scholarly journals Interactive Effects of Salicylic Acid and Nitric Oxide in Enhancing Rice Tolerance to Cadmium Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 5798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Golam Mostofa ◽  
Md. Mezanur Rahman ◽  
Md. Mesbah Uddin Ansary ◽  
Masayuki Fujita ◽  
Lam-Son Phan Tran
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Monodehydroascorbate Reductase ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Cd Toxicity ◽  
The Individual

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the prominent environmental hazards, affecting plant productivity and posing human health risks worldwide. Although salicylic acid (SA) and nitric oxide (NO) are known to have stress mitigating roles, little was explored on how they work together against Cd-toxicity in rice. This study evaluated the individual and combined effects of SA and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a precursor of NO, on Cd-stress tolerance in rice. Results revealed that Cd at toxic concentrations caused rice biomass reduction, which was linked to enhanced accumulation of Cd in roots and leaves, reduced photosynthetic pigment contents, and decreased leaf water status. Cd also potentiated its phytotoxicity by triggering reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and depleting several non-enzymatic and enzymatic components in rice leaves. In contrast, SA and/or SNP supplementation with Cd resulted in growth recovery, as evidenced by greater biomass content, improved leaf water content, and protection of photosynthetic pigments. These signaling molecules were particularly effective in restricting Cd uptake and accumulation, with the highest effect being observed in “SA + SNP + Cd” plants. SA and/or SNP alleviated Cd-induced oxidative damage by reducing ROS accumulation and malondialdehyde production through the maintenance of ascorbate and glutathione levels, and redox status, as well as the better activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and monodehydroascorbate reductase. Combined effects of SA and SNP were observed to be more prominent in Cd-stress mitigation than the individual effects of SA followed by that of SNP, suggesting that SA and NO in combination more efficiently boosted physiological and biochemical responses to alleviate Cd-toxicity than either SA or NO alone. This finding signifies a cooperative action of SA and NO in mitigating Cd-induced adverse effects in rice, and perhaps in other crop plants.

scholarly journals The Effect of Nitric Oxide on Amaranthus Tricolor L. Under Cadmium Stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Baniasadi ◽  
Masoud Arghavani ◽  
Vahid Reza Saffari ◽  
Mehdi Mansouri
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Cd Toxicity ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Negative Impacts

Abstract This study aimed to appraise the crosstalk between sodium nitroprusside (SNP), as a source of nitric oxide (NO), and cadmium (Cd) toxicity on growth and physiological traits in Amaranth tricolor L. by using different multivariate statistical methods. The results showed that growth-related traits of A. tricolor were significantly reduced (p<0.05) under Cd stress. Contrarily, Cd treatments increased lipid peroxidation and reduced total protein content. Delving on the results of SNP application showed the suitability of its medium level (100 µM) on increasing the growth-related traits and also plant tolerance to Cd stress via lowering the lipid peroxidation and radical molecules production due to the higher activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Increasing the amount of Cd in roots and shoots, as the results of Cd treatment, reduced the growth and production of A. tricolor plants by high rates (over 50% in 60 mg kg-1 Cd level) indicating its susceptibility to high Cd toxicity. Contrarily, treating plants with NO showed no effect on shoot Cd content, while it significantly increased Cd allocation in the root, which might be attributable to the protective effect of NO on Cd toxicity by trapping Cd in the root. Subsequently, the application of a medium level of SNP (around 100 µM) is recommendable for A. tricolor plant to overcome the negative impacts of Cd toxicity.

scholarly journals The Importance of Nitric Oxide as the Molecular Basis of the Hydrogen Gas Fumigation-Induced Alleviation of Cd Stress on Ganoderma lucidum

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Dyaaaldin Abdalmegeed ◽  
Gan Zhao ◽  
Pengfei Cheng ◽  
Javaid A. Bhat ◽  
Wajid Ali Khattak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Cd Toxicity ◽  
Nr Activity

