scholarly journals Effect of Gelation Temperature on the Molecular Structure and Physicochemical Properties of the Curdlan Matrix: Spectroscopic and Microscopic Analyses

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6154
Author(s):  
Barbara Gieroba ◽  
Anna Sroka-Bartnicka ◽  
Paulina Kazimierczak ◽  
Grzegorz Kalisz ◽  
Izabela S. Pieta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Surface Sensitivity ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir And Raman

In order to determine the effect of different gelation temperatures (80 °C and 90 °C) on the structural arrangements in 1,3-β-d-glucan (curdlan) matrices, spectroscopic and microscopic approaches were chosen. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy are well-established techniques that enable the identification of functional groups in organic molecules based on their vibration modes. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a quantitative analytical method utilized in the surface study, which provided information about the elemental and chemical composition with high surface sensitivity. Contact angle goniometer was applied to evaluate surface wettability and surface free energy of the matrices. In turn, the surface topography characterization was obtained with the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Described techniques may facilitate the optimization, modification, and design of manufacturing processes (such as the temperature of gelation in the case of the studied 1,3-β-d-glucan) of the organic polysaccharide matrices so as to obtain biomaterials with desired characteristics and wide range of biomedical applications, e.g., entrapment of drugs or production of biomaterials for tissue regeneration. This study shows that the 1,3-β-d-glucan polymer sample gelled at 80 °C has a distinctly different structure than the matrix gelled at 90 °C.

scholarly journals Preparation, Thermal, and Thermo-Mechanical Characterization of Polymeric Blends Based on Di(meth)acrylate Monomers

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 878
Author(s):  
Krystyna Wnuczek ◽  
Andrzej Puszka ◽  
Łukasz Klapiszewski ◽  
Beata Podkościelna
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Polymeric Blends ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Acrylate Monomers ◽  
Synthesized Materials

This study presents the preparation and the thermo-mechanical characteristics of polymeric blends based on di(meth)acrylates monomers. Bisphenol A glycerolate diacrylate (BPA.GDA) or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) were used as crosslinking monomers. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) was used as an active solvent in both copolymerization approaches. Commercial polycarbonate (PC) was used as a modifying soluble additive. The preparation of blends and method of polymerization by using UV initiator (Irqacure® 651) was proposed. Two parallel sets of MMA-based materials were obtained. The first included more harmless linear hydrocarbons (EGDMA + MMA), whereas the second included the usually used aromatic copolymers (BPA.GDA + MMA). The influence of different amounts of PC on the physicochemical properties was discussed in detail. Chemical structures of the copolymers were confirmed by attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared (ATR/FT-IR) spectroscopy. Thermo-mechanical properties of the synthesized materials were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric (TG/DTG) analyses, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The hardness of the obtained materials was also tested. In order to evaluate the surface of the materials, their images were obtained with the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM).

scholarly journals Optical, Structural and Electrical Properties of Electrochemical Synthesis of Thin Film of Polyaniline

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Structural And Electrical Properties ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir And Raman

Polyaniline membranes of aniline were produced using an electrochemical method in a cell consisting of two poles. The effect of the vaccination was observed on the color of membranes of polyaniline, where analysis as of blue to olive green paints. The sanction of PANI was done by FT-IR and Raman techniques. The crystallinity of the models was studied by X-ray diffraction technique. The different electronic transitions of the PANI were determined by UV-VIS spectroscopy. The electrical conductivity of the manufactured samples was measured by using the four-probe technique at room temperature. Morphological studies have been determined by Atomic force microscopy (AFM). The structural studies have been measured by (SEM).

