scholarly journals Does Maternal Stress Affect the Early Embryonic Microenvironment? Impact of Long-Term Cortisol Stimulation on the Oviduct Epithelium

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuaizhi Du ◽  
Nares Trakooljul ◽  
Jennifer Schoen ◽  
Shuai Chen
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Stress ◽  
Stress Hormones ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
In Vitro System ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Oviduct Epithelium ◽  
Air Liquid Interface ◽  
Oviductal Fluid

Maternal stress before or during the sensitive preimplantation phase is associated with reproduction failure. Upon real or perceived threat, glucocorticoids (classic stress hormones) as cortisol are synthesized. The earliest “microenvironment” of the embryo consists of the oviduct epithelium and the oviductal fluid generated via the epithelial barrier. However, to date, the direct effects of cortisol on the oviduct are largely unknown. In the present study, we used a compartmentalized in vitro system to test the hypothesis that a prolonged stimulation with cortisol modifies the physiology of the oviduct epithelium. Porcine oviduct epithelial cells were differentiated at the air–liquid interface and basolaterally stimulated with physiological levels of cortisol representing moderate and severe stress for 21 days. Epithelium structure, transepithelial bioelectric properties, and gene expression were assessed. Furthermore, the distribution and metabolism of cortisol was examined. The polarized oviduct epithelium converted basolateral cortisol to cortisone and thereby reduced the amount of bioactive cortisol reaching the apical compartment. However, extended cortisol stimulation affected its barrier function and the expression of genes involved in hormone signaling and immune response. We conclude that continuing maternal stress with long-term elevated cortisol levels may alter the early embryonic environment by modification of basic oviductal functions.

scholarly journals Epithelium morphogenesis and oviduct development are regulated by significant increase of expression of genes after long-term in vitro primary culture – a microarray assays

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Stefańska ◽  
Agata Chamier-Gliszczyńska ◽  
Maurycy Jankowski ◽  
Piotr Celichowski ◽  
Magdalena Kulus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Culture ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo Development ◽  
Sperm Binding ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Tube Morphogenesis ◽  
Oviductal Fluid

AbstractThe correct oviductal development and morphogenesis of its epithelium are crucial factors influencing female fertility. Oviduct is involved in maintaining an optimal environment for gametes and preimplantation embryo development; secretory oviductal epithelial cells (OECs) synthesize components of oviductal fluid. Oviductal epithelium also participates in sperm binding and its hyperactivation. For better understanding of the genetic bases that underlay porcine oviductal development, OECs were isolated from porcine oviducts and established long-term primary culture. A microarray approach was utilized to determine the differentially expressed genes during specific time periods. Cells were harvested on day 7, 15 and 30 of in vitro primary culture and their RNA was isolated. Gene expression was analyzed and statistical analysis was performed. 48 differentially expressed genes belonging to “tube morphogenesis”, “tube development”, “morphogenesis of an epithelium”, “morphogenesis of branching structure” and “morphogenesis of branching epithelium” GO BP terms were selected, of which 10 most upregulated include BMP4, ARG1, SLIT2, FGFR1, DAB2, TNC, EPAS1, HHEX, ITGB3 and LOX. The results help to shed light on the porcine oviductal development and its epithelial morphogenesis, and show that after long-term culture the OECs still proliferate and maintain their tube forming properties.

Modelling the porcine oviduct epithelium: A polarized in vitro system suitable for long-term cultivation

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 900-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Miessen ◽  
S. Sharbati ◽  
R. Einspanier ◽  
J. Schoen
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro System ◽  
Oviduct Epithelium

Long-Term Dynamic in vitro System for Investigating Rat Pineal Melatonin Secretion

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 563-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Rékési ◽  
V. Csernus ◽  
J. Horvéth ◽  
S. Vigh ◽  
B. Mess
Keyword(s):  
Melatonin Secretion ◽  
In Vitro System ◽  
Pineal Melatonin

A functional long‐term 2D serum‐free human hepatic in vitro system for drug evaluation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlota Oleaga ◽  
L. Richard Bridges ◽  
Keisha Persaud ◽  
Christopher W. McAleer ◽  
Christopher J. Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Evaluation ◽  
In Vitro System ◽  
Serum Free

scholarly journals Fallopian Tube Basal Stem Cells Reproducing the Epithelial Sheets In Vitro—Stem Cell of Fallopian Epithelium

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1270
Author(s):  
Maobi Zhu ◽  
Tomohiko Iwano ◽  
Sen Takeda
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Reproductive Organ ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
Epithelial Sheets ◽  
Air Liquid Interface

The fallopian tube (FT) is an important reproductive organ in females. The luminal epithelium of the FT is composed of highly polarized secretory and ciliated cells. Recently, accumulating lines of evidence have suggested that the origin of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) is fallopian tube epithelial cells (FTECs). Due to the lack of a high-fidelity model for FTECs in vitro, homeostasis, differentiation, as well as the transformation of FTECs are still enigmatic. In this study, we optimized the culture condition for the stable expansion of basal stem cells, as well as inducing differentiation of basal cells into polarized secretory and ciliated cells in the air–liquid interface (ALI) condition suitable for long-term culture. This storable culture method of FTECs provides a versatile platform for studying differentiation mechanisms, intercellular communication, and transformation to HGSC, as well as the physiological function of the FT in vitro.

