scholarly journals A Novel Promising Frontier for Human Health: The Beneficial Effects of Nutraceuticals in Cardiovascular Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8706
Author(s):  
Albino Carrizzo ◽  
Carmine Izzo ◽  
Maurizio Forte ◽  
Eduardo Sommella ◽  
Paola Di Pietro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Individual

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and diabetes are a significant public health problem worldwide. Although several novel pharmacological treatments to reduce the progression of CVDs have been discovered during the last 20 years, the better way to contain the onset of CVDs remains prevention. In this regard, nutraceuticals seem to own a great potential in maintaining human health, exerting important protective cardiovascular effects. In the last years, there has been increased focus on identifying natural compounds with cardiovascular health-promoting effects and also to characterize the molecular mechanisms involved. Although many review articles have focused on the individual natural compound impact on cardiovascular diseases, the aim of this manuscript was to examine the role of the most studied nutraceuticals, such as resveratrol, cocoa, quercetin, curcumin, brassica, berberine and Spirulina platensis, on different CVDs.

scholarly journals Curcumin and Biochemical Parameters in Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)—A Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2654
Author(s):  
Gracjan Różański ◽  
Sławomir Kujawski ◽  
Julia L. Newton ◽  
Paweł Zalewski ◽  
Joanna Słomko
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Individual

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), formerly non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is characterized by excessive fat accumulation in hepatocytes. It is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and is a significant public health problem. In the absence of pharmacological therapy, other treatments such as diet, physical activity, or supplementation are sought. Non-pharmacological therapies may include curcumin supplementation, which has been shown to have many health-promoting properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. For this reason, we reviewed available databases to analyze publications describing the effect of curcumin supplementation on biochemical parameters in MAFLD. Nine studies (eight RCTs and one CT) based solely on supplementation of patients with curcumin were included in this review. The results from the individual trials were varied and did not allow clear conclusions. Although they suggest that curcumin shows some potential in the treatment of MAFLD, further research is needed.

scholarly journals Heat therapy: Mechanistic underpinnings and applications to cardiovascular health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vienna E. Brunt ◽  
Christopher T. Minson
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Heat Therapy ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
Hot Baths ◽  
Improve Health

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide, and novel therapies are drastically needed to prevent or delay the onset of CVD in order to reduce the societal and healthcare burdens associated with these chronic diseases. One such therapy is 'heat therapy', or chronic, repeated use of hot baths or saunas. Although using heat exposure to improve health is not a new concept, it has received renewed attention in recent years as a growing number of studies have demonstrated robust and widespread beneficial effects of heat therapy on cardiovascular health. Here, we review the existing literature, with particular focus on the molecular mechanisms that underscore the cardiovascular benefits of this practice.

scholarly journals The Influence of Camiella sinesis, Matricaria chamomilla and their Blend Teas Infusion on Serum Lipids of Wistar Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Olanrewaju Roland Akinseye ◽  
Aladenika Yetunde
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Individual

Green tea (GT) and Chamomile tea (CT) are one of the most important beverages which is used worldwide. They have become a subject of interest because of the beneficial effects on human health in recent years. In this study which was to demonstrate the cholesterol reducing-effects ofCamiellasinesis,Matricariachamomillaand their blend teas on serum lipids of Wistar rats. The animals were divided into control group (CG) and nine treated groups: GT1, GT3, GT5 treated with green tea; CT1, CT3, CT5 treated with Chamomile tea and GT+CT1, GT+CT3, GT+CT5 treated with blended green tea and chamomile tea of 10 mg/kg.BW/ml, 30 mg/kg.BW/ml and 50 mg/kg.BW/ml concentrations respectively. The teas were administered orally once in a day for 30 days. GT3, GT5; CT3, CT5 and GT+CT3, GT+CT5 animals showed significant decrease in triglycerides and total cholesterol and slight increase in HDL-c levels. The levels of LDL-c decreased in the treated groups compared to control group. The results of this study say that the individual tea samples have a significant effect on lipid profile and the teas are capable of improving the cardiovascular health.

scholarly journals Pinus Species as Prospective Reserves of Bioactive Compounds with Potential Use in Functional Food—Current State of Knowledge

