scholarly journals The Cell Wall PAC (Proline-Rich, Arabinogalactan Proteins, Conserved Cysteines) Domain-Proteins Are Conserved in the Green Lineage

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Nguyen-Kim ◽  
Hélène San Clemente ◽  
Josef Laimer ◽  
Peter Lackner ◽  
Gabriele Gadermaier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Arabinogalactan Proteins ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Molecular Scaffolds ◽  
Pectic Polysaccharides ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Loop Regions ◽  
Green Lineage

Plant cell wall proteins play major roles during plant development and in response to environmental cues. A bioinformatic search for functional domains has allowed identifying the PAC domain (Proline-rich, Arabinogalactan proteins, conserved Cysteines) in several proteins (PDPs) identified in cell wall proteomes. This domain is assumed to interact with pectic polysaccharides and O-glycans and to contribute to non-covalent molecular scaffolds facilitating the remodeling of polysaccharidic networks during rapid cell expansion. In this work, the characteristics of the PAC domain are described in detail, including six conserved Cys residues, their spacing, and the predicted secondary structures. Modeling has been performed based on the crystal structure of a Plantago lanceolata PAC domain. The presence of β-sheets is assumed to ensure the correct folding of the PAC domain as a β-barrel with loop regions. We show that PDPs are present in early divergent organisms from the green lineage and in all land plants. PAC domains are associated with other types of domains: Histidine-rich, extensin, Proline-rich, or yet uncharacterized. The earliest divergent organisms having PDPs are Bryophytes. Like the complexity of the cell walls, the number and complexity of PDPs steadily increase during the evolution of the green lineage. The association of PAC domains with other domains suggests a neo-functionalization and different types of interactions with cell wall polymers

scholarly journals Intermolecular interactions between glycomodules of plant cell wall arabinogalactan-proteins and extensins

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Tan ◽  
David Tees ◽  
Jin Qian ◽  
Sulaiman Kareem ◽  
Marcia J. Kieliszewski
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Intermolecular Interactions ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Arabinogalactan Proteins

Evolution of plant cell wall: Arabinogalactan-proteins from three moss genera show structural differences compared to seed plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 227-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desirée Bartels ◽  
Alexander Baumann ◽  
Malte Maeder ◽  
Thomas Geske ◽  
Esther Marie Heise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Arabinogalactan Proteins ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
Structural Differences

scholarly journals In silico and expression analyses of fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins reveal functional conservation during embryo and seed development

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Costa ◽  
Ana Marta Pereira ◽  
Sara Cristina Pinto ◽  
Jessy Silva ◽  
Luís Gustavo Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Arabinogalactan Proteins ◽  
Cork Oak ◽  
Functional Domain ◽  
Functional Conservation

Key message The fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins organization into four groups is conserved and may be related to specific roles in developmental processes across angiosperms. Abstract Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (FLAs) are a subclass of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), which contain fasciclin-like domains in addition to typical AGP domains. FLAs are present across all embryophytes, and despite their low overall sequence similarity, conserved regions that define the fasciclin functional domain (FAS) have been identified, suggesting that the cell adhesion property is also conserved. FLAs in Arabidopsis have been organized into four subgroups according to the number and distribution of functional domains. Recent studies associated FLAs with cell wall-related processes where domain organization seemed to be related to functional roles. In Arabidopsis, FLAs containing a single FAS domain were found to be important for the integrity and elasticity of the plant cell wall matrix, and FLAs with two FAS domains and two AGP domains were found to be involved in maintaining proper cell expansion under salt stress conditions. The main purpose of the present work was to elucidate the expression pattern of selected FLA genes during embryo and seed development using RT-qPCR. AtFLA8 and AtFLA10, two Arabidopsis genes that stood out in previous microarray studies of embryo development, were further examined using promoter-driven gene reporter analyses. We also studied the expression of cork oak FLA genes and found that their expression partially parallels the expression patterns of the putative AtFLA orthologs. We propose that the functional organization of FLAs is conserved and may be related to fundamental aspects of embryogenesis and seed development across angiosperms. Phylogenetic studies were performed, and we show that the same basic four-subgroup organization described for Arabidopsis FLA gene classification is valid for most Arabidopsis FLA orthologs of several plant species, namely poplar, corn and cork oak.

scholarly journals Arabinogalactan-Proteins from the Liverwort Marchantia polymorpha L., a Member of a Basal Land Plant Lineage, Are Structurally Different to Those of Angiosperms

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Happ ◽  
Classen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Arabinogalactan Proteins ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Terrestrial Life ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

The thalloid liverwort Marchantia polymorpha as a member of a basal land plant lineage has to cope with the challenge of terrestrial life. Obviously, the plant cell wall has been strongly involved in the outstanding evolutionary process of water-to-land-transition. AGPs are signaling glycoproteins of the cell wall, which seem to be ubiquitous in seed plants and might play a role in adaption to abiotic and biotic stress situations. Therefore, we investigated the cell wall composition of Marchantia polymorpha with special focus on structural characterization of arabinogalactan-proteins. The Marchantia AGP shows typical features known from seed plant AGPs like precipitation with β-glucosyl-Yariv’s reagent, a protein moiety with hydroxyproline and a carbohydrate part with 1,3,6-linked galactose and terminal arabinose residues. On the other hand, striking differences to AGPs of angiosperms are the occurrence of terminal 3-O-methyl-rhamnose and a highly branched galactan lacking appreciable amounts of 1,6-linked galactose. Binding of different AGP-antibodies (JIM13, KM1, LM2, LM6, LM14, LM26, and MAC207) to Marchantia AGP was investigated and confirmed structural differences between liverwort and angiosperm AGP, possibly due to deviating functions of these signaling molecules in the different taxonomic groups.

In vitro and in vivo polysaccharides assembly: ultrastructural and cytochemical study of growing plant cell wall components.

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
D. Reis ◽  
B. Vian ◽  
J. C. Roland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Wall Components

Wall morphogenesis in higher plants is a problem still open to controversy. Until now the possibility of a transmembrane control and the involvement of microtubules were mostly envisaged. Self-assembly processes have been observed in the case of walls of Chlamydomonas and bacteria. Spontaneous gelling interactions between xanthan and galactomannan from Ceratonia have been analyzed very recently. The present work provides indications that some processes of spontaneous aggregation could occur in higher plants during the formation and expansion of cell wall.Observations were performed on hypocotyl of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) for which growth characteristics and wall composition have been previously defined.In situ, the walls of actively growing cells (primary walls) show an ordered three-dimensional organization (fig. 1). The wall is typically polylamellate with multifibrillar layers alternately transverse and longitudinal. Between these layers intermediate strata exist in which the orientation of microfibrils progressively rotates. Thus a progressive change in the morphogenetic activity occurs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document