scholarly journals Melatonin Modulates Dendrite Maturation and Complexity in the Dorsal- and Ventral- Dentate Gyrus Concomitantly with Its Antidepressant-Like Effect in Male Balb/C Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Bernabé Ramírez-Rodríguez ◽  
Diana Montserrat Palacios-Cabriales ◽  
Leonardo Ortiz-López ◽  
Erika Montserrat Estrada-Camarena ◽  
Nelly Maritza Vega-Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Main Product ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Ventral Region ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Dendritic Trees ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
Newborn Neurons ◽  
The Impact

Adult neurogenesis occurs in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus. New neurons help to counteract the effects of stress and several interventions including antidepressant drugs, environmental modifications and internal factors act pro-neurogenic with consequences in the dorsal and ventral DG. Melatonin, the main product synthesized by the pineal gland, induces antidepressant-like effects and modulates several events of the neurogenic process. However, the information related to the capability of melatonin to modulate dendrite maturation and complexity in the dorsal and ventral regions of the DG and their correlation with its antidepressant-like effect is absent. Thus, in this study, we analyzed the impact of melatonin (0, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5 or 10 mg/kg) administered daily for fourteen days on the number, dendrite complexity and distribution of doublecortin (DCX)-cells in the dorsal-ventral regions of the DG in male Balb/C mice. Doublecortin is a microtubule-associated protein that is expressed during the course of dendritic maturation of newborn neurons. Also, we analyzed the impact of melatonin on despair-like behavior in the forced swim test. We first found a significant increase in the number and higher dendrite complexity, mainly with the doses of 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg of melatonin (81%, 122%, 78%). These cells showed more complex dendritic trees in the ventral- and the dorsal- DG. Concomitantly, the doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg of melatonin decreased depressant-like behavior (76%, 82%). Finally, the data corroborate the antidepressant-like effect of melatonin and the increasing number of doublecortin-associated cells. Besides, the data indicate that melatonin favors the number and dendrite complexity of DCX-cells in the dorsal- and ventral- region of the DG, which may explain part of the antidepressant-like effect of melatonin.

Profile of a short-acting κ-antagonist, LY2795050, on self-grooming behaviors, forced swim test and locomotor activity: sex comparison in mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 026988112199688
Author(s):  
Eduardo R Butelman ◽  
Caroline Baynard ◽  
Bryan D McElroy ◽  
Thomas E Prisinzano ◽  
Mary Jeanne Kreek
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Short Acting ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
Central Nervous System Dysfunction ◽  
Forced Swim ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Κ Receptor

Background: Novel short-acting κ(kappa)-opioid receptor selective antagonists are translational tools to examine the impact of the κ-receptor/dynorphin system in assays related to central nervous system dysfunction (e.g., substance use disorders, anhedonia and depression). The effects of such compounds have been compared in males and females under very limited conditions. Aims: The goal of this study was to examine potential sex differences in the effects of a κ-agonist and a short-acting κ-antagonist in an ethologically relevant test of anhedonia, the “splash test” of self-grooming, and also in the forced swim test and in locomotor activity. Methods: We examined the dose-dependence of grooming deficits caused by the κ-agonist U50,488 (0.1–3.2 mg/kg intraperitoneal (i.p.)) in gonadally intact adult male and female C57BL/6J mice. We then compared the effects of the short-acting κ-antagonist LY2795050 ((3-chloro-4-(4-(((2S)-2-pyridin-3-ylpyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl) phenoxy)benzamide)); 0.032–0.1 mg/kg i.p.) in blocking grooming deficits caused by U50,488 (3.2 mg/kg). The effects of LY2795050 were also studied in the forced swim test (FST). The effects of LY2795050 in blocking the locomotor depressant effects of U50,488 (10 mg/kg) were also studied. Results: U50,488 produced dose-dependent grooming deficits in male and female mice, and LY2795050 prevented these effects. In contrast, LY2795050 decreased immobility in the FST in males at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg, but not in females, up to a dose of 0.32 mg/kg. Also, LY2795050 (0.32 mg/kg) prevented and also reversed the locomotor-depressant effects of U50,488 (10 mg/kg), in males and females. Conclusions: This study further implicates the κ-receptor system in ethologically relevant aspects of anhedonia, and confirms sexual dimorphism in some behavioral effects of novel κ-antagonists.

