scholarly journals Sleep Apnoea Adverse Effects on Cancer: True, False, or Too Many Confounders?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8779
Author(s):  
David Gozal ◽  
Isaac Almendros ◽  
Amanda I. Phipps ◽  
Francisco Campos-Rodriguez ◽  
Miguel A. Martínez-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Relationship

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a prevalent disorder associated with increased cardiovascular, metabolic and neurocognitive morbidity. Recently, an increasing number of basic, clinical and epidemiological reports have suggested that OSA may also increase the risk of cancer, and adversely impact cancer progression and outcomes. This hypothesis is convincingly supported by biological evidence linking certain solid tumours and hypoxia, as well as by experimental studies involving cell and animal models testing the effects of intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation that characterize OSA. However, the clinical and epidemiological studies do not conclusively confirm that OSA adversely affects cancer, even if they hold true for specific cancers such as melanoma. It is likely that the inconclusive studies reflect that they were not specifically designed to test the hypothesis or because of the heterogeneity of the relationship of OSA with different cancer types or even sub-types. This review critically focusses on the extant basic, clinical, and epidemiological evidence while formulating proposed directions on how the field may move forward.

scholarly journals Relationship of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea with Diabetic Retinopathy: A Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenliu Zhu ◽  
Fengying Zhang ◽  
Yunxia Liu ◽  
Shuqin Yang ◽  
Chunting Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Until now, the relationship of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) with diabetic retinopathy (DR) was controversial. This meta-analysis was performed to obtain definitive conclusion on this topic. Relevant articles were searched on databases of Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The articles were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate the relationship of OSA with risk of DR.I2andPvalue were used to assess the presence of heterogeneity.I2≥ 50% orP<0.05indicated significant heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the robustness of pooled results. Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s regression analysis were adopted to assess publication bias. 6 eligible studies were selected in the present meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that OSA was significantly associated with increased risk of DR (OR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.49–2.72). Subgroup analysis based on type of diabetes mellitus suggested that OSA was related to DR in both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that pooled results were robust. No significant publication bias was observed (P=0.128). The results indicate that OSA is related to increased risk of DR.

Investigation Into Sleep Disturbance of Patients Suffering from Cluster Headache

Cephalalgia ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 488-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME Nobre ◽  
AJ Leal ◽  
PMF Filho
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Headache ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Stratified Analysis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The new discoveries relating to cluster headache (CH) encouraged the study of the relationship of the hypothalamus to respiratory physiology and its comorbidity with sleep apnoea. The question is whether the apnoeas are more frequent during REM sleep and the desaturations could be involved as triggers of the cluster attacks. Furthermore, could the connection with the hypothalamus, already proved, be responsible for an alteration in the structure of REM sleep and a chemoreceptor dysfunction. We set out to analyse when polysomnography investigation is necessary in patients with CH. We studied 37 patients suffering from episodic CH, 31 (83.8%) men and six (16.2%) women. For the control group, we selected 35 individuals, 31 (88.6%) men and four (11.4%) women. There was a greater percentage of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in patients with CH (58.3%) compared with the control group (14.3%) and with the general population (2-4%). In cases of pain during sleep, the majority is deflagrated during the REM phase, following a desaturation episode. A stratified analysis of the apnoea/hypnoea index relating to body mass index (BMI) and age showed that patients with CH have 8.4 times more chance of exhibiting OSA than normal individuals ( P < 0001). This risk increases to 24.38 in patients with a BMI > 25 kg/m2 and increases to 13.5 in patients > 40 years old. Surprisingly, the risk decreases sharply in patients with a BMI < 25 kg/m2 and who are < 40 years old. Due to the fact that polysomnography is a complex, costly and sometimes difficult examination, we suggest, in concordance with the results, that it should be carried out routinely in patients with CH that exhibit a BMI of > 25 kg/m2 and/or in patients who are > 40 years of age.

