scholarly journals Immunomorphological Pattern of Molecular Chaperones in Normal and Pathological Thyroid Tissues and Circulating Exosomes: Potential Use in Clinics

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 4496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celeste Caruso Bavisotto ◽  
Calogero Cipolla ◽  
Giuseppa Graceffa ◽  
Rosario Barone ◽  
Fabio Bucchieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Chaperones ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Benign Goiter ◽  
Ablative Surgery ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Peritumoral Tissue ◽  
Potential Use

The thyroid is a major component of the endocrine system and its pathology can cause serious diseases, e.g., papillary carcinoma (PC). However, the carcinogenic mechanisms are poorly understood and clinical useful biomarkers are scarce. Therefore, we determined if there are quantitative patterns of molecular chaperones in the tumor tissue and circulating exosomes that may be useful in diagnosis and provide clues on their participation in carcinogenesis. Hsp27, Hsp60, Hsp70, and Hsp90 were quantified by immunohistochemistry in PC, benign goiter (BG), and normal peritumoral tissue (PT). The same chaperones were assessed in plasma exosomes from PC and BG patients before and after ablative surgery, using Western blotting. Hsp27, Hsp60, and Hsp90 were increased in PC in comparison with PT and BG but no differences were found for Hsp70. Similarly, exosomal levels of Hsp27, Hsp60, and Hsp90 were higher in PC than in BG, and those in PC were higher before ablative surgery than after it. Hsp27, Hsp60, and Hsp90 show distinctive quantitative patterns in thyroid tissue and circulating exosomes in PC as compared with BG, suggesting some implication in the carcinogenesis of these chaperones and indicating their potential as biomarkers for clinical applications.

Dysprosium-enhanced MR imaging for tumor tissue characterization

1997 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Wang ◽  
A. Sundin ◽  
A. Ericsson ◽  
T. Bach-Gansmo ◽  
A. Hemmingsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Histological Sections ◽  
Necrotic Tumor ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Weighted Sequences

Purpose: to evaluate dysprosium-enhanced MR imaging for differentiation between morphologically intact and necrotic tumor tissue in a tumor model. Material and Methods: A human colon carcinoma was transplanted subcutaneously into 9 nude (immunodeprived) rats. MR imaging was performed before and after injection of the dysprosium agent Dy-DTPA-BMA. T1-, T2- and T2*-weighted sequences were acquired. the tumors were dissected, histological sections were prepared, and compared with corresponding MR images. Results: in intact tissue, the MR signal intensity in the T2- and T2*-weighted images decreased after Dy injection and the delineation of the intact regions were sharp and corresponded well to the gross histological sections. Conclusion: Dy-enhanced MR imaging facilitated the differentiation between intact and necrotic tumor tissue.

Potential clinical applications of circulating cell-free DNA in ovarian cancer patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Barbosa ◽  
Ana Peixoto ◽  
Pedro Pinto ◽  
Manuela Pinheiro ◽  
Manuel R. Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Epigenetic Alterations ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Circulating Cell Free Dna

AbstractCirculating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) consists of small fragments of DNA that circulate freely in the bloodstream. In cancer patients, a fraction of cfDNA is derived from tumour cells, therefore containing the same genetic and epigenetic alterations, and is termed circulating cell-free tumour DNA. The potential use of cfDNA, the so-called ‘liquid biopsy’, as a non-invasive cancer biomarker has recently received a lot of attention. The present review will focus on studies concerning the potential clinical applications of cfDNA in ovarian cancer patients.

Speech Waveform Perturbation Analysis

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders G. Askenfelt ◽  
Britta Hammarberg
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Pitch Period ◽  
Acoustic Measures ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Perturbation Data ◽  
Acoustic Measure ◽  
Pathological Voice

The performance of seven acoustic measures of cycle-to-cycle variations (perturbations) in the speech waveform was compared. All measures were calculated automatically and applied on running speech. Three of the measures refer to the frequency of occurrence and severity of waveform perturbations in special selected parts of the speech, identified by means of the rate of change in the fundamental frequency. Three other measures refer to statistical properties of the distribution of the relative frequency differences between adjacent pitch periods. One perturbation measure refers to the percentage of consecutive pitch period differences with alternating signs. The acoustic measures were tested on tape recorded speech samples from 41 voice patients, before and after successful therapy. Scattergrams of acoustic waveform perturbation data versus an average of perceived deviant voice qualities, as rated by voice clinicians, are presented. The perturbation measures were compared with regard to the acoustic-perceptual correlation and their ability to discriminate between normal and pathological voice status. The standard deviation of the distribution of the relative frequency differences was suggested as the most useful acoustic measure of waveform perturbations for clinical applications.

scholarly journals Possibility of Using Fermented Curly Kale Juice to Manufacture Feta-Type Cheese

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4020
Author(s):  
Magdalena Michalak ◽  
Katarzyna Skrzypczak ◽  
Maciej Nastaj ◽  
Konrad Terpiłowski ◽  
Tomasz Skrzypek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Microstructure Characteristics ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Microbial Enumeration ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Cheese Production ◽  
Improved Characteristics