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of PLA-Micro-structured Hydroxyapatite Composite Films

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea Madalina Pandele ◽  
Andreea Constantinescu ◽  
Ionut Cristian Radu ◽  
Florin Miculescu ◽  
Stefan Ioan Voicu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Films ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Composite ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir And Raman

This article presents a facile synthesis method used to obtain new composite films based on polylactic acid and micro-structured hydroxyapatite particles. The composite films were synthesized starting from a polymeric solution in chloroform (12 wt.%) in which various concentrations of hydroxyapatite (1, 2, and 4 wt.% related to polymer) were homogenously dispersed using ultrasonication followed by solvent evaporation. The synthesized composite films were morphologically (through SEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM)) and structurally (through FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy) characterized. The thermal behavior of the composite films was also determined. The SEM and AFM analyses showed the presence of micro-structured hydroxyapatite particles in the film’s structure, as well as changes in the surface morphology. There was a significant decrease in the crystallinity of the composite films compared to the pure polymer, this being explained by a decrease in the arrangement of the polymer chains and a concurrent increase in the degree of their clutter. The presence of hydroxyapatite crystals did not have a significant influence on the degradation temperature of the composite film.

scholarly journals Cellulose-Cyclodextrin Co-Polymer for the Removal of Cyanotoxins on Water Sources

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2075
Author(s):  
Diego Gomez-Maldonado ◽  
Iris Beatriz Vega Erramuspe ◽  
Ilari Filpponen ◽  
Leena-Sisko Johansson ◽  
Salvatore Lombardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Nutrient Runoff ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Safe Limits ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Recreational Use

With increasing global water temperatures and nutrient runoff in recent decades, the blooming season of algae lasts longer, resulting in toxin concentrations that exceed safe limits for human consumption and for recreational use. From the different toxins, microcystin-LR has been reported as the main cyanotoxin related to liver cancer, and consequently its abundance in water is constantly monitored. In this work, we report a methodology for decorating cellulose nanofibrils with β-cyclodextrin or with poly(β-cyclodextrin) which were tested for the recovery of microcystin from synthetic water. The adsorption was followed by Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation monitoring (QCM-D), allowing for real-time monitoring of the adsorption behavior. A maximum recovery of 196 mg/g was obtained with the modified by cyclodextrin. Characterization of the modified substrate was confirmed with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).

A Novel Approach to the Functionalisation of Pristine Carbon Fibre Using Azomethine 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linden Servinis ◽  
Thomas R. Gengenbach ◽  
Mickey G. Huson ◽  
Luke C. Henderson ◽  
Bronwyn L. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Cycloaddition Reaction ◽  
Fibre Surface ◽  
Single Fibre ◽  
Dipolar Cycloaddition ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Matrix

We demonstrate the utilisation of an azomethine 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with carbon fibre to graft complex molecules onto the fibre surface. In an effort to enhance the interfacial interaction of the fibre to the matrix, the functionalised fibres possessed a pendant amine that is able to interact with epoxy resins. Functionalisation was supported by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and the grafting process had no detrimental effects on tensile strength compared with the control (untreated) fibres. Also, microscopic roughness (as determined by atomic force microscopy) and fibre topography were unchanged after the described treatment process. This methodology complements existing methodology aimed at enhancing the surface of carbon fibres for advanced material applications while not compromising the desirable strength profile. Single-fibre fragmentation tests show a statistically significant decrease in fragment length compared with the control fibres in addition to transverse cracking within the curing resin, both of which indicate an enhanced interaction between fibre and resin.

scholarly journals Adsorption Behaviour of Tween80 on Graphite

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hou Qing-Feng ◽  
Lu Xian-Cai ◽  
Hu Bo-Xing ◽  
Shen Jian
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Adsorption Behaviour ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Defect Sites ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Step Defect

Techniques including thermogravimetry (TG), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were applied to characterize the adsorption behaviour of Tween80 on graphite. TG is a suitable method for determining the amount of Tween80 adsorbed since it is not restricted by the large amount of solvent adsorbed in this disperse system. The results indicate that TG may provide an alternative method for measuring the amount adsorbed in some disperse systems in which there are significant differences between the thermal behaviours of the adsorbate, adsorbent and solvent. The adsorption isotherms of Tween80 were of the Langmuir type, with the adsorbed amount attaining a maximum value at temperatures between 30°C and 50°C. XPS and FT-IR measurements were used to provide detailed information about the functional group shift. In addition, AFM images indicated that the adsorption of Tween80 has a considerable influence on the topography of graphite, with the adsorbate being adsorbed preferentially on the step defect sites at the edge of the graphite crystal.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Ag2S Layers Formed on Polypropylene