The Triad Nocturia, Smoking and Obstructive Sleep APnea

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1839-1842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Trenchea ◽  
Ioan Anton Arghir ◽  
Gilda Georgeta Popescu ◽  
Stefan Rascu ◽  
Edwin Sever Bechir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Sleep Breathing Disorders ◽  
Smoking Exposure ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Transversal Study

In patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), a consequence of the intermittent hypoxia is nocturia. The frequency of nocturia related OSA is increased because many pathological pathways are present simultaneously. The aim was to assess the prevalence of nocturia among OSA patients and to identify the relationship with OSA and its comorbidities. A transversal study determining the prevalence of OSA�s comorbidities and nocturia related OSA and smoking was assessed, from 2011 to 2015, in 2 Romanian centres of Somnology, in Constanta county. All patients suspected of sleep breathing disorders were investigated by polygraphy and all patients diagnosed with OSA were recruited. Demographic and clinical characteristics were assessed, including the onset of nocturia. The comparison between groups with and without nocturia was performed using SPSS software, using Anova for numerical outcomes and c2 test for the categorical ones. Nocturia was highly prevalent (62.75 %) among 204 OSA patients, especially in elderly (p [ 0.00001). High blood pressure (hypertension), obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), smoking exposure were more frequently reported in the OSA patients presenting nocturia (p[0.05). Type 2 diabetes and cardiac failure were also frequent, but did not reach a significant threshold of 95%. In conclusion, the nocturia is a frequent symptom and it is influenced by the OSA severity and comorbidities as hypertension and COPD. A further multidisciplinary approach in these patients is justified, especially in smokers.

Potential Role of Inflammation in Associations between Particulate Matter and Heart Failure

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaotong Ji ◽  
Yingying Zhang ◽  
Guangke Li ◽  
Nan Sang
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Inflammatory Mechanism ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Relationship

Recently, numerous studies have found that particulate matter (PM) exposure is correlated with increased hospitalization and mortality from heart failure (HF). In addition to problems with circulation, HF patients often display high expression of cytokines in the failing heart. Thus, as a recurring heart problem, HF is thought to be a disorder characterized in part by the inflammatory response. In this review, we intend to discuss the relationship between PM exposure and HF that is based on inflammatory mechanism and to provide a comprehensive, updated evaluation of the related studies. Epidemiological studies on PM-induced heart diseases are focused on high concentrations of PM, high pollutant load exposure in winter, or susceptible groups with heart diseases, etc. Furthermore, it appears that the relationship between fine or ultrafine PM and HF is stronger than that between HF and coarse PM. However, fewer studies paid attention to PM components. As for experimental studies, it is worth noting that coarse PM may indirectly promote the inflammatory response in the heart through systematic circulation of cytokines produced primarily in the lungs, while ultrafine PM and its components can enter circulation and further induce inflammation directly in the heart. In terms of PM exposure and enhanced inflammation during the pathogenesis of HF, this article reviews the following mechanisms: hemodynamics, oxidative stress, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and epigenetic regulation. However, many problems are still unsolved, and future work will be needed to clarify the complex biologic mechanisms and to identify the specific components of PM responsible for adverse effects on heart health.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNOEA AND TASK-1 GENETIC VARIANTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. e205
Author(s):  
N. Li ◽  
T. Shi ◽  
X. Yao ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
M. Heizhati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task

scholarly journals Dual Nature of Relationship between Mycobacteria and Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8332
Author(s):  
Marek Fol ◽  
Piotr Koziński ◽  
Jakub Kulesza ◽  
Piotr Białecki ◽  
Magdalena Druszczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Antitumor Agents ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Mycobacterium Ulcerans ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Mycobacterial Infections ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
The Relationship

Although the therapeutic effect of mycobacteria as antitumor agents has been known for decades, recent epidemiological and experimental studies have revealed that mycobacterium-related chronic inflammation may be a possible mechanism of cancer pathogenesis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous Mycobacterium avium complex infections have been implicated as potentially contributing to the etiology of lung cancer, whereas Mycobacterium ulcerans has been correlated with skin carcinogenesis. The risk of tumor development with chronic mycobacterial infections is thought to be a result of many host effector mechanisms acting at different stages of oncogenesis. In this paper, we focus on the nature of the relationship between mycobacteria and cancer, describing the clinical significance of mycobacteria-based cancer therapy as well as epidemiological evidence on the contribution of chronic mycobacterial infections to the increased lung cancer risk.

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