This paper reports the potential use of fermented curly kale juice in Feta-type cheese production. The rheological study and Turbiscan assay demonstrated that fermented curly kale juice coupled with rennet accelerated curd formation resulted in a stronger curd compared to the sample containing rennet alone. Laboratory-scale cheese was manufactured from cow’s milk with the use of fermented curly kale juice. Several parameters that affect the quality of cheese were investigated, including physicochemical, textural and microstructure characteristics. The content of amino acids and fatty acids was determined, surface properties were assessed and microbial enumeration of the experimental cheese was carried out before and after ripening. The values of pH and the content of lactose and protein significantly decreased as a result of maturation. In turn, an increase in LAB growth as well as saturated and unsaturated fatty acids was observed. The use of the fermented curly kale juice improved the textural characteristics and changed the microstructure of the obtained cheese. Finally, the ripening process enhanced the amino acid profile of the Feta-type cheese. These findings indicate that the fermented curly kale juice can be used for manufacture of cheese with improved characteristics and functional properties.

Simplified Scatchard-Plot Assay for Estrogen Receptor in Human Breast Tumor

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1725-1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy B Johnson ◽  
Robert M Nakamura ◽  
Rose Mary Libby
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Breast Tumor ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Scatchard Plot ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Human Breast Tumor ◽  
Pregnant Rabbit ◽  
Before And After

Abstract In this two-point Scatchard-plot assay, with which a test of competitive inhibition is combined, the sample is mechanically homogenized in a buffer containing dithiothreitol, ultracentrifuged to obtain a fat-free cytosol, the protein content of which is then adjusted, and free and bound labeled estradiol are separated with dextrancoated charcoal after overnight incubation. We tested the method for precision and reliability by assaying such cytosols from pregnant rabbit uteri before and after dilution with kidney cytosol, and by assaying several other target and nontarget animal and human tissues. The Scatchard plot data were more reliable than tests for percent inhibition of binding by a competitor (diethylstilbestrol). For a tumor tissue to be judged positive it must bind at least 8 fmol of estradiol per milligram of protein and have a Kd of 0.1 to 5 x 10-10 mol/liter. Some nontarget tissues showed less than 70% inhibition by 104-fold concentrations (over labeled estradiol) of inhibitor. Of 19 breast-tumor specimens, seven were found to be positive.

scholarly journals Expression of miRNA and Occurrence of Distant Metastases in Patients with Hürthle Cell Carcinoma

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rok Petric ◽  
Barbara Gazic ◽  
Katja Goricar ◽  
Vita Dolzan ◽  
Radan Dzodic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Rare Type ◽  
Hürthle Cell ◽  
U6 Snrna ◽  
Ffpe Samples

Background. Hürthle cell thyroid carcinoma (HCTC) is a rare type of thyroid carcinoma. In the present study, we investigated whether the expression of miRNAs of interest is associated with the occurrence of metastases in patients with HCTC.Materials and Methods. In 39 patients with HCTC (22 with nonmetastatic and 17 with regional or distant metastatic disease), the expression levels of six miRNAs (miR-138, miR-183, miR-221, miR-222, miR-768-3p, and miR-885-5p) and U6 snRNA as endogenous control were determined in FFPE samples of primary tumor and normal thyroid tissue using TaqMan miRNA assays.Results. In patients with HCTC, miR-138 and miR-768-3p were downregulated in tumor samples compared to normal tissue (p=0.013andp=0.010, resp.). These two miRNAs were also significantly downregulated in tumor samples of patients with metastatic disease (p=0.030andp=0.048, resp.) but not in patients with nonmetastatic disease (p=0.249andp=0.101, resp.). In patients with nonmetastatic disease, miR-221 and miR-885-5p were slightly, albeit significantly, upregulated in tumorous compared to normal tissue (p=0.042andp=0.027, resp.).Conclusion. Expression of miRNA (miR-183, miR-221, and miR-885-5p) in tumor tissue is associated with the occurrence of distant metastases in patients with HCTC.

Survivin Expression as a Prognostic Factor in Patients With Epithelial Ovarian Cancer or Primary Peritoneal Cancer Treated With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Gąsowska-Bodnar ◽  
Lubomir Bodnar ◽  
Andrzej Dąbek ◽  
Marzena Cichowicz ◽  
Małgorzata Jerzak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Survivin Expression ◽  
Debulking Surgery ◽  
P53 Expression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Interval Debulking Surgery ◽  
Before And After

