scholarly journals Prevalence of Quinolone Resistance of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli with ST131-fimH30 in a City Hospital in Hyogo, Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masazumi Teramae ◽  
Kayo Osawa ◽  
Katsumi Shigemura ◽  
Koichi Kitagawa ◽  
Toshiro Shirakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Type 1 Pili ◽  
Genes Encoding

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates are known to tolerate superior quinolone antimicrobials compared with other antibacterial agents. Among the clones belonging to sequence type (ST) 131 by multilocus sequence typing, the involvement of the H30-Rx subclone has been reported worldwide with various fimH genes encoding type 1 pili. We investigated 83 isolates of ESBL-producing E. coli and performed antimicrobial susceptibility test, CH (fumC/fimH) ST131 by typing the specific PCR. Moreover, mutation analysis of genes involved in quinolone antibiotic resistance (gyrA and parC) and ESBL genotypes were determined. As a result, 54 of 83 isolates (65.1%) of CH40-30 clones corresponding to ST131-fimH30 were detected, and all were resistant to levofloxacin. Mutations associated with this resistance were common, and included S83L and D87N of gyrA and S80I and E84V of parC. Subclone analysis revealed a high proportion of fimH30-non-Rx (40 isolates, 74.1%). Each subclone was characterized by ESBL genotype, and the CTX-M-15 type was mainly seen for fimH30-Rx, with the CTX-M-14 type or CTX-M-27 type seen for fimH30-non-Rx. This study suggests that an increase in ESBL-producing quinolone-resistant E. coli in a city hospital in Hyogo, Japan, was caused by the spread of subclones belonging to fimH30-non-Rx of ST131.

scholarly journals Periplasmic Peptidyl Prolyl cis-trans Isomerases Are Not Essential for Viability, but SurA Is Required for Pilus Biogenesis in Escherichia coli

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (22) ◽  
pp. 7680-7686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl S. Justice ◽  
David A. Hunstad ◽  
Jill Reiss Harper ◽  
Amy R. Duguay ◽  
Jerome S. Pinkner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Outer Membranes ◽  
Type 1 Pili ◽  
Pilus Biogenesis ◽  
Quadruple Mutant ◽  
Increased Susceptibility ◽  
Pilus Assembly

ABSTRACT In Escherichia coli, FkpA, PpiA, PpiD, and SurA are the four known periplasmic cis-trans prolyl isomerases. These isomerases facilitate proper protein folding by increasing the rate of transition of proline residues between the cis and trans states. Genetic inactivation of all four periplasmic isomerases resulted in a viable strain that exhibited a decreased growth rate and increased susceptibility to certain antibiotics. Levels of the outer membrane proteins LamB and OmpA in the quadruple mutant were indistinguishable from those in the surA single mutant. In addition, expression of P and type 1 pili (adhesive organelles produced by uropathogenic strains of E. coli and assembled by the chaperone/usher pathway) were severely diminished in the absence of the four periplasmic isomerases. Maturation of the usher was significantly impaired in the outer membranes of strains devoid of all four periplasmic isomerases, resulting in a defect in pilus assembly. Moreover, this defect in pilus assembly and usher stability could be attributed to the absence of SurA. The data presented here suggest that the four periplasmic isomerases are not essential for growth under laboratory conditions but may have significant roles in survival in environmental and pathogenic niches, as indicated by the effect on pilus production.

scholarly journals Analysis of blood stream infections: Antimicrobial susceptibility and associated types of extended spectrum β-lactamases

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1285-1293
Author(s):  
Lorina I. Badger-Emeka ◽  
Zainab Yaseen Al-Jaziri ◽  
Naheed Kausar ◽  
Nora Ahmad Al-Muhainy ◽  
Edric Estrella
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Blood Stream Infections ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Purpose: To investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility and extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production by clinical isolates of Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) and Klebsiella species (ESBL-KP) associated with blood stream infections (BSIs).Methods: Bacteria isolation and identification were carried out using basic bacteriological and biochemical techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed according to the guidelines of the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). Vitek 2 Compact automated system was used toconfirm the identifications (ID) and antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST). The ESBL produced by E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were  phenotypically characterised using Modified Double Disc Synergy Test (MDDST), as recommended by CLSI.Results: All (100 %) isolates were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem, while susceptibility to other antibiotics varied. ESBL genotypes, viz, blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX were encountered in the BSIs. For ESBL-EC, TEM, SHV and CTX producers accounted for 33, 16.67 and 58.3 %,  respectively, while 75, 91.7 and 100 % of ESBL-KP were TEM, SHV and CTX producers, respectively. In ESBL-KP, 67 % coexisted with all three genotypes (blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX, while 8.3 % of ESBL-EC coexisted with the three encoding genes (CTX, SHV and TEM).Conclusion: ESBL E. coli and K. pneumoniae associated with BSI have been identified as TEM, SHV and CXT producers, with more ESBL-KP coexisting with all three than ESBL-EC. Keywords: β-Lactamases, Genes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli

scholarly journals CTX-M-14 and CTX-M-15 enzymes are the dominant type of extended-spectrum β-lactamase in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli from Korea