Whether or not hydrogen gas (H2) can reduce cadmium (Cd) toxicity in Ganoderma lucidum has remained largely unknown. Here, we report that Cd-induced growth inhibition in G. lucidum was significantly alleviated by H2 fumigation or hydrogen-rich water (HRW), evaluated by lower oxidative damage and Cd accumulation. Moreover, the amelioration effects of H2 fumigation were better than of HRW in an optimum concentration of H2 under our experimental conditions. Further results showed that H2-alleviated growth inhibition in G. lucidum was accompanied by increased nitric oxide (NO) level and nitrate reductase (NR) activity under Cd stress. On the other hand, the mitigation effects were reversed after removing endogenous NO with its scavenger cPTIO or inhibiting H2-induced NR activity with sodium tungstate. The role of NO in H2-alleviated growth inhibition under Cd stress was proved to be achieved through a restoration of redox balance, an increase in cysteine and proline contents, and a reduction in Cd accumulation. In summary, these results clearly revealed that NR-dependent NO might be involved in the H2-alleviated Cd toxicity in G. lucidum through rebuilding redox homeostasis, increasing cysteine and proline levels, and reducing Cd accumulation. These findings may open a new window for H2 application in Cd-stressed economically important fungi.

scholarly journals Influence of salicylic acid on biochemical parameters and antioxidant system in mashbean plants grown under salt stress conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1786-1792
Author(s):  
Manpreet Kaur ◽  
Navita Ghai ◽  
Jagmeet Kaur ◽  
Inderjit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Tolerant Genotype

Abiotic stress factors affect almost every aspect of physiology and biochemisrtry of a plant. The present study investigates the role of salicylic acid (SA) in inducing plant tolerance to salinity. The application of 0.5 mM and 1.0 mM SA to mashbean (Vigna mungo L.) plants provided protection against 30mM or 45mM NaCl stress throughelevated antioxidant system. The genotypes KUG 363, KUG 310, (salt sensitive), KUG 502 and KUG 529 (salt tolerant) along with UL 338 (as check) were subjected to salt stress. Relative leaf water content (61%) decreased under 45mM salt stress in salt tolerant genotype KUG 529 as compared to control (85%). Leaf water potential was also recorded at 50 DAS in salt tolerant genotype KUG 529 (-2.66 mpa) and in salt sensitive genotype KUG 363(-3.76 mpa) .All the genotypes showed higher accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species under salt stress. A remarkable decrease was shown in antioxidant enzymes like catalase (179 micro mole/min/g FW) and ascorbate peroxidase (1617 n moles/min/g FW) in KUG 529 . The level of antioxidant system was enhanced catalase (184 micro mole/min/g FW) and ascorbate peroxidase (1853 n moles/min/g FW) in mashbean plants under NaCl stress following SA applications . Thus SA helped in conferring stress tolerance to mashbean plants through enhanced antioxidant system. However, tolerant genotypes responded better than sensitive ones and lower concentration of SA (0.5mM) was more effective.

scholarly journals Impacts of stroke and cognitive impairment on activities of daily living in the Taiwan longitudinal study on aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pi-Hsia Lee ◽  
Ting-Ting Yeh ◽  
Hsin-Yen Yen ◽  
Wan-Ling Hsu ◽  
Valeria Jia-Yi Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Stroke Group ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

AbstractStroke and cognitive impairment are common in older population. They often occur together and their combined effects significantly increase disability in both basic (BADLs) and instrumental (IADLs) activities of daily living. We investigated the individual and combined impacts of stroke and cognitive impairment on BADLs and IADLs. A total of 3331 community-dwelling older adults were enrolled from the Taiwan longitudinal study on aging in 2011. Both BADLs and IADLs were analyzed. Combination of stroke and cognitive impairment increased severity of ADL disabilities, but similar prevalence, similar numbers of summed BADL and IADL tasks with disability, and similar levels of difficulty for each BADL and IADL task were found between the stroke group and cognitive impairment group. The former had more difficult in dressing while the latter had more difficult in using the telephone, transport, and managing finances. A hierarchy of ADLs was also observed in all groups. ADL skill training supplemented with cognitive and physical interventions should focus on secondary prevention of dementia and improve motor functional capacity to reduce loss of ADLs.

scholarly journals Leaf water content estimation using top-of-canopy airborne hyperspectral data

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 102393
Author(s):  
Rahul Raj ◽  
Jeffrey P. Walker ◽  
Vishal Vinod ◽  
Rohit Pingale ◽  
Balaji Naik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Hyperspectral Data ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Leaf Water Content

Salicylic acid and nitric oxide increase photosynthesis and antioxidant defense in wheat under UV-B stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 686-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Yan ◽  
Y. Liu ◽  
H. Sheng ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
H. Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Defense
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