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate association of expression of survivin and p53 with the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with advanced ovarian cancer (AOC).MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 60 consecutive patients with AOC (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IIIC-IV) treated with NAC. The expression of p53 and survivin was assessed immunohistochemically. The median of expression total score survivin equals 2 was adopted to dichotomize the group. The positive and negative expression of p53 was used to dichotomize the group.ResultsThe expression of survivin in tumor tissue taken before and after NAC was a significant difference in the percentage of stained nuclei (P= 0.0002), the intensity of staining (P= 0.0003), and total score (P= 0.0001). There was a significant difference in p53 expression in tumor tissue before and after NAC in the percentage of stained nuclei (P= 0.0424). Survivin expression, in contrast to p53 expression, was a prognostic factor in patients with AOC treated with NAC (P= 0.0484). The expression of survivin and p53 was not a predictive factor. Independent adverse predictor factors were as follows: lack of optimal interval debulking surgery and the lack of an objective response (the respective hazard ratio was 3.93 [95% confidence interval, 2.07–7.46;P< 0.0001] and 2.36 [95% confidence interval,1.25–4.47;P= 0.0080]). The suboptimal range of interval debulking surgery, resistance to platinum, and the lack of paclitaxel in the NAC were adverse prognostic factors (the respective hazard ratio was 2.61 [95% confidence interval, 1.17–5.83], 2.72 [95% confidence interval, 1.07–6.89], and 2.56 [95% confidence interval, 1.06–6.18];P< 0.05]).ConclusionsHigh expression of survivin could be a prognostic factor in patients treated with NAC for AOC.

scholarly journals Endocrine Responses to Overreaching Before and After 1 Year of Weightlifting

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Fry ◽  
William J. Kraemer ◽  
Scott E. Gordon ◽  
Michael H. Stone ◽  
Beverly J. Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Prior Exposure ◽  
Training Volume ◽  
Key Words Testosterone ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
One Year

Nine elite male junior weightlifters (mean age 17.6 ± 0.3 yrs) performed weightlifting tests before (Test 1) and after (Test 2) 1 week of increased training volume (overreaching) and repeated the protocol after 1 year of their training program. Strength increased by Year 2 (p < 0.05) but did not change during either week of increased training volume. The 1-week overreaching stimulus resulted in attenuated exercise-induced testosterone concentrations during Year 1, but augmented exercise-induced testosterone concentrations during Year 2. Testosterone concentrations at 7 a.m. decreased for only Year 1. For both years, the 1-week overreaching stimulus increased Cortisol at 7 a.m., indicative of the increased training volumes. Testosterone/Cortisol was not affected by increased training volume for either year. One year of chronic weightlifting and prior exposure to the overreaching stimulus appears to decrease the detrimental effects of stressful training on the endocrine system. Key words: testosterone, Cortisol, weightlifting, overtraining

Integration of biosensors based on microfluidic: a review

Sensor Review ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin TermehYousefi ◽  
Samira Bagheri ◽  
Nahrizul Adib
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Selective Detection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Reliable Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Devices ◽  
Potential Use

Purpose – Biotechnology is closely associated to microfluidics. During the last decade, designs of microfluidic devices such as geometries and scales have been modified and improved according to the applications for better performance. Numerous sensor technologies existing in the industry has potential use for clinical applications. Fabrication techniques of microfluidics initially rooted from the electromechanical systems (EMS) technology. Design/methodology/approach – In this review, we emphasized on the most available manufacture approaches to fabricate microchannels, their applications and the properties which make them unique components in biological studies. Findings – Major fundamental and technological advances demonstrate the enhancing of capabilities and improving the reliability of biosensors based on microfluidic. Several researchers have been reported verity of methods to fabricate different devices based on EMS technology due to the electroconductivity properties and their small size of them. Therefore, controlled fabrication method of MEMS plays an important role to design and fabricate a highly selective detection of medical devices in a variety of biological fluids. Stable, tight and reliable monitoring devices for biological components still remains a massive challenge and several studies focused on MEMS to fabricate simple and easy monitoring devices. Originality/value – This paper is not submitted or under review in any other journal.

scholarly journals Heat-induced Alterations in the Localization of HSP72 and HSP73 as Measured by Indirect Immunohistochemistry and Immunogold Electron Microscopy

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Ellis ◽  
Marilyn Killender ◽  
Robin L. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Molecular Chaperones ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Stress Proteins ◽  
Immunogold Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
Microscopy Technique ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Shock Proteins

The heat shock proteins are a family of stress-inducible proteins that act as molecular chaperones for nascent proteins and assist in protection and repair of proteins whose conformation is altered by stress. HSP72 and HSP73 are two major cytosolic/nuclear stress proteins of mammalian cells, with extensive sequence homology. HSP73 is constitutively expressed, whereas HSP72 is highly stress-inducible. However, it is unclear why two isoforms are expressed and whether these two proteins have different functions in the cell. To assist in the delineation of function, we have completed a detailed study of the localization of HSP72 and HSP73 in the cell before and after heat stress, using two different methods of detection. By indirect immunohistochemistry, the localization of these two proteins is similar, cytoplasmic and nuclear in nonstressed cells with a translocation to nucleoli immediately after heat. By the more sensitive immunogold electron microscopy technique, differences in localization were noted. In nonstressed cells, HSP72 was primarily nuclear, localized in heterochromatic regions and in nucleoli. HSP73 was distributed throughout the cell, with most cytoplasmic label associated with mitochondria. Mitotic chromosomes were also heavily labeled. After stress, HSP72 concentrated in nuclei and nucleoli and HSP73 localized to nuclei, nucleoli, and cytoplasm, with increased label over mitochondria. These differences in localization suggest that the HSP72 and HSP73 may associate with different proteins or complexes and hence have different but overlapping functions in the cell.

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