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Krylova ◽  
Nijolė Dukštienė
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Precursor Solution ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Thiamine Hydrochloride ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Spectra Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Silver Sulphide

Silver sulphide, Ag2S, layers on the surface of polypropylene (PP) film was formed by chemical bath deposition method (CBD). Film samples were characterised by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The surface morphology, texture, and uniformity of the silver sulphide layers were formed on PP surface dependent on the number of polymer immersions in the precursor solution. XPS analysis confirmed that on the surface of the polypropylene film, a layer of Ag2S was formed. ATR-FTIR and FTIR spectra analysis showed that the surface of Ag2S layers is slightly oxidized. All prepared layers gave multiple XRD reflections, corresponding to monoclinic Ag2S (acanthite). The Ag2S layer on polypropylene was characterized as an Ag+ion selective electrode in terms of potential response and detection limit. The electrode was also tested as an end-point electrode for argentometric titration of thiamine hydrochloride.

Evaluation of Some New Synthesized Surfactants Based on Maleic Acid as Inhibitors for Low Carbon Steel (LCS) Corrosion in 1.0 M HCl Solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-199
Author(s):  
Abd El-Aziz El-Sayed Fouda ◽  
El-Sayed Gmal Zaki ◽  
Mohamed Ahmed Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Inhibition Efficiency ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Activated State ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Polarization Studies

AbstractSome surfactants were synthesized, its chemical structures were checked using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FT-IR). The investigation of inhibition efficiency (IE%) for dissolution of (LCS) in 1.0 M HCl with and without various concentrations of these compounds were done using electrochemical and non-electrochemical methods. Measured data depends on temperature, concentration, and nature of the substance. These compounds were adsorbed on LCS surface following Temkin isotherm. Polarization studies illustrated that these surfactants act as mixed inhibitors (anodic and cathodic). The effect of these inhibitors on LCS surface morphology’s was detected by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), ATR-IR (Attenuated total reflection Infra-red) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) techniques. The parameters in an activated state of LCS were studied and estimated. All data techniques were compatible and matched.

Surface Changes after Silver Formation on a Precoated Surface with Polyaniline for Textile Metallization

2012 ◽  
Vol 441 ◽  
pp. 304-308
Author(s):  
Ya Ping Zhao ◽  
Zai Sheng Cai ◽  
Xiao Lan Fu
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Metallic Elements ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ag Deposition ◽  
Surface Changes

Silver (Ag) deposition was performed on a polyaniline-precoated surface for textile metallization. Polyaniline was utilized as an intermediate layer on fabrics to facilitate Ag formation. Inductivily coupled plasma atomic emission spectgrometry (ICP-AES) was used to monitor the content of metallic elements on Ag-laden polyaniline layers prepared under different conditions of polyaniline fomation. The surface modification of the samples before and after Ag plating was characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).

scholarly journals Utilisation of Carp Skin Post-Production Waste in Binary Films Based on Furcellaran and Chitosan to Obtain Packaging Materials for Storing Blueberries

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 7848
Author(s):  
Magdalena Janik ◽  
Ewelina Jamróz ◽  
Joanna Tkaczewska ◽  
Lesław Juszczak ◽  
Piotr Kulawik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Food Protection ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Gelatin Hydrolysate ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Biopolymer Film

The aim of the study was to develop and characterise an innovative three-component biopolymer film based on chitosan (CHIT), furcellaran (FUR) and a gelatin hydrolysate from carp skins (Cyprinus carpio) (HGEL). The structure and morphology were characterised using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The FT-IR test showed no changes in the matrix after the addition of HGEL, which indicates that the film components were compatible. Based on the obtained AFM results, it was found that the addition of HGEL caused the formation of grooves and cracks on the surface of the film (reduction by ~21%). The addition of HGEL improved the antioxidant activity of the film (improvement by up to 2.318% and 444% of DPPH and FRAP power, respectively). Due to their properties, the tested films were used as active materials in the preservation of American blueberries. In the active films, the blueberries lost mass quickly compared to the synthetic film and were characterised by higher phenol content. The results obtained in this study create the opportunity to use the designed CHIT–FUR films in developing biodegradable packaging materials for food protection, but it is necessary to test their effectiveness on other food products.

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