scholarly journals Consumption of Wild Rice (Zizania latifolia) Prevents Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease through the Modulation of the Gut Microbiota in Mice Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5375
Author(s):  
Xiao-Dong Hou ◽  
Ning Yan ◽  
Yong-Mei Du ◽  
Hui Liang ◽  
Zhong-Feng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Wild Rice ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
16S Rrna Pyrosequencing

Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) due to excess weight and obesity threatens public health worldwide. Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to obesity and related diseases. The cholesterol-lowering, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of wild rice have been reported in several studies; however, whether it has beneficial effects on the gut microbiota is unknown. Here, we show that wild rice reduces body weight, liver steatosis, and low-grade inflammation, and improves insulin resistance in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. High-throughput 16S rRNA pyrosequencing demonstrated that wild rice treatment significantly changed the gut microbiota composition in mice fed an HFD. The richness and diversity of the gut microbiota were notably decreased upon wild rice consumption. Compared with a normal chow diet (NCD), HFD feeding altered 117 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), and wild rice supplementation reversed 90 OTUs to the configuration in the NCD group. Overall, our results suggest that wild rice may be used as a probiotic agent to reverse HFD-induced MAFLD through the modulation of the gut microbiota.

Sinapine reduces non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice by modulating the composition of the gut microbiota

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 3637-3649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youdong Li ◽  
Jinwei Li ◽  
Qingfeng Su ◽  
Yuanfa Liu
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and intestinal dysbiosis.

scholarly journals Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) as Model of Gut–Liver Axis Interaction: From Pathophysiology to Potential Target of Treatment for Personalized Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6485
Author(s):  
Francesca Fianchi ◽  
Antonio Liguori ◽  
Antonio Gasbarrini ◽  
Antonio Grieco ◽  
Luca Miele
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Diagnostic Potential

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of liver disease worldwide, affecting both adults and children and will result, in the near future, as the leading cause of end-stage liver disease. Indeed, its prevalence is rapidly increasing, and NAFLD is becoming a major public health concern. For this reason, great efforts are needed to identify its pathogenetic factors and new therapeutic approaches. In the past decade, enormous advances understanding the gut–liver axis―the complex network of cross-talking between the gut, microbiome and liver through the portal circulation―have elucidated its role as one of the main actors in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Indeed, evidence shows that gut microbiota is involved in the development and progression of liver steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis seen in the context of NAFLD, as well as in the process of hepatocarcinogenesis. As a result, gut microbiota is currently emerging as a non-invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of disease and for the assessment of its severity. Additionally, to its enormous diagnostic potential, gut microbiota is currently studied as a therapeutic target in NAFLD: several different approaches targeting the gut homeostasis such as antibiotics, prebiotics, probiotics, symbiotics, adsorbents, bariatric surgery and fecal microbiota transplantation are emerging as promising therapeutic options.

scholarly journals Differences in metabolic and liver pathobiology induced by two dietary mouse models of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 319 (5) ◽  
pp. E863-E876
Author(s):  
Hannah Zhang ◽  
Mélissa Léveillé ◽  
Emilie Courty ◽  
Aysim Gunes ◽  
Bich N. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing epidemic linked to metabolic disease. The first stage of NAFLD is characterized by lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, but this can progress into nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Western diets, high in fats, sugars, and cholesterol, are linked to NAFLD development. Murine models are often used to study NAFLD; however, there remains debate on which diet-induced model best mimics both human disease progression and pathogenesis. In this study, we performed a side-by-side comparison of two popular diet models of murine NAFLD/NASH and associated HCC, a high-fat diet supplemented with 30% fructose water (HFHF) and a Western diet high in cholesterol (WDHC), and these were compared with a common grain-based chow diet (GBD). Mice on both experimental diets developed liver steatosis, and WDHC-fed mice had greater levels of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis than HFHF-fed mice. In contrast, HFHF-fed mice were more obese and developed more severe metabolic syndrome, with less pronounced liver disease. Despite these differences, WDHC-fed and HFHF-fed mice had similar tumor burdens in a model of diet-potentiated liver cancer. Response to diet and resulting phenotypes were generally similar between sexes, albeit delayed in females. This study shows that modest differences in diet can significantly uncouple glucose homeostasis and liver damage. In conclusion, long-term feeding of either HFHF or WDHC is a reliable method to induce NASH and diet-potentiated liver cancer in mice of both sexes; however, the choice of diet involves a trade-off between severity of metabolic syndrome and liver damage.

