scholarly journals State of the Art Review of Cell Therapy in the Treatment of Lung Disease, and the Potential for Aerosol Delivery

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6435
Author(s):  
Hosanna Brave ◽  
Ronan MacLoughlin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Advanced Therapy

Respiratory and pulmonary diseases are among the leading causes of death globally. Despite tremendous advancements, there are no effective pharmacological therapies capable of curing diseases such as COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome), and COVID-19. Novel and innovative therapies such as advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) are still in early development. However, they have exhibited significant potential preclinically and clinically. There are several longitudinal studies published, primarily focusing on the use of cell therapies for respiratory diseases due to their anti-inflammatory and reparative properties, thereby hinting that they have the capability of reducing mortality and improving the quality of life for patients. The primary objective of this paper is to set out a state of the art review on the use of aerosolized MSCs and their potential to treat these incurable diseases. This review will examine selected respiratory and pulmonary diseases, present an overview of the therapeutic potential of cell therapy and finally provide insight into potential routes of administration, with a focus on aerosol-mediated ATMP delivery.

scholarly journals The Effect of Ocimum basilicum L. and Its Main Ingredients on Respiratory Disorders: An Experimental, Preclinical, and Clinical Review

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Reza Aminian ◽  
Reza Mohebbati ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory Disorders ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Ocimum basilicum L. (O. basilicum) and its constituents show anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant effects. The plant has been mainly utilized in traditional medicine for the treatment of respiratory disorders. In the present article, effects of O. basilicum and its main constituents on respiratory disorders, assessed by experimental and clinical studies, were reviewed. Relevant studies were searched in PubMed, Science Direct, Medline, and Embase databases using relevant keywords including “Ocimum basilicum,” “basilicums,” “linalool,” “respiratory disease,” “asthma,” “obstructive pulmonary disease,” “bronchodilatory,” “bronchitis,” “lung cancer,” and “pulmonary fibrosis,” and other related keywords.The reviewed articles showed both relieving and preventing effects of the plant and its ingredients on obstructive pulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and other respiratory disorders such as bronchitis, aspergillosis tuberculosis, and lung cancer. The results of the reviewed articles suggest the therapeutic potential of O. basilicum and its constituent, linalool, on respiratory disorders.

scholarly journals Cell therapy for lung disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (144) ◽  
pp. 170044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Geiger ◽  
Daniela Hirsch ◽  
Felix G. Hermann
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Besides cancer and cardiovascular diseases, lung disorders are a leading cause of morbidity and death worldwide. For many disease conditions no effective and curative treatment options are available. Cell therapies offer a novel therapeutic approach due to their inherent anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are the most studied cell product. Numerous preclinical studies demonstrate an improvement of disease-associated parameters after MSC administration in several lung disorders, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore, results from clinical studies using MSCs for the treatment of various lung diseases indicate that MSC treatment in these patients is safe. In this review we summarise the results of preclinical and clinical studies that indicate that MSCs are a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of lung diseases. Nevertheless, further investigations are required.

scholarly journals Inhibition of ErbB kinase signalling promotes resolution of neutrophilic inflammation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rahman ◽  
K. M. Henry ◽  
K. D. Herman ◽  
A. A. R Thompson ◽  
H. M. Isles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Neutrophil Apoptosis ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Neutrophilic Inflammation ◽  
Injury Model ◽  
Neutrophil Survival

AbstractNeutrophilic inflammation with prolonged neutrophil survival is common to many inflammatory conditions, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There are few specific therapies that reverse neutrophilic inflammation, but uncovering mechanisms regulating neutrophil survival is likely to identify novel therapeutic targets. Screening of 367 kinase inhibitors in human neutrophils and a zebrafish tail fin injury model identified ErbBs as common targets of compounds that accelerated inflammation resolution. The ErbB inhibitors gefitinib, CP-724714, erbstatin and tyrphostin AG825 significantly accelerated apoptosis of human neutrophils, including neutrophils from people with COPD. Neutrophil apoptosis was also increased in Tyrphostin AG825 treated-zebrafishin vivo. Tyrphostin AG825 decreased peritoneal inflammation in zymosan-treated mice, and increased lung neutrophil apoptosis and macrophage efferocytosis in a murine acute lung injury model. Tyrphostin AG825 and knockdown ofegfraanderbb2by CRISPR/Cas9 reduced inflammation in zebrafish. Our work shows that inhibitors of ErbB kinases have therapeutic potential in neutrophilic inflammatory disease.

scholarly journals The Effects of Corticosteroids on the Respiratory Microbiome: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia E. Hartmann ◽  
Werner C. Albrich ◽  
Marija Dmitrijeva ◽  
Christian R. Kahlert
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Respiratory Microbiome

Background: Since its discovery, the respiratory microbiome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple pulmonary diseases. Even though corticosteroid treatments are widely prescribed for pulmonary diseases, their effects on the respiratory microbiome are still poorly understood. This systematic review summarizes the current understanding of the effects of corticosteroids on the microbiome of the airways.Research Question: How does treatment with corticosteroids impact the respiratory microbiome?Study Design and Methods: According to the PRISMA guidelines, Embase, Medline, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were systematically searched for all observational or randomized-controlled studies comparing the microbiome parameters of patients receiving corticosteroids to those of controls. The primary outcomes of interest were changes in the diversity, composition and total burden of the respiratory microbiome as assessed by culture-independent molecular methods.Results: Out of 1,943 identified reports, five studies could be included: two on patients with asthma, two on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and one on patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. The studies were highly heterogeneous with regards to the methods used and the populations investigated. Microbiome diversity increased with corticosteroids at least transiently in three studies and decreased in one study. The effects of corticosteroids on the composition of the respiratory microbiome were significant but without a clear shared direction. A significant increase in microbial burden after corticosteroids was seen in one study.Interpretation: Data on the effect of corticosteroids on the respiratory microbiome are still limited, with considerable heterogeneity between studies. However, available data suggest that corticosteroid treatment may have significant effects on the composition and possibly the diversity of the respiratory microbiome. Further research is needed to better understand the influence of corticosteroids on the respiratory microbiome and thus better target its widespread therapeutic use.

