scholarly journals CRISPR/Cas9 Directed Mutagenesis of OsGA20ox2 in High Yielding Basmati Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Line and Comparative Proteome Profiling of Unveiled Changes Triggered by Mutations

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gul Nawaz ◽  
Babar Usman ◽  
Neng Zhao ◽  
Yue Han ◽  
Zhihua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Absolute Quantification ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Altered Level ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

In rice, semi-dwarfism is among the most required characteristics, as it facilitates better yields and offers lodging resistance. Here, semi-dwarf rice lines lacking any residual transgene-DNA and off-target effects were generated through CRISPR/Cas9-guided mutagenesis of the OsGA20ox2 gene in a high yielding Basmati rice line, and the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) strategy was utilized to elucidate the proteomic changes in mutants. The results indicated the reduced gibberellins (GA1 and GA4) levels, plant height (28.72%), and flag leaf length, while all the other traits remained unchanged. The OsGA20ox2 expression was highly suppressed, and the mutants exhibited decreased cell length, width, and restored their plant height by exogenous GA3 treatment. Comparative proteomics of the wild-type and homozygous mutant line (GXU43_9) showed an altered level of 588 proteins, 273 upregulated and 315 downregulated, respectively. The identified differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were mainly enriched in the carbon metabolism and fixation, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, photosynthesis, and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. The proteins (Q6AWY7, Q6AWY2, Q9FRG8, Q6EPP9, Q6AWX8) associated with growth-regulating factors (GRF2, GRF7, GRF9, GRF10, and GRF11) and GA (Q8RZ73, Q9AS97, Q69VG1, Q8LNJ6, Q0JH50, and Q5MQ85) were downregulated, while the abscisic stress-ripening protein 5 (ASR5) and abscisic acid receptor (PYL5) were upregulated in mutant lines. We integrated CRISPR/Cas9 with proteomic screening as the most reliable strategy for rapid assessment of the CRISPR experiments outcomes.

scholarly journals Studies on character association among quality traits and yield components in Basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-298
Author(s):  
Amod Kumar ◽  
Shiv Kumar ◽  
Sarvendra Singh ◽  
Janeshwar Prasad ◽  
A. S. Jeena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Character Association ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

Rice is most important food crop of India and grown in different regions with differential consumer preferences for grain size, shape, aroma and cooking qualities. Therefore, crop improvement in rice not only focused on yield but also to enhance quality. Hence the present investigation was carried out with an objective of assessing the character association among twenty-two morphological and quality characters of thirty basmati rice (Oryza sativa L) genotypes. Correlation analysis revealed that Seed yield was significantly and positively associated with days to maturity (0.330**), number of tillers per plant (0.434**), number of grains per panicle (0.358**), grain weight per panicle (0.410**), and flag leaf length (0.258*).  The days to maturity exhibited a significant positive correlation with plant height, panicle length, grain weight per plant, kernel length before cooking, kernel length after cooking and L: B ratio. Tiller per plant reflected the positive and significant association with a number of grains per panicle, grain weight per panicle and grain weight per plant. Flag leaf length showed a significant positive correlation with a number of grains per panicle and grain weight per plant, while Grains per panicle was positively and significantly associated with grain weight per panicle, grain weight per plant and kernel breadth before cooking.  Grain weight per panicle exhibited a significant positive association with grain yield per plant (0.410**), kernel breadth before cooking (0.381**), 100 grain weight (0.240*) and 100 kernel weight (0.210*).  These characters could be utilized to form a selection index for improvement of the basmati rice.

scholarly journals Genetic variability, heritability for quantitative traits in upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Meghawal ◽  
G.M. Lal ◽  
Ranjana Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Field Experimentation ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

The present investigation consists of 34 genotypes with one local check (NDR-359) grown at field experimentation centre at the Department of Genetic and Plant Breeding, SHIATS, Allahabad evaluated for thirteen quantitative characters. All the genotypes differed significantly with respect to all the quantitative traits. High to moderate estimates of GCV and PCV were found for number of panicle per plant, number of tiller per plant, plant height and number of spikelet’s per panicle, indicating these traits could be use for selection in crop improvement. Plant height, number of spikelet’s per panicle, test weight and flag leaf length exhibited high values for broad sense heritability. Number of spikelet’s and plant height showed highest genetic advance coupled with high heritability, which is also exhibited by number of panicle per plant, number of tillers per plant and plant height suggesting pre dominance of additive gene action in the expression of these traits.

