scholarly journals HMGA Genes and Proteins in Development and Evolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Vignali ◽  
Silvia Marracci
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
High Mobility Group ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Regulatory Factors ◽  
Group A ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Development And Evolution

HMGA (high mobility group A) (HMGA1 and HMGA2) are small non-histone proteins that can bind DNA and modify chromatin state, thus modulating the accessibility of regulatory factors to the DNA and contributing to the overall panorama of gene expression tuning. In general, they are abundantly expressed during embryogenesis, but are downregulated in the adult differentiated tissues. In the present review, we summarize some aspects of their role during development, also dealing with relevant studies that have shed light on their functioning in cell biology and with emerging possible involvement of HMGA1 and HMGA2 in evolutionary biology.

The Mia/Cd-rap gene expression is downregulated by the high-mobility group A proteins in mouse pituitary adenomas

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 875-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana De Martino ◽  
Rosa Visone ◽  
Dario Palmieri ◽  
Paolo Cappabianca ◽  
Paolo Chieffi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
High Mobility Group ◽  
Oligonucleotide Array ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Group A

The high-mobility group A (HMGA) family of proteins orchestrates the assembly of nucleoprotein structures playing important roles in gene transcription, recombination, and chromatin structure through a complex network of protein–DNA and protein–protein interactions. Recently, we have generated transgenic mice carrying wild type or truncated HMGA2 genes under the transcriptional control of the cytomegalovirus promoter. These mice developed pituitary adenomas secreting prolactin and GH mainly due to an increased E2F1 activity, directly consequent to the HMGA2 overexpression. To identify other genes involved in the process of pituitary tumorigenesis induced by the HMGA2 gene, in this study we have analyzed the gene expression profile of three HMGA2-pituitary adenomas in comparison with a pool of ten normal pituitary glands from control mice, using the Affymetrix MG MU11K oligonucleotide array representing ~13 000 unique genes. We have identified 82 transcripts that increased and 72 transcripts that decreased at least four-fold in all the mice pituitary adenomas analyzed compared with normal pituitary glands. Among these genes, we focused our attention on the Mia/Cd-rap gene, whose expression was essentially suppressed in all of the pituitary adenomas tested by the microarray. We demonstrated that the HMGA proteins directly bind to the promoter of the Mia/Cd-rap gene and are able to downregulate its expression. In order to understand a possible role of Mia/Cd-rap in pituitary cell growth, we performed a colony assay in GH3 and GH4 cells. Interestingly, Mia/Cd-rap expression inhibits their proliferation, suggesting a potential tumor suppressor role of Mia/Cd-rap in pituitary cells.

Discovering high mobility group A molecular partners in tumour cells

PROTEOMICS ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1494-1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Sgarra ◽  
Michela A. Tessari ◽  
Julie Di Bernardo ◽  
Alessandra Rustighi ◽  
Paola Zago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Mobility ◽  
Tumour Cells ◽  
High Mobility Group ◽  
Group A

PD-024 Expression of High Mobility Group A proteins in lung cancer correlates with survival

Lung Cancer ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. S73-S74
Author(s):  
V. Sarhadi ◽  
H. Wikman ◽  
K. Salmenkivi ◽  
E. Kuosma ◽  
T. Sioris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
High Mobility Group ◽  
Group A

High mobility group A1 (HMGA1) protein and gene expression correlate with ER-negativity and poor outcomes in breast cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 179 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Gorbounov ◽  
Neil M. Carleton ◽  
Rebecca J. Asch-Kendrick ◽  
Lingling Xian ◽  
Lisa Rooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
High Mobility Group ◽  
Poor Outcomes

scholarly journals Functional roles of the transcription factor Oct-2A and the high mobility group protein I/Y in HLA-DRA gene expression.

1995 ◽  
Vol 182 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
S A Abdulkadir ◽  
S Krishna ◽  
D Thanos ◽  
T Maniatis ◽  
J L Strominger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
High Mobility Group ◽  
High Mobility Group Protein ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
Group Protein

The class II major histocompatibility complex gene HLA-DRA is expressed in B cells, activated T lymphocytes, and in antigen-presenting cells. In addition, HLA-DRA gene expression is inducible in a variety of cell types by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Here we show that the lymphoid-specific transcription factor Oct-2A plays a critical role in HLA-DRA gene expression in class II-positive B cell lines, and that the high mobility group protein (HMG) I/Y binds to multiple sites within the DRA promoter, including the Oct-2A binding site. Coexpression of HMG I/Y and Oct-2 in cell lines lacking Oct-2 results in high levels of HLA-DRA gene expression, and in vitro DNA-binding studies reveal that HMG I/Y stimulates Oct-2A binding to the HLA-DRA promoter. Thus, Oct-2A and HMG I/Y may synergize to activate HLA-DRA expression in B cells. By contrast, Oct-2A is not involved in the IFN-gamma induction of the HLA-DRA gene in HeLa cells, but antisense HMG I/Y dramatically decreases the level of induction. We conclude that distinct sets of transcription factors are involved in the two modes of HLA-DRA expression, and that HMG I/Y may be important for B cell-specific expression, and is essential for IFN-gamma induction.

scholarly journals Epigenetic Contribution of High-Mobility Group A Proteins to Stem Cell Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Giancotti ◽  
Natascha Bergamin ◽  
Palmina Cataldi ◽  
Claudio Rizzi
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
High Mobility Group ◽  
Dna Modification ◽  
Epigenetic Factors ◽  
Group A ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

High-mobility group A (HMGA) proteins have been examined to understand their participation as structural epigenetic chromatin factors that confer stem-like properties to embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and cancer stem cells (CSCs). The function of HMGA was evaluated in conjunction with that of other epigenetic factors such as histones and microRNAs (miRs), taking into consideration the posttranscriptional modifications (PTMs) of histones (acetylation and methylation) and DNA methylation. HMGA proteins were coordinated or associated with histone and DNA modification and the expression of the factors related to pluripotency. CSCs showed remarkable differences compared with ESCs and iPSCs.

scholarly journals High-Mobility Group A (HMGA) Proteins and Breast Cancer

Breast Care ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Peluso ◽  
Gennaro Chiappetta
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
High Mobility Group ◽  
Group A
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