scholarly journals Minimal Residual Disease Detection in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kruse ◽  
Abdel-Azim ◽  
Kim ◽  
Ruan ◽  
Phan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Minimal Residual Disease ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Leukemia Cell ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Phenotypic Marker ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Minimal Residual

Minimal residual disease (MRD) refers to a chemotherapy/radiotherapy-surviving leukemia cell population that gives rise to relapse of the disease. The detection of MRD is critical for predicting the outcome and for selecting the intensity of further treatment strategies. The development of various new diagnostic platforms, including next-generation sequencing (NGS), has introduced significant advances in the sensitivity of MRD diagnostics. Here, we review current methods to diagnose MRD through phenotypic marker patterns or differential gene patterns through analysis by flow cytometry (FCM), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or NGS. Future advances in clinical procedures will be molded by practical feasibility and patient needs regarding greater diagnostic sensitivity.

scholarly journals Detection of Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia by polymerase chain reaction: possible eradication of minimal residual disease by marrow transplantation

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 1366-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Miyamura ◽  
M Tanimoto ◽  
Y Morishima ◽  
K Horibe ◽  
K Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Minimal Residual Disease ◽  
Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Philadelphia Chromosome ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Minimal Residual

Abstract Minimal residual disease (MRD) in patients with Philadelphia chromosome- positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph1 ALL) who received allogeneic (n = 9) or autologous (n = 6) bone marrow transplantation (BMT) was evaluated by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the bcr-abl transcript. Twelve patients received BMT at the time of hematologic and cytogenetic remission. However, MRD was detected in 8 of 10 patients evaluated. Seven patients, including three who had MRD before BMT, continue to have a disease-free survival 5 to 64 months after BMT. Twenty-one specimens obtained from these patients at various times after BMT did not show MRD. In three patients, MRD detected just before BMT seems to be eradicated by BMT protocol. The other eight patients developed cytogenetic or hematologic relapses 2 to 8 months after BMT. Seven of 14 samples from these patients demonstrated MRD, which preceded clinical relapse by 3 to 9 weeks. Thus, this technique for the detection of MRD appears to be useful for the more precise assessment of various antileukemia therapies and for early detection of leukemia recurrence.

scholarly journals Prognostic significance of bi/oligoclonality in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia as determined by polymerase chain reaction

2001 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Scrideli ◽  
Ricardo Defavery ◽  
José Eduardo Bernardes ◽  
Luíz Gonzaga Tone
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Minimal Residual Disease ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Minimal Residual

CONTEXT: The CDR-3 region of heavy-chain immunoglobulin has been used as a clonal marker in the study of minimal residual disease in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Southern blot and polymerase chain reaction studies have demonstrated the occurrence of bi/oligoclonality in a variable number of cases of B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia, a fact that may strongly interfere with the detection of minimal residual disease. Oligoclonality has also been associated with a poorer prognosis and a higher chance of relapse. OBJECTIVES: To correlate bi/oligoclonality, detected by polymerase chain reaction in Brazilian children with B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a chance of relapse, with immunophenotype, risk group, and disease-free survival. DESIGN: Prospective study of patients’ outcome. SETTING: Pediatric Oncology Unit of the University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. PARTICIPANTS: 47 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia DIAGNOSTIC TEST: Polymerase chain reaction using consensus primers for the CDR-3 region of heavy chain immunoglobulin (FR3A, LJH and VLJH) for the detection of clonality. RESULTS: Bi/oligoclonality was detected in 15 patients (31.9%). There was no significant difference between the groups with monoclonality and biclonality in terms of the occurrence of a relapse (28.1% versus 26.1%), presence of CALLA+ (81.2% versus 80%) or risk group (62.5% versus 60%). Disease-free survival was similar in both groups, with no significant difference (p: 0.7695). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that bi/oligoclonality was not associated with the factors investigated in the present study and that its detection in 31.9% of the patients may be important for the study and monitoring of minimal residual disease.

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