scholarly journals Osteogenic Potential of Bovine Bone Graft in Combination with Laser Photobiomodulation: An Ex Vivo Demonstrative Study in Wistar Rats by Cross-Linked Studies Based on Synchrotron Microtomography and Histology

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruxandra Elena Luca ◽  
Alessandra Giuliani ◽  
Adrian Mănescu ◽  
Rodica Heredea ◽  
Bogdan Hoinoiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Analysis Protocol

Background: Alveolar bone defects are usually the main concern when planning implant treatments for the appropriate oral rehabilitation of patients. To improve local conditions and achieve implant treatments, there are several methods used for increasing bone volume, among which one of the most successful, versatile, and effective is considered to be guided bone regeneration. The aim of this demonstrative study was to propose an innovative analysis protocol for the evaluation of the effect of photobiomodulation on the bone regeneration process, using rat calvarial defects of 5 mm in diameter, filled with xenograft, covered with collagen membrane, and then exposed to laser radiation. Methods: The animals were sacrificed at different points in time (i.e., after 14, 21, and 30 days). Samples of identical dimensions were harvested in order to compare the results obtained after different periods of healing. The analysis was performed by cross-linking the information obtained using histology and high-resolution synchrotron-based tomography on the same samples. A comparison was made with both the negative control (NC) group (with a bone defect which was left for spontaneous healing), and the positive control (PC) group (in which the bone defects were filled with xenografts and collagen membrane without receiving laser treatment). Results: We demonstrated that using photobiomodulation provides a better healing effect than when receiving only the support of the biomaterial. This effect has been evident for short times treatments, i.e., during the first 14 days after surgery. Conclusion: The proposed analysis protocol was effective in detecting the presence of higher quantities of bone volumes under remodeling after photobiomodulation with respect to the exclusive bone regeneration guided by the xenograft.

scholarly journals Effects of Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Hard Tissue Healing: A Histomorphometric Crossover Trial in Sheep

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1695
Author(s):  
Esra Ondur ◽  
Nilufer Bolukbasi Balcioglu ◽  
Merva Soluk Tekkesin ◽  
Ozlem Guzel ◽  
Selim Ersanli
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Graft Material ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Time Point

Bone defects lead to aesthetic and functional losses, causing dental rehabilitation to be more difficult. The objective of this work is to histologically assess the hard tissue healing of bone defects filled with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) alone or as an adjuvant for mixing with and covering anorganic bovine bone (ABB), compared to ABB covered with a resorbable collagen membrane (CM). This study was designed as a crossover animal study. Four 5-mm tibia defects, 5 mm apart from each other, were surgically created on the tibias of 6 sheep. The defects were randomly filled with ABB + CM; PRF alone; ABB+PRF; or were left empty. The animals were euthanized on days 10, 20, and 40 post-operatively. No group showed any signs of bone necrosis. Inflammation was observed in 2 control and 3 test defects with no statistically significant difference between groups at each time point. The ABB + CM and ABB + PRF groups experienced the highest bone regeneration ratios. No differences between the empty-defect and PRF groups were observed in regard to bone regeneration. No statistical difference was observed between the ABB+PRF and ABB + CM groups in regard to bone regeneration and the amount of residual graft material at each time point. The use of PRF should be preferred due to its autogenous origin, low cost, and ease of use.

scholarly journals Buccal Fat Pad–Derived Stem Cells in Three-Dimensional Rehabilitation of Large Alveolar Defects: A Report of Two Cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Khojasteh ◽  
Sepanta Hosseinpour ◽  
Maryam Rezai Rad ◽  
Marzieh Alikhasi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Guided Bone Regeneration ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Buccal Fat Pad ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Impacted Teeth ◽  
Surgical Extraction

This case report seeks to describe efficient clinical application of adipose-derived stem cells (AdSCs) originated from buccal fat pad (BFP) in combination with conventional guided bone regeneration as protected healing space for reconstruction of large alveolar defects after extraction of multiple impacted teeth. The first case was a 19-year-old woman with several impacted teeth in the maxillary and mandibular regions, which could not be forced to erupt and were recommended for surgical extraction by the orthodontist. After this procedure, a large bone defect was created, and this space was filled by AdSC loaded natural bovine bone mineral (NBBM), which was protected with lateral ramus cortical plates, microscrews, and collagen membrane. After 6 months of post-guided bone regeneration, the patient received 6 and 7 implant placements, respectively, in the maxilla and mandible. At 10 months postoperatively, radiographic evaluation revealed thorough survival of implants. The second case was a 22-year-old man with the same complaint and large bony defects created after his teeth were extracted. After 6 months of post-guided bone regeneration, he received 4 dental implants in his maxilla and 7 implants in the mandible. At 48 months postoperatively, radiographs showed complete survival of implants. This approach represented a considerable amount of 3-dimensional bone formation in both cases, which enabled us to use dental implant therapy for rehabilitation of the whole dentition. The application of AdSCs isolated from BFP in combination with NBBM can be considered an efficient treatment for bone regeneration in large alveolar bone defects.