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1306
Author(s):  
Marcin Dziedziński ◽  
Joanna Kobus-Cisowska ◽  
Barbara Stachowiak
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Few Data

The pine (Pinus L.) is the largest and most heteromorphic plant genus of the pine family (Pinaceae Lindl.), which grows almost exclusively in the northern hemisphere. The demand for plant-based remedies, supplements and functional food is growing worldwide. Although pine-based products are widely available in many parts of the world, they are almost absent as food ingredients. The literature shows the beneficial effects of pine preparations on human health. Despite the wide geographical distribution of pine trees in the natural environment, there are very few data in the literature on the widespread use of pine in food technology. This study aims to present, characterise and evaluate the content of phytochemicals in pine trees, including shoots, bark and conifer needles, as well as to summarise the available data on their health-promoting and functional properties, and the potential of their use in food and the pharmaceutical industry to support health. Various species of pine tree contain different compositions of bioactive compounds. Regardless of the solvent, method, pine species and plant part used, all pine extracts contain a high number of polyphenols. Pine tree extracts exhibit several described biological activities that may be beneficial to human health. The available examples of the application of pine elements in food are promising. The reuse of residual pine elements is still limited compared to its potential. In this case, it is necessary to conduct more research to find and develop new products and applications of pine residues and by-products.

scholarly journals Curcumin: Could This Compound Be Useful in Pregnancy and Pregnancy-Related Complications?

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiziana Filardi ◽  
Rosaria Varì ◽  
Elisabetta Ferretti ◽  
Alessandra Zicari ◽  
Susanna Morano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Growth Disorders ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Toxic Agents ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

Curcumin, the main polyphenol contained in turmeric root (Curcuma longa), has played a significant role in medicine for centuries. The growing interest in plant-derived substances has led to increased consumption of them also in pregnancy. The pleiotropic and multi-targeting actions of curcumin have made it very attractive as a health-promoting compound. In spite of the beneficial effects observed in various chronic diseases in humans, limited and fragmentary information is currently available about curcumin’s effects on pregnancy and pregnancy-related complications. It is known that immune-metabolic alterations occurring during pregnancy have consequences on both maternal and fetal tissues, leading to short- and long-term complications. The reported anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitoxicant, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, antiapoptotic, antiangiogenic, anti-hypertensive, and antidiabetic properties of curcumin appear to be encouraging, not only for the management of pregnancy-related disorders, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preeclampsia (PE), depression, preterm birth, and fetal growth disorders but also to contrast damage induced by natural and chemical toxic agents. The current review summarizes the latest data, mostly obtained from animal models and in vitro studies, on the impact of curcumin on the molecular mechanisms involved in pregnancy pathophysiology, with the aim to shed light on the possible beneficial and/or adverse effects of curcumin on pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Mechanisms of Astaxanthin in Cardiovascular Diseases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Parga Martins Pereira ◽  
Ana Carolina Remondi Souza ◽  
Andrea Rodrigues Vasconcelos ◽  
Pietra Sacramento Prado ◽  
José João Name
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death. Oxidative stress and inflammation are pathophysiological processes involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases, so anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents that modulate redox balance have become the targets of research to evaluate their molecular mechanisms and therapeutic properties. Astaxanthin, a carotenoid of the xanthophyll group, has potent antioxidant effects due to its molecular structure and its arrangement in the plasma membrane, factors that favor the neutralization of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. This carotenoid also stands out for its anti-inflammatory activity, possibly interrelated with its antioxidant effect, as well as for its modulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. Considering the potential positive effects of astaxanthin on cardiovascular health evidenced by preclinical and clinical studies, this paper describes the molecular and cellular mechanisms related to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of this carotenoid in cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis.