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wonkeun Song ◽  
Hyukmin Lee ◽  
Kyungwon Lee ◽  
Seok Hoon Jeong ◽  
Il Kwon Bae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Hydrolytic Activity ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
M 14

This study was performed to assess the prevalence and genotypes of plasmid-borne extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC β-lactamases in Escherichia coli in Korea. A total of 576 isolates of E. coli was collected from 12 Korean hospitals during May and July 2007. A phenotypic confirmatory test detected ESBLs in 82 (14.2 %) of the 576 E. coli isolates. The most common types of ESBLs identified were CTX-M-14 (n=32) and CTX-M-15 (n=27). The prevalence and diversity of the CTX-M mutants, including CTX-M-15, CTX-M-27 and CTX-M-57, with significant hydrolytic activity against ceftazidime were increased. PCR experiments detected genes encoding plasmid-borne AmpC β-lactamases in 15/56 cefoxitin-intermediate or cefoxitin-resistant isolates, and the most common type of AmpC β-lactamase identified was DHA-1 (n=10). These data suggest that the incidence of ESBLs in E. coli has increased as a result of the dissemination of CTX-M enzymes in Korea. In addition, CTX-M-22, CTX-M-27 and CTX-M-57 have appeared in Korea.

scholarly journals Occurrence and characterisation of MRSA and extended-spectrum ß-lactamases producing Escherichia coli isolated from mastitic cows’ milk

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Weiner ◽  
Hanna Różańska ◽  
Maria Kubajka ◽  
Krzysztof Szulowski ◽  
Monika Krajewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Peptone Water

Abstract The aim of study was the preliminary evaluation of the occurrence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and extended spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBL) - producing Escherichia coli in 650 milk and inflammatory secretions from cows with clinical or subclinical mastitis. One millilitre of the sample was added to Mueller-Hinton broth supplemented with 6.5% NaCl, Tryptone Soya Broth with cefoxitin and aztreonam, and then to MRSA ID agar. Presumptive MRSA colonies were analysed for the presence of mecA gene. Parallel to MRSA identification, the samples were incubated in buffered peptone water, lauryl tryptose broth and McConkey agar supplemented with cefotaxim for ESBL-producing E. coli isolation. These bacteria were identified using API Rapid 32 E and the ability of ESBL production was initially established using disc test D68C and confirmed by MIC technique using Sensititre ESBL plates. The primers (blaCTX, blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCMY-2-group) for the detection of some of the genes encoding ESBL production were used. The 45 strains of S. aureus with mecA gene and 41 strains of E. coli with blaTEM gene were detected.

scholarly journals Immunoglobulin-Mediated Agglutination of and Biofilm Formation by Escherichia coli K-12 Require the Type 1 Pilus Fiber

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1929-1938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E. Orndorff ◽  
Aditya Devapali ◽  
Sarah Palestrant ◽  
Aaron Wyse ◽  
Mary Lou Everett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Minor Component ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Type 1 Pili ◽  
K 12

ABSTRACT The binding of human secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), the primary immunoglobulin in the gut, to Escherichia coli is thought to be dependent on type 1 pili. Type 1 pili are filamentous bacterial surface attachment organelles comprised principally of a single protein, the product of the fimA gene. A minor component of the pilus fiber (the product of the fimH gene, termed the adhesin) mediates attachment to a variety of host cell molecules in a mannose inhibitable interaction that has been extensively described. We found that the aggregation of E. coli K-12 by human secretory IgA (SIgA) was dependent on the presence of the pilus fiber, even in the absence of the mannose specific adhesin or in the presence of 25 mM α-CH3Man. The presence of pilus without adhesin also facilitated SIgA-mediated biofilm formation on polystyrene, although biofilm formation was stronger in the presence of the adhesin. IgM also mediated aggregation and biofilm formation in a manner dependent on pili with or without adhesin. These findings indicate that the pilus fiber, even in the absence of the adhesin, may play a role in biologically important processes. Under conditions in which E. coli was agglutinated by SIgA, the binding of SIgA to E. coli was not increased by the presence of the pili, with or without adhesin. This observation suggests that the pili, with or without adhesin, affect factors such as cell surface rigidity or electrostatic repulsion, which can affect agglutination but which do not necessarily determine the level of bound immunoglobulin.

scholarly journals The Occurrence of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM Genes in Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Positive Strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis in Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Ojdana ◽  
Paweł Sacha ◽  
Piotr Wieczorek ◽  
Sławomir Czaban ◽  
Anna Michalska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Genes Encoding

Bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family that produce extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) enzymes are important pathogens of infections. Increasing numbers of ESBL-producing bacterial strains exhibiting multidrug resistance have been observed. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM genes among ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis strains and to examine susceptibility to antibiotics of tested strains. In our study, thirty-six of the tested strains exhibited blaCTX-M genes (blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-3, blaCTX-M-91, and blaCTX-M-89). Moreover, twelve ESBL-positive strains harbored blaSHV genes (blaSHV-18, blaSHV-7, blaSHV-2, and blaSHV-5), and the presence of a blaTEM gene (blaTEM-1) in twenty-five ESBL-positive strains was revealed. Among K. pneumoniae the multiple ESBL genotype composed of blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-3, blaSHV-18, blaSHV-7, blaSHV-2, and blaSHV-5 genes encoding particular ESBL variants was observed. Analysis of bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics revealed that, among β-lactam antibiotics, the most effective against E. coli strains was meropenem (100%), whereas K. pneumoniae were completely susceptible to ertapenem and meropenem (100%), and P. mirabilis strains were susceptible to ertapenem (91.7%). Moreover, among non-β-lactam antibiotics, gentamicin showed the highest activity to E. coli (91.7%) and ciprofloxacin the highest to K. pneumoniae (83.3%). P. mirabilis revealed the highest susceptibility to amikacin (66.7%).

scholarly journals A Novel Putrescine Importer Required for Type 1 Pili-driven Surface Motility Induced by Extracellular Putrescine in Escherichia coli K-12

2011 ◽  
Vol 286 (12) ◽  
pp. 10185-10192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Kurihara ◽  
Hideyuki Suzuki ◽  
Mayu Oshida ◽  
Yoshimi Benno
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Plasmid Vector ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gene Deletions ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Type 1 Pili ◽  
Transport Assay ◽  
Surface Motility ◽  
K 12

Recently, many studies have reported that polyamines play a role in bacterial cell-to-cell signaling processes. The present study describes a novel putrescine importer required for induction of type 1 pili-driven surface motility. The surface motility of the Escherichia coli ΔspeAB ΔspeC ΔpotABCD strain, which cannot produce putrescine and cannot import spermidine from the medium, was induced by extracellular putrescine. Introduction of the gene deletions for known polyamine importers (ΔpotE, ΔpotFGHI, and ΔpuuP) or a putative polyamine importer (ΔydcSTUV) into the ΔspeAB ΔspeC ΔpotABCD strain did not affect putrescine-induced surface motility. The deletion of yeeF, an annotated putative putrescine importer, in the ΔspeAB ΔspeC ΔpotABCD ΔydcSTUV strain abolished surface motility in putrescine-supplemented medium. Complementation of yeeF by a plasmid vector restored surface motility. The surface motility observed in the present study was abolished by the deletion of fimA, suggesting that the surface motility is type 1 pili-driven. A transport assay using the yeeF+ or ΔyeeF strains revealed that YeeF is a novel putrescine importer. The Km of YeeF (155 μm) is 40 to 300 times higher than that of other importers reported previously. On the other hand, the Vmax of YeeF (9.3 nmol/min/mg) is comparable to that of PotABCD, PotFGHI, and PuuP. The low affinity of YeeF for putrescine may allow E. coli to sense the cell density depending on the concentration of extracellular putrescine.

scholarly journals Diversity of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases and Class C β-Lactamases among Cloacal Escherichia coli Isolates in Belgian Broiler Farms

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1238-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemieke Smet ◽  
An Martel ◽  
Davy Persoons ◽  
Jeroen Dewulf ◽  
Marc Heyndrickx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Class C ◽  
Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic Pcr

ABSTRACT A total of 295 ceftiofur-resistant Escherichia coli isolates were obtained from 489 cloacal samples collected at five different Belgian broiler farms with the aim to evaluate the diversity of this resistance at the farm level. Strains were examined for resistance against β-lactam antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents by using disk diffusion tests. Three different β-lactam resistance phenotypes suggested the presence of an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), a class C β-lactamase, or the combination of an ESBL with a class C β-lactamase. Seventy-six percent of these isolates also showed acquired resistance to other antimicrobial agents. After genotyping by repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR, 51 unrelated E. coli strains were selected for further analyses. Isoelectric focusing and sequencing of the amplicons obtained in PCRs for the detection of genes encoding broad-spectrum β-lactamase enzymes revealed the following ESBLs: TEM-52 (13.2%), TEM-106 (2%), CTX-M-1 (27.4%), CTX-M-2 (7.8%), CTX-M-14 (5.9%), and CTX-M-15 (2%). The only plasmidic AmpC β-lactamase found in this study was the CMY-2 enzyme (49%). Mutations in the promoter and attenuator regions of the chromosomal ampC gene were found only in association with bla CMY-2 genes and ESBL genes. The combination of an ESBL (CTX-M-1) with a plasmidic AmpC β-lactamase (CMY-2) was found in 7.8% of the isolates. These data show that ceftiofur-resistant E. coli strains are often present in cloacal samples of broilers at the farm level in Belgium. The diversity of broad-spectrum β-lactamases among these isolates is high, and they may act as a reservoir of ESBL and ampC genes.

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