Hippocampus Metabolic Disturbance and Autophagy Deficiency in Olfactory Bulbectomized Rats and the Modulatory Effect of Fluoxetine

Yunfeng Zhou; Xue Tao; Zhi Wang; Li Feng; Lisha Wang; Xinmin Liu; Ruile Pan; Yonghong Liao; Qi Chang

doi:10.3390/ijms20174282

Hippocampus Metabolic Disturbance and Autophagy Deficiency in Olfactory Bulbectomized Rats and the Modulatory Effect of Fluoxetine

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20174282 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (17) ◽

pp. 4282 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yunfeng Zhou ◽

Xue Tao ◽

Zhi Wang ◽

Li Feng ◽

Lisha Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Profile ◽

Amino Acid Metabolism ◽

Acid Metabolism ◽

Memory Deficits ◽

Memory Deficit ◽

Metabolic Disturbance ◽

Behavioral Changes ◽

Post Surgery ◽

Fluoxetine Treatment ◽

Potential Biomarkers

An olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) rodent is a widely-used model for depression (especially for agitated depression). The present study aims to investigate the hippocampus metabolic profile and autophagy-related pathways in OBX rats and to explore the modulatory roles of fluoxetine. OBX rats were given a 30-day fluoxetine treatment after post-surgery rehabilitation, and then behavioral changes were evaluated. Subsequently, the hippocampus was harvested for metabonomics analysis and Western blot detection. As a result, OBX rats exhibited a significantly increased hyperemotionality score and declined spatial memory ability. Fluoxetine reduced the hyperemotional response, but failed to restore the memory deficit in OBX rats. Sixteen metabolites were identified as potential biomarkers for the OBX model including six that were rectified by fluoxetine. Disturbed pathways were involved in amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, purine metabolism, and energy metabolism. In addition, autophagy was markedly inhibited in the hippocampus of OBX rats. Fluoxetine could promote autophagy by up-regulating the expression of LC3 II, beclin1, and p-AMPK/AMPK, and down-regulating the levels of p62, p-Akt/Akt, p-mTOR/mTOR, and p-ULK1/ULK1. Our findings indicated that OBX caused marked abnormalities in hippocampus metabolites and autophagy, and fluoxetine could partly redress the metabolic disturbance and enhance autophagy to reverse the depressive-like behavior, but not the memory deficits in OBX rats.

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Metabolic profile of in vitro derived human embryos is not affected by the mode of fertilization

MHR Basic science of reproductive medicine ◽

10.1093/molehr/gaaa015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 277-287

Author(s):

Christine Leary ◽

Roger G Sturmey

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Metabolic Profile ◽

Amino Acid Metabolism ◽

Acid Metabolism ◽

Human Embryos ◽

Embryo Morphology ◽

Male Factor ◽

Triglyceride Content

Abstract The pattern of metabolism by early embryos in vitro has been linked to a range of phenotypes, including viability. However, the extent to which metabolic function of embryos is modified by specific methods used during ART has yet to be fully described. This study has sought to determine if the mode of fertilization used to create embryos affects subsequent embryo metabolism of substrates. A metabolic profile, including consumption of key substrates and the endogenous triglyceride content of individual IVF and ICSI supernumerary embryos, was assessed and compared. Embryo development and quality was also recorded. All embryos were donated at a single clinical IVF center, on Day 5, from 36 patients aged 18–38 years, The data revealed that consumption of glucose and pyruvate, and production of lactate, did not differ between embryos created by IVF or ICSI. Similarly, the mode of insemination did not impact on the triglyceride content of embryos. However, ICSI-derived embryos displayed a more active turnover of amino acids (P = 0.023), compared to IVF embryos. The specific amino acids produced in higher quantities from ICSI compared to IVF embryos were aspartate (P = 0.016), asparagine (P = 0.04), histidine (P = 0.021) and threonine (P = 0.009) while leucine consumption was significantly lower (P = 0.04). However, importantly neither individual nor collective differences in amino acid metabolism were apparent for sibling oocytes subjected to either mode of fertilization. Embryo morphology (the number of top grade embryos) and development (proportion reaching the blastocyst stage) were comparable in patients undergoing IVF and ICSI. In conclusion, the microinjection of spermatozoa into oocytes does not appear to have an impact on subsequent metabolism and viability. Observed differences in amino acid metabolism may be attributed to male factor infertility of the patients rather than the ICSI procedure per se.

