scholarly journals Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived from a Cardiac Somatic Source: Insights for an In-Vitro Cardiomyocyte Platform

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 507
Author(s):  
Alessandra Maria Lodrini ◽  
Lucio Barile ◽  
Marcella Rocchetti ◽  
Claudia Altomare
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Cardiac Cells ◽  
Cardiac Differentiation ◽  
Human Ipscs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Reprogramming of adult somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has revolutionized the complex scientific field of disease modelling and personalized therapy. Cardiac differentiation of human iPSCs into cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) has been used in a wide range of healthy and disease models by deriving CMs from different somatic cells. Unfortunately, hiPSC-CMs have to be improved because existing protocols are not completely able to obtain mature CMs recapitulating physiological properties of human adult cardiac cells. Therefore, improvements and advances able to standardize differentiation conditions are needed. Lately, evidences of an epigenetic memory retained by the somatic cells used for deriving hiPSC-CMs has led to evaluation of different somatic sources in order to obtain more mature hiPSC-derived CMs.

scholarly journals Utilising Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Neurodegenerative Disease Research: Focus on Glia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4334
Author(s):  
Katrina Albert ◽  
Jonna Niskanen ◽  
Sara Kälvälä ◽  
Šárka Lehtonen
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disease ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Human Ipscs ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a self-renewable pool of cells derived from an organism’s somatic cells. These can then be programmed to other cell types, including neurons. Use of iPSCs in research has been two-fold as they have been used for human disease modelling as well as for the possibility to generate new therapies. Particularly in complex human diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, iPSCs can give advantages over traditional animal models in that they more accurately represent the human genome. Additionally, patient-derived cells can be modified using gene editing technology and further transplanted to the brain. Glial cells have recently become important avenues of research in the field of neurodegenerative diseases, for example, in Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. This review focuses on using glial cells (astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes) derived from human iPSCs in order to give a better understanding of how these cells contribute to neurodegenerative disease pathology. Using glia iPSCs in in vitro cell culture, cerebral organoids, and intracranial transplantation may give us future insight into both more accurate models and disease-modifying therapies.

scholarly journals Rabbit induced pluripotent stem cells retain capability of in vitro cardiac differentiation

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praopilas Phakdeedindan ◽  
Piyathip Setthawong ◽  
Narong Tiptanavattana ◽  
Sasitorn Rungarunlert ◽  
Praewphan Ingrungruanglert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Cardiac Differentiation ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

scholarly journals Electrical Stimulation Promotes Cardiac Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damián Hernández ◽  
Rodney Millard ◽  
Priyadharshini Sivakumaran ◽  
Raymond C. B. Wong ◽  
Duncan E. Crombie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Embryoid Bodies ◽  
Cardiac Differentiation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Human Ipscs ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Background.Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are an attractive source of cardiomyocytes for cardiac repair and regeneration. In this study, we aim to determine whether acute electrical stimulation of human iPSCs can promote their differentiation to cardiomyocytes.Methods. Human iPSCs were differentiated to cardiac cells by forming embryoid bodies (EBs) for 5 days. EBs were then subjected to brief electrical stimulation and plated down for 14 days.Results. In iPS(Foreskin)-2 cell line, brief electrical stimulation at 65 mV/mm or 200 mV/mm for 5 min significantly increased the percentage of beating EBs present by day 14 after plating. Acute electrical stimulation also significantly increased the cardiac gene expression ofACTC1,TNNT2,MYH7, andMYL7. However, the cardiogenic effect of electrical stimulation was not reproducible in another iPS cell line, CERA007c6. Beating EBs from control and electrically stimulated groups expressed various cardiac-specific transcription factors and contractile muscle markers. Beating EBs were also shown to cycle calcium and were responsive to the chronotropic agents, isoproterenol and carbamylcholine, in a concentration-dependent manner.Conclusions. Our results demonstrate that brief electrical stimulation can promote cardiac differentiation of human iPS cells. The cardiogenic effect of brief electrical stimulation is dependent on the cell line used.

scholarly journals Differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into erythroid cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Ebrahimi ◽  
Mehdi Forouzesh ◽  
Setareh Raoufi ◽  
Mohammad Ramazii ◽  
Farhoodeh Ghaedrahmati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Human Ipscs ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
Human Ipsc

AbstractDuring the last years, several strategies have been made to obtain mature erythrocytes or red blood cells (RBC) from the bone marrow or umbilical cord blood (UCB). However, UCB-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are a limited source and in vitro large-scale expansion of RBC from HSC remains problematic. One promising alternative can be human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) that provide an unlimited source of cells. Human PSCs, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), are self-renewing progenitors that can be differentiated to lineages of ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Several previous studies have revealed that human ESCs can differentiate into functional oxygen-carrying erythrocytes; however, the ex vivo expansion of human ESC-derived RBC is subjected to ethical concerns. Human iPSCs can be a suitable therapeutic choice for the in vitro/ex vivo manufacture of RBCs. Reprogramming of human somatic cells through the ectopic expression of the transcription factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, c-MYC, LIN28, and NANOG) has provided a new avenue for disease modeling and regenerative medicine. Various techniques have been developed to generate enucleated RBCs from human iPSCs. The in vitro production of human iPSC-derived RBCs can be an alternative treatment option for patients with blood disorders. In this review, we focused on the generation of human iPSC-derived erythrocytes to present an overview of the current status and applications of this field.