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY IN LOCAL BORO RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES OF BANGLADESH

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Siddique ◽  
M. Khalequzzaman ◽  
M. Z. Islam ◽  
M. S. Ahamed ◽  
E. S. M. H. Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Flag Leaf Length ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Boro Rice

Genetic diversity in 40 traditional boro rice genotypes was studied under irrigated condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster IV contained the highest number of genotypes (22) and the cluster II and V contained the lowest (1). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster III and lowest for cluster II and V. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster II and III followed by cluster II and V, cluster I and II and the lowest between cluster I and IV. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster II   showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster II could be hybridized with the genotypes of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on positive value of vector 1 and vector 2, panicle/hill had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, flag leaf length and grain length breadth ratio were obtained from cluster IV. The highest 1000-grain weight, shortest growth duration and grain breadth were found in cluster II while the lowest mean value for yield, flag leaf length, filled grains and 1000 grain weight were found in cluster V.  Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster II, III and cluster IV for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster V which would be used to produce new recombinants with desired traits.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v26i1.19980

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Local Rainfed Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Siddique ◽  
ESMH Rashid ◽  
M Khalequzzaman ◽  
MZ Islam ◽  
MS Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Rainfed Rice ◽  
Cluster Distance

Genetic diversity of 58 traditional local rice genotypes was studied under rainfed condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into nine clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster III contained the highest number of genotypes (13) and the cluster I contained the lowest (2). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster I and the lowest for cluster VII. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and IV followed by cluster IX and IV, cluster I and VI and the lowest between cluster V and III. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster IV showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster IV could be hybridized with the genotypes of other characters of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on positive value of vector 1 and vector 2, flag leaf length, plant height, panicle length and grain breath had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, 1000 grain weight and grain breath were obtained from cluster VIII. The highest plant height, flag leaf width and panicle length were found in cluster II while the lowest mean value for yield, days to flowering and maturity, unfilled grain and the highest mean value for grain length breadth ratio were found in cluster II. Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster IV and cluster VIII, cluster I and cluster IV for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster II which would be used to produce new recombinants with desired traits.   Key words: Genetic diversity; D2 analysis; cluster analysis; rice (Oryza sativa L)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v23i2.9324 Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 23(2): 41-46, 2010

scholarly journals Mapping of QTLs for source and sink associated traits under elevated CO2 in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-367
Author(s):  
Li-Ping Dai ◽  
Xue-Li Lu ◽  
Wei-Wei Zou ◽  
Chang-Jian Wang ◽  
Lan Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines ◽  
Segment Substitution ◽  
Flag Leaf Length ◽  
Source And Sink

AbstractRice source- and sink-associated traits are important for grain yield and are sensitive to environmental conditions. The continuing increase of CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere will become a major challenge for rice growth and development in the future due to changes in our climate such as extremes in temperature. To guarantee food safety, novel genetic loci need to be identified for source- and sink-associated traits that are specifically expressed under elevated CO2 conditions. Eighty chromosome segment substitution lines carrying japonica (Nipponbare) chromosome segments in the indica (9311) background were used in this study. QTL analysis was conducted for source- and sink-related traits, including flag leaf length, flag leaf width, flag leaf fresh weight, flag leaf dry weight, primary branch number, secondary branch number, grain number per panicle, panicle weight per plant, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid contents, under ambient CO2 concentrations and free-air CO2 enrichment. A total of 49 QTLs for these traits were detected on chromosomes 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, and 12 under the two conditions; the variance explained by these QTLs varied from 6.22 to 38.15%. Among these QTLs, 19 of them were detected under the natural field conditions and 30 were detected in the elevated CO2 conditions. In addition, 2 and 13 QTLs were specifically expressed in the natural and CO2-enriched conditions, respectively. Our findings have important implications on the utilization of germplasm resources for ensuring food security under elevated CO2 levels, especially for QTLs that were specifically detected under the elevated CO2 condition.