scholarly journals Antisense to the glucocorticoid receptor in hippocampal dentate gyrus reduces immobility in forced swim test

1996 ◽  
Vol 301 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.Mechiel Korte ◽  
E.Ronald De Kloet ◽  
Bauke Buwalda ◽  
Stephan D. Bouman ◽  
Béla Bohus
Keyword(s):  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
Forced Swim

scholarly journals Involvement of NMDA and AMPA receptors in the antidepressant-like activity of antidepressant drugs in the forced swim test

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 991-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Wolak ◽  
Agata Siwek ◽  
Bernadeta Szewczyk ◽  
Ewa Poleszak ◽  
Andrzej Pilc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ampa Receptors ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
Forced Swim

scholarly journals Inhibition of the CRF1 receptor influences the activity of antidepressant drugs in the forced swim test in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 390 (8) ◽  
pp. 769-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Wróbel ◽  
Anna Serefko ◽  
Aleksandra Szopa ◽  
Karol Rojek ◽  
Ewa Poleszak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
Crf1 Receptor ◽  
Forced Swim

Interaction of glycine/NMDA receptor ligands and antidepressant drugs in the forced swim test

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Poleszak ◽  
Piotr Wlaź ◽  
Katarzyna Socała ◽  
Andrzej Wrobel ◽  
Bernadeta Szewczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Receptor Ligands ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
Forced Swim ◽  
Nmda Receptor Ligands

Hippocampal mammalian target of rapamycin is implicated in stress-coping behavior induced by cannabidiol in the forced swim test

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 922-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariandra G Sartim ◽  
Amanda J Sales ◽  
Francisco S Guimarães ◽  
Sâmia RL Joca
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Hippocampus ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Mtor Signaling ◽  
Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
Forced Swim ◽  
Immobility Time

Background: Cannabidiol is a non-psychotomimetic compound with antidepressant-like effects. However, the mechanisms and brain regions involved in cannabidiol effects are not yet completely understood. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tropomyosin-receptor kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (BDNF-TrkB-mTOR) signaling, especially in limbic structures, seems to play a central role in mediating the effects of antidepressant drugs. Aim: Since it is not yet known if BDNF-TrkB-mTOR signaling in the hippocampus is critical to the antidepressant-like effects of cannabidiol, we investigated the effects produced by cannabidiol (10/30/60 nmol/0.2 µL) micro-injection into the hippocampus of mice submitted to the forced swim test and to the open field test. Methods: Independent groups received intra-hippocampal injections of rapamycin (mTOR inhibitor, 0.2 nmol/0.2 µL) or K252 (Trk antagonist, 0.01 nmol/0.2 µL), before the systemic (10 mg/kg) or hippocampal (10 nmol/0.2µL) injection of cannabidiol, and were submitted to the same tests. BDNF levels were analyzed in the hippocampus of animals treated with cannabidiol (10 mg/kg). Results: Systemic cannabidiol administration induced antidepressant-like effects and increased BDNF levels in the dorsal hippocampus. Rapamycin, but not K252a, injection into the dorsal hippocampus prevented the antidepressant-like effect induced by systemic cannabidiol treatment (10 mg/kg). Differently, hippocampal administration of cannabidiol (10 nmol/0.2 µL) reduced immobility time, an effect that was blocked by both rapamycin and K252a local microinjection. Conclusion: Altogether, our data suggest that the hippocampal BDNF-TrkB-mTOR pathway is vital for cannabidiol-induced antidepressant-like effect when the drug is locally administered. However, other brain regions may also be involved in cannabidiol-induced antidepressant effect upon systemic administration.

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