scholarly journals Identification and Expression Analysis of Hormone Biosynthetic and Metabolism Genes in the 2OGD Family for Identifying Genes That May Be Involved in Tomato Fruit Ripening

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5344
Author(s):  
Qiangqiang Ding ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Juan Xue ◽  
Xinxin Yang ◽  
Junmiao Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Protein Family ◽  
Protein Families ◽  
Tomato Fruit Ripening ◽  
Fruit Development And Ripening ◽  
Hormone Biosynthesis ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Phytohormones play important roles in modulating tomato fruit development and ripening. The 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (2OGD) superfamily containing several subfamilies involved in hormone biosynthesis and metabolism. In this study, we aimed to identify hormone biosynthesis and metabolism-related to 2OGD proteins in tomato and explored their roles in fruit development and ripening. We identified nine 2OGD protein subfamilies involved in hormone biosynthesis and metabolism, including the gibberellin (GA) biosynthetic protein families GA20ox and GA3ox, GA degradation protein families C19-GA2ox and C20-GA2ox, ethylene biosynthetic protein family ACO, auxin degradation protein family DAO, jasmonate hydroxylation protein family JOX, salicylic acid degradation protein family DMR6, and strigolactone biosynthetic protein family LBO. These genes were differentially expressed in different tomato organs. The GA degradation gene SlGA2ox2, and the auxin degradation gene SlDAO1, showed significantly increased expression from the mature-green to the breaker stage during tomato fruit ripening, accompanied by decreased endogenous GA and auxin, indicating that SlGA2ox2 and SlDAO1 were responsible for the reduced GA and auxin concentrations. Additionally, exogenous gibberellin 3 (GA3) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) treatment of mature-green fruits delayed fruit ripening and increased the expression of SlGA2ox2 and SlDAO1, respectively. Therefore, SlGA2ox2 and SlDAO1 are implicated in the degradation of GAs and auxin during tomato fruit ripening.

scholarly journals In vitro Tomato Fruit Cultures Demonstrate a Role for Indole-3-acetic Acid in Regulating Fruit Ripening

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 520-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry D. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
In Vitro System ◽  
Auxin Conjugates ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

An in vitro system was used for the production of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) fruit in culture starting from immature flowers. This system produced small parthenocarpic (seedless) fruit in response to 10-4m indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) supplied in the medium. Other auxins, auxin conjugates and antiauxins tested were not effective or produced markedly fewer fruit. Additional IAA supplied to the fruit culture media before breaker stage resulted in an increase in the time period between breaker and red-ripe stages from 7 days without additional IAA to 12 days when 10-5m IAA was added. These results suggest that significant changes in the ripening period could be obtained by alteration of auxin relationships in tomato fruit.

Activities of glycosidases during fruit development and ripening of tomato (Lycopersicum esculantum L.): implication in fruit ripening

Plant Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 166 (6) ◽  
pp. 1451-1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Badamaranahalli H. Jagadeesh ◽  
Tyakal N. Prabha ◽  
Krishnapura Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Fruit Development And Ripening

scholarly journals Changes in Photosynthetic Capacity and Photosynthetic Protein Pattern during Tomato Fruit Ripening

1987 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 911-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit Piechulla ◽  
Richard E. Glick ◽  
Hubert Bahl ◽  
Anastasios Melis ◽  
Wilhelm Gruissem
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Tomato Fruit Ripening

Bio-speckle activity applied to the assessment of tomato fruit ripening

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.G. Romero ◽  
C.C. Martinez ◽  
E.E. Alanís ◽  
G.A. Salazar ◽  
V.G. Broglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Tomato Fruit Ripening

scholarly journals Infection Strategies Deployed by Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium acuminatum, and Rhizopus stolonifer as a Function of Tomato Fruit Ripening Stage

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Petrasch ◽  
Christian J. Silva ◽  
Saskia D. Mesquida-Pesci ◽  
Karina Gallegos ◽  
Casper van den Abeele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Ripening Stage ◽  
Fusarium Acuminatum ◽  
Tomato Fruit Ripening

scholarly journals Potato Virus X-induced LeHB-1 Silencing Delays Tomato Fruit Ripening

2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (6) ◽  
pp. 454-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Wang ◽  
Bishun Ye ◽  
Xiangpeng Kang ◽  
Ting Zhou ◽  
Tongfei Lai
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Genetic Trait ◽  
Tomato Fruit Ripening ◽  
Homeobox Protein ◽  
Complex Genetic Trait

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit ripening is a complex genetic trait correlating with notable fruit phenotypic, physiologic, and biochemical changes. Transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles during this process. LeHB-1, an HD-zip homeobox protein, is a ripening-related TF and acts as an important regulator of fruit ripening. However, the detailed biochemical and molecular basis of LeHB-1 on tomato fruit ripening is unclear. In the current study, the biologic functions of LeHB-1 were determined by a potato virus X (PVX)-mediated gene-silencing approach. The results indicate that PVX-induced LeHB-1 silencing in tomato could decrease pigment accumulation and delay fruit ripening. Compared with controls, nonripening flesh retains a greater pH value and a lesser anthocyanin content. By evaluating expression levels of genes related to tomato fruit ripening, we inferred that LeHB-1 located at the downstream of LeMADS-RIN-mediated regulatory network. In addition, LeHB-1 silencing mainly disturbed phytoene desaturation and isomerization, and led to a decrease in trans-lycopene accumulation, but did not influence flavonoid biosynthesis directly in tomato fruit. The findings provide a theoretical foundation for illustrating the biologic functions of LeHB-1 in tomato fruit ripening and quality.

scholarly journals Transcriptome profiling by RNA-Seq reveals differentially expressed genes related to fruit development and ripening characteristics in strawberries (Fragaria×ananassa)

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panpan Hu ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
Xia Zhao ◽  
Fengli Zhao ◽  
Liangjie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Cell Wall Modification ◽  
Ripening Process ◽  
Fruit Development And Ripening

Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is an ideal plant for fruit development and ripening research due to the rapid substantial changes in fruit color, aroma, taste, and softening. To gain deeper insights into the genes that play a central regulatory role in strawberry fruit development and ripening characteristics, transcriptome profiling was performed for the large green fruit, white fruit, turning fruit, and red fruit stages of strawberry. A total of 6,608 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with 2,643 up-regulated and 3,965 down-regulated genes were identified in the fruit development and ripening process. The DEGs related to fruit flavonoid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose biosynthesis, the citrate cycle, and cell-wall modification enzymes played important roles in the fruit development and ripening process. Particularly, some candidate genes related to the ubiquitin mediated proteolysis pathway and MADS-box were confirmed to be involved in fruit development and ripening according to their possible regulatory functions. A total of fiveubiquitin-conjugating enzymesand 10MADS-box transcription factorswere differentially expressed between the four fruit ripening stages. The expression levels of DEGs relating to color, aroma, taste, and softening of fruit were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Our study provides important insights into the complicated regulatory mechanism underlying the fruit ripening characteristics inFragaria × ananassa.

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