scholarly journals Studies on Heterosis, Residual Heterosis and Inbreeding Depression for Yield and Related Traits in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyamvada Chauhan ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Flag Leaf Width ◽  
Transgressive Segregants ◽  
Flag Leaf Length ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
Selection Of

Background: Selection of genotypically superior parents is most challenging task for the development of potential hybrids. In conventional plant breeding, magnitude of heterosis and inbreeding depression has been proved very effective in identifying vigorous parental combinations. Methods: The present investigation was carried out to study the heterosis, residual heterosis and inbreeding depression of forty sorghum crosses (F1s and F2s) obtained by crossing of eight restorer lines with five cytoplasmic male sterile lines in Line x Tester mating design in 2013 and 2014. Observations were recorded on morphological traits viz. days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, panicle length, panicle width, panicle weight,1000 seed weight and grain yield per plant. Result: Among all crosses, ICSA467 x UPC2 and MR750A2 x UPC2 were found to be best for most of the characters. Inbreeding depression was recorded as significantly positive for plant height for most of the crosses indicates the occurrence of transgressive segregants in F2 generation.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Characterization of Jhum Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Landraces Collected from Rangamati District in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
MZ Islam ◽  
M Khalequzzaman ◽  
MA Siddique ◽  
N Akter ◽  
MS Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Rice Landraces ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

Genetic diversity of 30 Jhum rice landraces was studied under irrigated condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for agro-morphological characters. The landraces were grouped into five clusters. The intercluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the landraces of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The principal component analysis exposed that the first five components with vector values > 1 contributed 81.14% of the total variations. The highest number (8) of landraces was observed in cluster IV and the lowest (4) in cluster II. The intra-cluster distance was maximum in cluster III (1.62) containing six landraces and minimum in cluster I (0.57) having six landraces. The highest inter cluster value was 23.44 (between cluster II and V) and the lowest was 7.29 (between cluster III and IV). The highest flag leaf length, leaf area index, filled grains per panicle were found in cluster V while the lowest culm diameter, short duration, low yielding genotypes were clubbed into cluster II. Dwarf stature and lower flag leaf length were recorded into cluster I whereas the highest plant height and panicle length were obtained from cluster IV. Based on canonical vector analysis, culm diameter, days to flowering, days to maturity and length-breadth ratio had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. Selection of parents from the clusters II and V followed by hybridization would possibly result in desirable transgressive segregants. Finally, Jhum rice landraces need to be conserved in Genebank for future breeding programmeBangladesh Rice j. 2017, 21(1): 47-57

Genetic architecture of flag leaf length and width in rice (Oryza sativa L.) revealed by association mapping

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiantao Wu ◽  
Yongwen Qi ◽  
Guanglong Hu ◽  
Jinjie Li ◽  
Zichao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Association Mapping ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.) LANDRACES OF HILLY AREAS IN BANGLADESH

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Siddique ◽  
M. Z. Islam ◽  
M. Khalequzzaman ◽  
M. S. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Grain Length ◽  
Flag Leaf Width ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

Genetic diversity in 38 traditional local rice genotypes grown as Jhum in the hilly areas was studied under rainfed condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster V contained the highest number of genotypes (12) and the cluster I and III contained the lowest (5). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster III and lowest for cluster I. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and III followed by cluster II and III, cluster III and IV and the lowest between cluster II and IV. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster III   showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster III could be hybridized with the genotypes of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on positive value of vector 1 and vector 2, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, unfilled grain panicle-1, grain length and grain length breath ratio had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for plant height, filled grains panicle-1 and yield were obtained from cluster III. The highest flag leaf width, days to 50% flowering, unfilled grain panicle-1, grain length,  grain breath and grain length breath ratio while the lowest mean value for yield were found in cluster I.  The lowest days to 50% flowering and maturity, and highest mean value for 1000-grain weight were found in cluster IV. Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster I and cluster III for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster IV which could produce new recombinants with desired traits.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v24i2.17003

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