scholarly journals Soluble Polysaccharide Derived from Laminaria japonica Attenuates Obesity-Related Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Associated with Gut Microbiota Regulation

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 699
Author(s):  
Yiping Zhang ◽  
Longhe Yang ◽  
Nannan Zhao ◽  
Zhuan Hong ◽  
Bing Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Laminaria Japonica ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

In this study, the effects of a polysaccharide derived from Laminaria japonica (LJP) on obesity were investigated in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). LJP significantly attenuated obesity-related features, lowering serum triglycerides, glucose, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. HFD-induced liver steatosis and hepatocellular ballooning were significantly attenuated by LJP. Additionally, LJP was found to significantly modulate hepatic gene expressions of AMPK and HMGCR, which are key regulators of lipid and cholesterol metabolism. We further found that LJP ameliorated HFD-induced gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis by significantly reducing the obesity-related Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio, meanwhile promoting the growth of Verrucomicrobia at the phylum level. At the genus level, propionate-producing bacteria Bacteroides and Akkermansia were elevated by LJP, which might explain the result that LJP elevated fecal propionate concentration. Taken together, these findings suggest that dietary intake of LJP modulates hepatic energy homeostasis to alleviate obesity-related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease associated with GM regulation.

scholarly journals Resveratrol Improves Liver Steatosis and Insulin Resistance in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Association With the Gut Microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Du ◽  
Rongfeng Huang ◽  
Dan Lin ◽  
Yuying Wang ◽  
Xiaohuang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Resveratrol (RSV) is a potential alternative therapy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that has been evaluated in many clinical trials, but the mechanisms of RSV action have not been fully elucidated. Recent studies suggested that the gut microbiota is an important RSV target; therefore, we speculated that the gut microbiota might mediate the beneficial effects of RSV in NAFLD. To verify this hypothesis, we established a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD mouse model, which was subjected to RSV gavage to evaluate the therapeutic effects. We observed that RSV reduced liver steatosis and insulin resistance in NAFLD. RSV significantly changed the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota according to 16S rRNA sequencing. Gut microbiota gene function prediction showed that the enrichment of pathways related to lipid and glucose metabolism decreased after RSV treatment. Furthermore, correlation analysis indicated that the improvements in NAFLD metabolic indicators were closely related to the altered gut microbiota. We further fermented RSV with the gut microbiota in vitro to verify that RSV directly affected the gut microbiota. Our data suggested that the gut microbiota might be an important target through which RSV exerts its anti-NAFLD effect.

scholarly journals Probiotics and Prebiotics as a Strategy for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, a Narrative Review

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1719
Author(s):  
Valentina Castillo ◽  
Fernanda Figueroa ◽  
Karoll González-Pizarro ◽  
Paz Jopia ◽  
Claudia Ibacache-Quiroga
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Risks Factors ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic non-communicable disease, with a prevalence of 25% worldwide. This pathology is a multifactorial illness, and is associated with different risks factors, including hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Beside these predisposing features, NAFLD has been related to changes in the microbiota, which favor the disease progression. In this context, the modulation of the gut microbiota has emerged as a new therapeutic target for the prophylaxis and treatment of NAFLD. This review describes the changes in the gut microbiota associated with NAFLD and the effect of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on the gut microbiota, liver damage, anthropometric parameters, blood lipids, inflammation markers and insulin resistance in these patients.

Non-Invasive Approaches to Estimate Liver Steatosis and Stiffness in Children with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshifumi Yodoshi ◽  
Sarah Orkin ◽  
Andrew T. Trout ◽  
Ana Catalina Arce-Clachar ◽  
Kristin Bramlage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Gut microbiota and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a narrative review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludovico Abenavoli ◽  
Anna C. Procopio ◽  
Emidio Scarpellini ◽  
Natale Polimeni ◽  
Isabella Aquila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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