scholarly journals Exploiting oxidative phosphorylation to promote the stem and immunoevasive properties of pancreatic cancer stem cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Valle ◽  
Sonia Alcalá ◽  
Laura Martin-Hijano ◽  
Pablo Cabezas-Sáinz ◽  
Diego Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
In Vitro System ◽  
Tumorigenic Potential ◽  
Term Enrichment ◽  
Pluripotency Gene ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the fourth leading cause of cancer death, has a 5-year survival rate of approximately 7–9%. The ineffectiveness of anti-PDAC therapies is believed to be due to the existence of a subpopulation of tumor cells known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are functionally plastic, and have exclusive tumorigenic, chemoresistant and metastatic capacities. Herein, we describe a 2D in vitro system for long-term enrichment of pancreatic CSCs that is amenable to biological and CSC-specific studies. By changing the carbon source from glucose to galactose in vitro, we force PDAC cells to utilize OXPHOS, resulting in enrichment of CSCs defined by increased CSC biomarker and pluripotency gene expression, greater tumorigenic potential, induced but reversible quiescence, increased OXPHOS activity, enhanced invasiveness, and upregulated immune evasion properties. This CSC enrichment method can facilitate the discovery of new CSC-specific hallmarks for future development into targets for PDAC-based therapies.

scholarly journals Amplification of Sca-1+ Lin-WGA+ cells in serum-free cultures containing steel factor, interleukin-6, and erythropoietin with maintenance of cells with long-term in vivo reconstituting potential

Blood ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
VI Rebel ◽  
W Dragowska ◽  
CJ Eaves ◽  
RK Humphries ◽  
PM Lansdorp
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
In Vitro System ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Murine Bone Marrow ◽  
Steel Factor ◽  
Parallel Increase

Abstract Normal murine bone marrow (BM) cells were sorted on the basis of low forward and orthogonal light scatter properties, Sca-1 expression (Sca-1+), lack of staining with a cocktail of mature hematopoietic lineage markers (Lin-), and binding of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA+). This approach allowed the reproducible isolation of a very small subpopulation (0.037% +/-0.023% of all nucleated BM cells) that was approximately 400-fold enriched in cells capable of reconstituting both lymphoid and myeloid lineages in lethally irradiated recipients. Transplantation of 30 or 10 of these Sca-1+Lin-WGA+ cells resulted in > or = to 20% donor-derived nucleated peripheral blood cells 3 months posttransplantation in 100% and 22% of the recipients, respectively. When Sca-1+Lin-WGA+ cells were cultured in serum-free medium supplemented with Steel factor, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and erythropoietin (with or without IL-3), a large increase in total cell number, including cells with an Sca-1+Lin-WGA+ phenotype was observed. Single cell cultures showed that 90% to 95% of the input cells underwent at least one division during the first 2 weeks and the remainder died. Interestingly, this proliferative response was not accompanied by a parallel increase in the number of cells with both lymphoid and myeloid repopulating potential in vivo, as quantitation of these by limiting dilution analysis showed they had decreased slightly (1.3-fold) but not significantly below the number initially present. These results demonstrate that Sca-1+Lin-WGA+ cells with long-term repopulating potential can be maintained for 2 weeks in a serum-and stroma cell-free culture, providing a simple in vitro system to study their behavior under well-defined conditions. The observed expansion of Sca-1+Lin-WGA+ cells in vitro without a concomitant increase in reconstituting cells also shows that extensive functional heterogeneity exists within populations of cells with this surface phenotype.

The FRTL-5 thyroid cell strain as a model for studies on thyroid cell growth

1987 ◽  
Vol 116 (1_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S242-S245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Saverio Ambesi-Impiombato ◽  
Giovanni Villone
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cell Strain ◽  
Thyroid Cell ◽  
In Vitro System ◽  
Defined Media ◽  
Thyroid Follicular Cells ◽  
Rat Thyroid

Abstract. Thyroid cell proliferation has been studied using an in vitro system of rat thyroid follicular cell strain (FRTL-5). While growing in continuous culture, this strain is still differentiated and non-tumourigenic. Both advantages and limitations in the use of such system for studies of thyroid cell growth should be considered. Some obvious limitations should be considered, such as the species (rat) from which FRTL-5 cells were originated, their long-term growth outside the animals, the presence of a chronic TSH stimulation. On the other hand, several advantages as the growth in hormonally and chemically defined media, their dependence upon TSH in the medium, their genetic homogeneity and their widespread use in many laboratories render the FRTL-5 strain a useful experimental tool. Studies on cell proliferation and mechanism of action of hormones, growth factors and human autoimmune IgG have been and are being performed, with the assumption that FRTL-5 cells are the in vitro equivalent of thyroid follicular cells.

scholarly journals Effect of a null mutation of the oviduct-specific glycoprotein gene on mouse fertilization

2003 ◽  
Vol 374 (2) ◽  
pp. 551-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiko ARAKI ◽  
Makoto NOHARA ◽  
Hiromi YOSHIDA-KOMIYA ◽  
Takashi KURAMOCHI ◽  
Mamoru ITO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
In Vitro System ◽  
Glycoprotein Gene ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Gamete Interactions ◽  
Mammalian Fertilization ◽  
Oviductal Fluid

The mammalian fertilization process takes place in a complex microenvironment within the female genital tract. A member of the chitinase protein family, oviduct-specific glycoprotein (OGP), has been identified in oviductal fluid from various mammalian species, including humans. Although OGP is widely believed to be involved in the process of mammalian fertilization, including spermatozoon function and gamete interactions, based on experimental results obtained in vitro, its physiological significance remains controversial. The present study established OGP gene-null (ogp−/−) mice, and primarily characterized their reproductive properties to study the physiological function(s) of OGP. Results obtained from studies using an in vivo or in vitro system showed that the fertility of ogp−/− females was within normal limits. These results indicate that OGP is not essential for the process of in vivo fertilization, at least in mice.

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