Cardiovascular effects of air pollution

2008 ◽  
Vol 115 (6) ◽  
pp. 175-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Brook
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Particle Exposure

Air pollution is a heterogeneous mixture of gases, liquids and PM (particulate matter). In the modern urban world, PM is principally derived from fossil fuel combustion with individual constituents varying in size from a few nanometres to 10 μm in diameter. In addition to the ambient concentration, the pollution source and chemical composition may play roles in determining the biological toxicity and subsequent health effects. Nevertheless, studies from across the world have consistently shown that both short- and long-term exposures to PM are associated with a host of cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial ischaemia and infarctions, heart failure, arrhythmias, strokes and increased cardiovascular mortality. Evidence from cellular/toxicological experiments, controlled animal and human exposures and human panel studies have demonstrated several mechanisms by which particle exposure may both trigger acute events as well as prompt the chronic development of cardiovascular diseases. PM inhaled into the pulmonary tree may instigate remote cardiovascular health effects via three general pathways: instigation of systemic inflammation and/or oxidative stress, alterations in autonomic balance, and potentially by direct actions upon the vasculature of particle constituents capable of reaching the systemic circulation. In turn, these responses have been shown to trigger acute arterial vasoconstriction, endothelial dysfunction, arrhythmias and pro-coagulant/thrombotic actions. Finally, long-term exposure has been shown to enhance the chronic genesis of atherosclerosis. Although the risk to one individual at any single time point is small, given the prodigious number of people continuously exposed, PM air pollution imparts a tremendous burden to the global public health, ranking it as the 13th leading cause of morality (approx. 800000 annual deaths).

scholarly journals Is Eating Raisins Healthy?

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Olmo-Cunillera ◽  
Danilo Escobar-Avello ◽  
Andy J. Pérez ◽  
María Marhuenda-Muñoz ◽  
Rosa Mª Lamuela-Raventós ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Potential Benefits

Raisins are dried grapes consumed worldwide that contain beneficial components for human health. They are rich in fiber and phytochemicals such as phenolic compounds. Despite a 60% sugar content, several studies have reported health-promoting properties for raisins and this review compiles the intervention studies, as well as the cell line and animal model studies carried out to date. It has been demonstrated that raisins possess a low-to-moderate glycemic index, which makes them a healthy snack. They seem to contribute to a better diet quality and may reduce appetite. Their antioxidant capacity has been correlated to the phenolic content and this may be involved in the improvement of cardiovascular health. In addition, raisins maintain a good oral health due to their antibacterial activity, low adherence to teeth and an optimum oral pH. Raisin consumption also seems to be favorable for colon function, although more studies should be done to conclude this benefit. Moreover, gut microbiota could be affected by the prebiotic content of raisins. Cell line and animal model studies show other potential benefits in specific diseases, such as cancer and Alzheimer’s disease. However, deeper research is required and future intervention studies with humans are needed. Overall, incorporating an 80–90 g portion of raisins (half a cup) into the daily diet may be favorable for human health.

scholarly journals Seaweeds as Preventive Agents for Cardiovascular Diseases: From Nutrients to Functional Foods

Marine Drugs ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6838-6865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Cardoso ◽  
Olívia Pereira ◽  
Ana Seca ◽  
Diana Pinto ◽  
Artur Silva
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Dietary Fibers ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Promotion

Being naturally enriched in key nutrients and in various health-promoting compounds, seaweeds represent promising candidates for the design of functional foods. Soluble dietary fibers, peptides, phlorotannins, lipids and minerals are macroalgae’s major compounds that can hold potential in high-value food products derived from macroalgae, including those directed to the cardiovascular-health promotion. This manuscript revises available reported data focusing the role of diet supplementation of macroalgae, or extracts enriched in bioactive compounds from macroalgae origin, in targeting modifiable markers of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), like dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, vascular inflammation, hypertension, hypercoagulability and activation of the sympathetic and renin-angiotensin systems, among others. At last, the review also describes several products that have been formulated with the use of whole macroalgae or extracts, along with their claimed cardiovascular-associated benefits.

scholarly journals Obesity and inflammatory skin diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Satoshi Nakamizo ◽  
Tetsuya Honda ◽  
Kenji Kabashima
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Inflammatory Skin ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship

Obesity has become a significant public health problem since it may cause many chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, liver diseases, and some cancers. Recent studies have shown that obesity is a major risk factor for the development of inflammatory skin diseases, including eczema, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis. Inflammatory cytokines produced from adipose tissue and activation of innate immunity are considered as important factors in obesity-induced inflammation. However, the molecular mechanisms by which obesity affects the development of inflammatory skin diseases are not well understood. In this review, we will discuss the relationship between the underlying mechanisms linking obesity and inflammatory skin diseases based on the latest researches.

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