scholarly journals Metabolomic Fingerprinting of Potato Cultivars Differing in Susceptibility to Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea Root Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3788
Author(s):  
Moleboheng Lekota ◽  
Kehumile J. Modisane ◽  
Zeno Apostolides ◽  
Jacquie E. van der Waals
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Resistance ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Spongospora Subterranea ◽  
Root Infection ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Metabolite Abundance

Plants defend themselves from pathogens by producing bioactive defense chemicals. The biochemical mechanisms relating to quantitative resistance of potato to root infection by Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea (Sss) are, however, not understood, and are not efficiently utilized in potato breeding programs. Untargeted metabolomics using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was used to elucidate the biochemical mechanisms of susceptibility to Sss root infection. Potato roots and root exudate metabolic profiles of five tolerant cultivars were compared with those of five susceptible cultivars, following Sss inoculation, to identify tolerance-related metabolites. Comparison of the relative metabolite abundance of tolerant versus susceptible cultivars revealed contrasting responses to Sss infection. Metabolites belonging to amino acids, organic acids, fatty acids, phenolics, and sugars, as well as well-known cell wall thickening compounds were putatively identified and were especially abundant in the tolerant cultivars relative to the susceptible cultivars. Metabolites known to activate plant secondary defense metabolism were significantly increased in the tolerant cultivars compared to susceptible cultivars following Sss inoculation. Root-exuded compounds belonging to the chemical class of phenolics were also found in abundance in the tolerant cultivars compared to susceptible cultivars. This study illustrated that Sss infection of potato roots leads to differential expression of metabolites in tolerant and susceptible potato cultivars.

scholarly journals Integrated UPLC-HRMS, Chemometric Tools, and Metabolomic Analysis of Forage Palm (Opuntia spp. and Nopalea spp.) to Define Biomarkers Associated with Non‑Susceptibility to Carmine Cochineal (Dactylopius opuntiae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Kelvin Matos ◽  
Jhonyson Guedes ◽  
Elenilson Alves Filho ◽  
Licia Luz ◽  
Gisele Simone Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Palm Species ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Nopalea Cochenillifera ◽  
Chemometric Tools

Metabolomics, together with analytical methods and chemometric tools, point to new paths for selecting species that are resistant to pests and diseases. In this work, the forage palm species’ metabolomic profile was investigated, and the relation between the chemical composition and resistance to Dactylopius opuntiae (carmine cochineal). The study was performed in cladodes of different non-susceptible cultivars (Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck, Opuntia stricta (Haw.), Nopalea cochenillifera and susceptible cultivar (Opuntia ficus‑indica (L.) Mill.)). Metabolic profile showed 28 metabolites detected in the four species. From these total, 18 metabolites were annotated using UPLC‑QTOF‑MSE (ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization quadrupole time‑of-flight mass spectrometry operating in MSE mode). By comparing the chemical profiles of non-susceptible and susceptible species through the application of chemometric tools, it was possible to obtain biomarkers (quercetin-3‑O‑2’,6’‑dirhamnosylglucoside, quercetin rhamnosyl dihexoside, and isorhamnetin-3-sophoroside-7‑rhamnoside) that may be associated with resistance to carmine cochineal. Metabolomics based on UPLC-QTOF-MSE and chemometric allowed to establish the biomarkers knowledge of the resistance present in forage palm species. These results contribute to developing the initial understanding of flavonoids’ role in the defense mechanisms of cactaceans and can be useful for application in breeding programs; it can increase the chances of success in creating new varieties of plants not susceptible to carmine cochineal.

scholarly journals Qualitative and semi-quantitative assessment of anthocyanins in Tibetan hulless barley from different geographical locations by UPLC-QTOF-MS and their antioxidant capacities

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tangwei Zhang ◽  
Jialin Ma ◽  
Xuelian Wu ◽  
Zhihua Hao ◽  
Ci Dun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Hulless Barley ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Antioxidant Capacities ◽  
Tibetan Hulless Barley ◽  
Geographical Locations

Abstract Tibetan hulless barley (“qingke” in Chinese) is a valuable food in Tibet. Purple qingke (PQK) and black qingke (BQK), two special pigmented types of hulless barley, have traditionally been widely cultivated and consumed in Tibet for thousands of years. The composition and contents of anthocyanins of two cultivars are unknown. This study aimed to explore the composition and contents of anthocyanins of two cultivars and their antioxidant capacities. Six anthocyanins were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry from barley, most of the anthocyanins were acylated by malonyl group. The total anthocyanin contents ranged from 141 to 2,304 μg/g in PQK and from 248.7 to 2902.9 μg/g in BQK. Furthermore, qingke has strong antioxidant activity against DPPH, ABTS˙+, and FRAP. Qingke may be useful for treating or preventing diseases caused by the overproduction of radicals.

scholarly journals Simultaneous determination of various platycosides in Four Platycodon grandiflorum cultivars by UPLC-QTOF/MS

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dae Young Lee ◽  
Bo-Ram Choi ◽  
Jae Won Lee ◽  
Yurry Um ◽  
Dahye Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Platycodon Grandiflorum ◽  
Pentacyclic Triterpenoid ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Platycodi Radix ◽  
Isomeric Pairs ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract In Platycodi Radix (root of Platycodon grandiflorum), there are a number of platycosides that consist of a pentacyclic triterpenoid aglycone and two sugar moieties. Due to the pharmacological activities of platycosides, it is critical to assess their contents in PR, and develop an effective method to profile various platycosides is required. In this study, an analytical method based on ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) with an in-house library was developed and applied to profile various platycosides from four different Platycodi Radix cultivars. As a result, platycosides, including six isomeric pairs, were successfully analyzed in the PRs. In the principal component analysis, several platycosides were represented as main variables to differentiate the four Platycodi Radix cultivars. Their different levels of platycosides were also represented by relative quantification. Finally, this study indicated the proposed method based on the UPLC-QTOF/MS can be an effective tool for identifying the detail characterization of various platycosides in the Platycodi Radix.

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