scholarly journals Guided Bone Regeneration- A Comprehensive Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineetha Venugopalan ◽  
Anegundi Raghavendra Vamsi ◽  
Santhosh Shenoy ◽  
Karishma Ashok ◽  
Biju Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Guided Bone Regeneration ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Bony Defect ◽  
Graft Material ◽  
Bone Augmentation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Space Maintenance

Successful implant treatment requires prosthetically driven placement of an implant, primary stability at placement, and careful living bone management. The resorptive changes of alveolar bone are an inevitable process following tooth loss, periodontal disease or trauma which causes bone defects. This results in various aesthetic and functional complications such as soft tissue recession, infection and inflammation. Various methods have been tried and advocated for augmenting these bone deficiencies. Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) is a successful modality for bone augmentation with a wide range of indications and helps restore the alveolar ridge dimensions. It utilises the principle of Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR) for space maintenance within a bony defect. Different types of barrier membranes are being utilised along with various bone grafts in GBR. Thorough knowledge regarding the biology of bone is required before the initiation of any bone augmentation procedure. A combination of Collagen Membrane (CM) and graft material was found successful for GBR. Hence, this review focuses on presentation of best available evidence for various aspects of GBR.

scholarly journals Metformin-loaded β-TCP/CTS/SBA-15 composite scaffolds promote alveolar bone regeneration in a rat model of periodontitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanghan Xu ◽  
Wei Tan ◽  
Chan Li ◽  
Keke Wu ◽  
Xinyi Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Alveolar Bone Defect

AbstractPeriodontitis is a progressive infectious inflammatory disease, which leads to alveolar bone resorption and loss of periodontal attachment. It is imperative for us to develop a therapeutic scaffold to repair the alveolar bone defect of periodontitis. In this study, we designed a new composite scaffold loading metformin (MET) by using the freeze-drying method, which was composed of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), chitosan (CTS) and the mesoporous silica (SBA-15). The scaffolds were expected to combine the excellent biocompatibility of CTS, the good bioactivity of β-TCP, and the anti-inflammatory properties of MET. The MET-loaded β-TCP/CTS/SBA-15 scaffolds showed improved cell adhesion, appropriate porosity and good biocompatibility in vitro. This MET composite scaffold was implanted in the alveolar bone defects area of rats with periodontitis. After 12 weeks, Micro-CT and histological analysis were performed to evaluate different degrees of healing and mineralization. Results showed that the MET-loaded β-TCP/CTS/SBA-15 scaffolds promoted alveolar bone regeneration in a rat model of periodontitis. To our knowledge, this is the first report that MET-loaded β-TCP/CTS/SBA-15 scaffolds have a positive effect on alveolar bone regeneration in periodontitis. Our findings might provide a new and promising strategy for repairing alveolar bone defects under the condition of periodontitis.

scholarly journals Biomimetic Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite Composites: Therapeutic Potential and Effects on Bone Regeneration

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (23) ◽  
pp. 6002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Hsiang Fang ◽  
Yi-Wen Lin ◽  
Feng-Huei Lin ◽  
Jui-Sheng Sun ◽  
Yuan-Hung Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Stromal Cell ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Stromal Cell Derived Factor ◽  
Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite

The development of a novel alloplastic graft with both osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties is still necessary. In this study, we tried to synthesize a biomimetic hydroxyapatite microspheres (gelatin/nano-hydroxyapatite microsphere embedded with stromal cell-derived factor-1: GHM-S) from nanocrystalline hydroxyapatites and to investigate their therapeutic potential and effects on bone regeneration. In this study, hydroxyapatite was synthesized by co-precipitation of calcium hydroxide and orthophosphoric acid to gelatin solution. The microbial transglutaminase was used as the agent to crosslink the microspheres. The morphology, characterization, and thermal gravimetric analysis of microspheres were performed. SDF-1 release profile and in vitro biocompatibility and relative osteogenic gene expression were analyzed, followed by in vivo micro-computed tomography study and histological analysis. The synthesized hydroxyapatite was found to be similar to hydroxyapatite of natural bone tissue. The stromal cell-derived factor-1 was embedded into gelatin/hydroxyapatite microsphere to form the biomimetic hydroxyapatite microsphere. The stromal cell-derived factor-1 protein could be released in a controlled manner from the biomimetic hydroxyapatite microsphere and form a concentration gradient in the culture environment to attract the migration of stem cells. Gene expression and protein expression indicated that stem cells could differentiate or develop into pre-osteoblasts. The effect of bone formation by the biomimetic hydroxyapatite microsphere was assessed by an in vivo rats’ alveolar bone defects model and confirmed by micro-CT imaging and histological examination. Our findings demonstrated that the biomimetic hydroxyapatite microsphere can enhance the alveolar bone regeneration. This design has potential be applied to other bone defects.