scholarly journals Asthma and COPD Patients’ Perception of Appropriate Metered-Dose Inhaler Technique

Dose-Response ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 155932582091783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wijdan H. Ramadan ◽  
Aline Sarkis ◽  
Sandrine Sarine Aderian ◽  
Aline Milane
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Dose Inhaler ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
Metered Dose ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are chronic illnesses of the airways affecting a good number of people in Lebanon and the Middle East. Pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs) are important drug delivery systems used to treat such pulmonary diseases. Drugs proven to be valuable and effective may fail to act effectively if such inhalers are used incorrectly. The purpose of this study was to assess the technical use of pMDIs by patients with pulmonary diseases presenting to the community pharmacies in Lebanon. Methods: A structured questionnaire was developed to collect data. A total of 601 patients using drugs delivered through pMDIs and presenting to 12 Lebanese community pharmacies were recruited to participate in the research project. The questionnaire items were divided into 3 subscales: subscale 1—assessing the device preparation; subscale 2—investigating the device use; and subscale 3—examining the knowledge and use of spacers. After confirming the reliability and validity of the survey tool, patients’ responses were analyzed and compared according to many variables. Results: Many patients answered inaccurately to questions assessing both the device preparation and use. Around 40% of patients said they do not coordinate the inhalation with pressing the canister down. The mean scores were 1.72 (± 0.73) over 6 and 5.67 (± 1.44) over 7 for subscales 1 and 2, respectively. The mean total score on all questions was 7.39 over 13, with a standard deviation of 1.75. While patients’ age did not impact the results, asthmatic, well-educated, male patients had fewer wrong answers when it comes to preparing and using the device ( P < .01). Conclusions: Our study showed that many patients with asthma and COPD might not be properly using their pMDIs. Appropriate inhaler use is crucial for successful pulmonary disease management. As pMDIs are one of the most difficult devices to use, proper and tailored instructions should be given to patients.

scholarly journals Adherence to long-term oxygen therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 147997231876772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amélie Gauthier ◽  
Sarah Bernard ◽  
Emmanuelle Bernard ◽  
Serge Simard ◽  
François Maltais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Oxygen Utilization ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Daily Exposure ◽  
Long Term Oxygen Therapy

Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) has beneficial effects on survival in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and severe hypoxemia at rest. Two landmark trials suggested that these benefits depend on the time of exposure to oxygen. Patients are usually prescribed LTOT for at least 15–18 hours/day. The primary objective of this study was to determine the average daily exposure to supplemental oxygen in patients with severely hypoxemic COPD who were newly prescribed LTOT and the proportion of patients who were adherent to their prescription. The secondary objective was to identify predictors of compliance to LTOT. We performed a retrospective observational study of patients newly registered in a regional home oxygen program in Quebec, Canada, between July 1, 2013, and December 31, 2014. Daily exposure to oxygen was objectively measured from the concentrator’s counter clock. From 196 patients registered in the program during the study period, 115 contributed to the analysis. Most patients ( n = 84; 73%) were prescribed oxygen for ≥18 hours/day. Overall, the 115 patients were exposed to home oxygen for 17.8 hours/day; 60% of the patients were compliant according to our definition. Increasing age and ambulatory oxygen utilization predicted adherence to oxygen therapy. Adherence to home oxygen therapy is suboptimal. Behavioral and psychological interventions to improve compliance to LTOT should be investigated.

scholarly journals Consistency of medical record reporting of a set of indicators for proactive palliative care in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ria G Duenk ◽  
Stans C Verhagen ◽  
Mireille AE Janssen ◽  
Richard PNR Dekhuijzen ◽  
Kris CP Vissers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Acute Exacerbation ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Exact Test

To identify patients hospitalized for an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who have a poor prognosis and might benefit from proactive palliative care, a set of indicators had been developed from the literature. A patient is considered eligible for proactive palliative care when meeting ≥2 criteria of the proposed set of 11 indicators. In order to develop a doctor-friendly and patient-convenient tool, our primary objective was to examine whether these indicators are documented consistently in the medical records. Besides, percentage of patients with a poor prognosis and prognostic value were explored. We conducted a retrospective medical record review of 33 patients. Five indicators; non-invasive ventilation (NIV), comorbidity, body mass index (BMI), previous admissions for acute exacerbation COPD and age were always documented. Three indicators; hypoxaemia and/or hypercapnia, professional home care and actual forced expiratory volume1% (FEV1%) were documented in more than half of the records, whereas the clinical COPD questionnaire (CCQ), medical research council dyspnoea (MRC dyspnoea) and the surprise question were never registered. Besides, 78.8% of the patients met ≥2 criteria and there was a significant association between meeting ≥2 criteria and mortality within 1 year (one-sided Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.04). The set of indicators for proactive palliative care in patients with COPD appeared to be user-friendly and feasible.

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