◽  
Hormonal Stimulation ◽  
Human Pdl Cells ◽  
Pdl Cells ◽  
Maturation State ◽  
Osteocalcin Production ◽  
Intermittent Pth

Since periodontal ligament (PDL) cells exhibit several osteoblastic traits, we hypothesized that human PDL cells will respond to hormonal stimulation in an osteoblast-like manner. Confluent and pre-confluent PDL cells from six patients were challenged with PTH(1-34). Cell number, ALP, osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, and RANKL expression were determined. Intermittent PTH(1-34) treatment of confluent PDL cells caused a significant increase in proliferation, whereas differentiation and osteoprotegerin production decreased significantly. In pre-confluent PDL cells, this treatment regimen induced a biphasic decrease in proliferation, but a biphasic increase in differentiation and osteoprotegerin production. Continuous PTH(1-34) exposure enhanced proliferation but inhibited osteocalcin production in confluent cells and stimulated osteoprotegerin production in pre-confluent PDL cells. RANKL was hardly detectable and unaffected by PTH(1-34) treatment. These results indicate that human PDL cells respond to PTH(1-34) in an osteoblast-like manner, and that the PTH(1-34) effect depends on the maturation state of the cells and on the mode of administration.

In vitro Cellular Aging Stimulates Interleukin-1β Production in Stretched Human Periodontal-ligament-derived Cells

1997 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1367-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Shimizu ◽  
T. Goseki ◽  
M. Yamaguchi ◽  
T. Iwasawa ◽  
H. Takiguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Cellular Aging ◽  
Mechanical Tension ◽  
Human Pdl Cells ◽  
Pdl Cells

Although the severity of periodontal disease is known to be affected by host age, the pathological role of aging in periodontal disease, and especially that attributable to trauma from occlusion, has not been well-characterized. Interleukin (IL)-1β is a key mediator involved in periodontal diseases, a potent stimulator of bone resorption. Furthermore, it is produced by human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells in response to mechanical stress. To investigate the age-related changes in the biosynthetic capacity of IL-1β in PDL cells, we examined the effects of in vitro cellular aging with mechanical stress on IL-1β protein and gene expression by human PDL cells. Human PDL cells (young = 5th or 6th passage; old = 18-20th passage) were cultured on flexible-bottomed culture plates, and the cells were deformed at 6 cycles per min at 2 steps of tension force for 1 to 5 days. We found a two-fold increase in IL-lp production by old PDL cells subjected to mechanical tension compared with that by young PDL cells, although the constitutive levels of IL-1β were similar in both the young and old PDL cells. This increase was tension-dependent. IL-1β mRNA was also detected in both the cell types under basal conditions, and its expression was further enhanced by application of mechanical tension by use of reverse-transcription-polymerase chain-reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ hybridization methods. The increase in signal rate was higher in the old cells than in the young cells. IL-1β-converting enzyme mRNA remained unchanged. It is possible that a large amount of IL-1β produced by PDL cells from an aged host in response to mechanical force may be positively related to the accleration of alveolar bone resorption.

scholarly journals Role of cathepsin S In periodontal wound healing–an in vitro study on human PDL cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svenja Memmert ◽  
Marjan Nokhbehsaim ◽  
Anna Damanaki ◽  
Andressa V. B. Nogueira ◽  
Alexandra K. Papadopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Cathepsin S ◽  
Human Pdl Cells ◽  
Pdl Cells ◽  
Periodontal Wound Healing

Functionalized Nano-graphene Oxide as Multi-modal Clinic for Effective Drug Delivery

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3768-3771
Author(s):  
Soumitra Satapathi ◽  
Rutusmita Mishra ◽  
Manisha Chatterjee ◽  
Partha Roy ◽  
Somesh Mohapatra
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Graphene Derivatives ◽  
Nano Graphene

Nano-materials based drug delivery modalities to specific organs and tissues has become one of the critical endeavors in pharmaceutical research. Recently, two-dimensional graphene has elicited considerable research interest because of its potential application in drug delivery systems. Here we report, the drug delivery applications of PEGylated nano-graphene oxide (nGO-PEG), complexed with a multiphoton active and anti-cancerous diarylheptanoid drug curcumin. Specifically, graphene-derivatives were used as nanovectors for the delivery of the hydrophobic anticancer drug curcumin due to its high surface area and easy surface functionalization. nGO was synthesized by modified Hummer’s method and confirmed by XRD analysis. The formation of nGO, nGO-PEG and nGO-PEG-Curcumin complex were monitored through UV-vis, IR spectroscopy. MTT assay and AO/EB staining found that nGO-PEG-Curcumin complex afforded highly potent cancer cell killing in vitro with a human breast cancer cell line MCF7.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document