scholarly journals Effect of Gellan Gum/Tuna Skin Film in Guided Bone Regeneration in Artificial Bone Defect in Rabbit Calvaria

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1318
Author(s):  
Seunggon Jung ◽  
Hee-Kyun Oh ◽  
Myung-Sun Kim ◽  
Ki-Young Lee ◽  
Hongju Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Guided Bone Regeneration ◽  
Gellan Gum ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate

It is necessary to prevent the invasion of soft tissue into bone defects for successful outcomes in guided bone regeneration (GBR). For this reason, many materials are used as protective barriers to bone defects. In this study, a gellan gum/tuna skin gelatin (GEL/TSG) film was prepared, and its effectiveness in bone regeneration was evaluated. The film exhibited average cell viability in vitro. Experimental bone defects were prepared in rabbit calvaria, and a bone graft procedure with beta-tricalcium phosphate was done. The film was used as a membrane of GBR and compared with results using a commercial collagen membrane. Grafted material did not show dispersion outside of bone defects and the film did not collapse into the bone defect. New bone formation was comparable to that using the collagen membrane. These results suggest that the GEL/TSG film could be used as a membrane for GBR.

Efficacy of Guided Bone Regeneration Using Composite Bone Graft and Resorbable Collagen Membrane in Seibert's Class I Ridge Defects: Radiological Evaluation

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saravanan Pushparajan ◽  
Ramakrishnan Thiagarajan ◽  
Ambalavanan Namasi ◽  
Pamela Emmadi ◽  
Harshini Saravanan
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Guided Bone Regeneration ◽  
Class I ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Radiological Evaluation ◽  
Bone Width ◽  
Composite Bone

The purpose of the study was to evaluate radiologically the efficacy of guided bone regeneration using composite bone graft (autogenous bone graft and anorganic bovine bone graft [Bio-Oss]) along with resorbable collagen membrane (BioMend Extend) in the augmentation of Seibert's class I ridge defects in maxilla. Bone width was evaluated using computerized tomography at day 0 and at day 180 at 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm from the crest. There was a statistically significant increase in bone width between day 0 and day 180 at 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm from the crest. The results of the study demonstrated an increase in bone width of Seibert's class I ridge defects in the maxilla of the study patients.

scholarly journals Fibrin Glue Implants Seeded with Dental Pulp and Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells for the Repair of Periodontal Bone Defects: A Preclinical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Natella I. Enukashvily ◽  
Julia A. Dombrovskaya ◽  
Anastasia V. Kotova ◽  
Natalia Semenova ◽  
Irina Karabak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Fibrin Glue ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Fibrin Gel ◽  
A Cell

A technology to create a cell-seeded fibrin-based implant matching the size and shape of bone defect is required to create an anatomical implant. The aim of the study was to develop a technology of cell-seeded fibrin gel implant creation that has the same shape and size as the bone defect at the site of implantation. Using computed tomography (CT) images, molds representing bone defects were created by 3D printing. The form was filled with fibrin glue and human dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). The viability, set of surface markers and osteogenic differentiation of DPSC grown in fibrin gel along with the clot retraction time were evaluated. In mice, an alveolar bone defect was created. The defect was filled with fibrin gel seeded with mouse DPSC. After 28 days, the bone repair was analyzed with cone beam CT and by histological examination. The proliferation rate, set of surface antigens and osteogenic potential of cells grown inside the scaffold and in 2D conditions did not differ. In mice, both cell-free and mouse DPSC-seeded implants increased the bone tissue volume and vascularization. In mice with cell-seeded gel implants, the bone remodeling process was more prominent than in animals with a cell-free implant. The technology of 3D-printed forms for molding implants can be used to prepare implants using components that are not suitable for 3D printing.

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