scholarly journals The Progress of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells as Models of Parkinson’s Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-feng Kang ◽  
Bei-sha Tang ◽  
Ji-feng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Disease Modeling ◽  
Pharmacological Study ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

In recent years, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were widely used for investigating the mechanisms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Somatic cells from patients withSNCA(α-synuclein),LRRK2(leucine-rich repeat kinase 2),PINK1(PTEN induced putative kinase 1),Parkinmutations, and at-risk individuals carryingGBA(β-glucocerebrosidase) mutations have been successfully induced to iPSCs and subsequently differentiated into dopaminergic (DA) neurons. Importantly, some PD-related cell phenotypes, includingα-synuclein aggregation, mitophagy, damaged mitochondrial DNA, and mitochondrial dysfunction, have been described in these iPSCs models, which further investigated the pathogenesis of PD. In 2007, Takahashi et al. and Vodyanik et al. generated iPSCs from human somatic cells for the first time. Since then, patients derived iPSCs were applied for disease modeling, drug discovery and screening, autologous cell replacement therapy, and other biological applications. iPSC research has now become a hot topic in a wide range of fields. This review summarizes the recent progress of PD patients derived iPSC models in pathogenic mechanism investigation and potential clinical applications, especially their promising strategy in pharmacological study and DA neurons transplantation therapy. However, the challenges of iPSC transplantation still exist, and it has a long way to go before it can be used in clinical application.

scholarly journals Using induced pluripotent stem cells to understand retinal ciliopathy disease mechanisms and develop therapies

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1245-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Parfitt ◽  
Amelia Lane ◽  
Conor Ramsden ◽  
Katarina Jovanovic ◽  
Peter J. Coffey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Retinal Degeneration ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Photoreceptor Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Disease Mechanisms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

The photoreceptor cells in the retina have a highly specialised sensory cilium, the outer segment (OS), which is important for detecting light. Mutations in cilia-related genes often result in retinal degeneration. The ability to reprogramme human cells into induced pluripotent stem cells and then differentiate them into a wide range of different cell types has revolutionised our ability to study human disease. To date, however, the challenge of producing fully differentiated photoreceptors in vitro has limited the application of this technology in studying retinal degeneration. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in stem cell technology and photoreceptor differentiation. In particular, the development of photoreceptors with rudimentary OS that can be used to understand disease mechanisms and as an important model to test potential new therapies for inherited retinal ciliopathies.

scholarly journals Development and Application of 3D Bioprinted Scaffolds Supporting Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Dezhi Lu ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Wentao Li ◽  
Hongshi Ma ◽  
Tao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
3D Bioprinting ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Human Ipscs ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a revolutionary technology that replicates 3D functional living tissue scaffolds in vitro by controlling the layer-by-layer deposition of biomaterials and enables highly precise positioning of cells. With the development of this technology, more advanced research on the mechanisms of tissue morphogenesis, clinical drug screening, and organ regeneration may be pursued. Because of their self-renewal characteristics and multidirectional differentiation potential, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have outstanding advantages in stem cell research and applications. In this review, we discuss the advantages of different bioinks containing human iPSCs that are fabricated by using 3D bioprinting. In particular, we focus on the ability of these bioinks to support iPSCs and promote their proliferation and differentiation. In addition, we summarize the applications of 3D bioprinting with iPSC-containing bioinks and put forward new views on the current research status.

scholarly journals Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Their Use in Human Models of Disease and Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Karagiannis ◽  
Kazutoshi Takahashi ◽  
Megumu Saito ◽  
Yoshinori Yoshida ◽  
Keisuke Okita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Ipscs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

The discovery of somatic cell nuclear transfer proved that somatic cells can carry the same genetic code as the zygote, and that activating parts of this code are sufficient to reprogram the cell to an early developmental state. The discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) nearly half a century later provided a molecular mechanism for the reprogramming. The initial creation of iPSCs was accomplished by the ectopic expression of four specific genes (OCT4, KLF4, SOX2, and c-Myc; OSKM). iPSCs have since been acquired from a wide range of cell types and a wide range of species, suggesting a universal molecular mechanism. Furthermore, cells have been reprogrammed to iPSCs using a myriad of methods, although OSKM remains the gold standard. The sources for iPSCs are abundant compared with those for other pluripotent stem cells; thus the use of iPSCs to model the development of tissues, organs, and other systems of the body is increasing. iPSCs also, through the reprogramming of patient samples, are being used to model diseases. Moreover, in the 10 years since the first report, human iPSCs are already the basis for new cell therapies and drug discovery that have reached clinical application. In this review, we examine the generation of iPSCs and their application to disease and development.

scholarly journals Bioceramic akermanite enhanced vascularization and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells in 3D scaffolds in vitro and vivo

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (44) ◽  
pp. 25462-25470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xixi Dong ◽  
Haiyan Li ◽  
Lingling E ◽  
Junkai Cao ◽  
Bin Guo
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
3D Scaffolds ◽  
Human Ipscs ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Bioceramics akermanite enhanced vascularization and osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs in 3D scaffolds in vitro and vivo.

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