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Studies on the Mechanism of Glutamate Metabolism in NTG-Induced Migraine Rats Treated with DCXF

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/1324797 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Ni Ni ◽

Qingqing Wang ◽

Xiao Lin ◽

Yanlong Hong ◽

Yi Feng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Profile ◽

Amino Acid Metabolism ◽

Time Trend ◽

Acid Metabolism ◽

Glutamate Metabolism ◽

Active Components ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Time Points ◽

Gs Protein ◽

Tof Ms

Objective. To explore the mechanism of the antimigraine effect by active components extracted from the Dachuanxiong prescription (DCXF), nitroglycerin- (NTG-) induced migraine rats were used to detect the change of glutamate metabolism and the overall metabolic profile at different time points in the serum and Trigeminocervical complex(TCC) samples. Method. The biological samples that were obtained at 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 90 minutes after model establishment or drug administration were tested by GC-TOF-MS. Then, real-time PCR and western blot were applied to detect changes in the expression of some substances involved in glutamate metabolism. Result. DCXF could improve the metabolic profile of serum and TCC in migraine rats and showed the time trend of treatment, mainly involved by amino acid metabolism (glutamate, aspartic acid, and alanine metabolism). In addition, DCXF could increase the expressions of GS at 60 min and 90 min and EAAT1 at 90 min. The results of GS protein were similar to that of mRNA. Conclusion. The antimigraine effect of DCXF could be achieved by improving the metabolic profile and increasing the expressions of GS and EAAT1 to promote the glutamate cycle of TCC and serum samples in NTG-induced migraine rats to a certain extent.

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A Urinary Metabolomics Analysis Based on UPLC-MS and Effects of Moxibustion in APP/PS1 Mice

Current Alzheimer Research ◽

10.2174/1567205017666201109091759 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (8) ◽

pp. 753-765

Author(s):

Rui He ◽

Juntian Liu ◽

Chang Huang ◽

Jinyi Liu ◽

Herong Cui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Amino Acid Metabolism ◽

Acid Metabolism ◽

Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽

Principal Component ◽

Sucrose Metabolism ◽

Control Group ◽

Starch Metabolism ◽

Moxibustion Group ◽

Potential Biomarkers

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder with the symptoms of cognitive impairment and decreased learning and memory abilities. Metabolomics can reflect the related functional status and physiological and pathological changes in the process of AD. Moxibustion is a unique method in traditional Chinese medicine, which has been used in the treatment and prevention of diseases for thousands of years. Methods: A total of 32 APP/PS1 mice were randomly divided into the model group, moxibustion group, moxa smoke group and smoke-free moxibustion group (n=8/group), using the random number table method, while eight C57BL/6 mice were used as the control group. The five groups were measured for 20 min/day, 6 days/week, for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks’ experiment, all the mice were placed in metabolic cages to collect urine continuously for 24 hours, for UPLC-MS analysis. Results: Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the different metabolites among the five groups, and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was performed to reveal the effects on the metabolic variance. Sixteen potential biomarkers were identified among the five groups, primarily related to amino acid metabolism, starch metabolism, sucrose metabolism, interconversion of pentose and glucuronate, and aminoacyl biosynthesis. There were 17 differences in the potential metabolites between the control and model groups, involving the metabolism of amino acid, purine, pyrimidine, nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, and biosynthesis of pantothenate and coenzyme A. Fifteen potential biomarkers were identified between the model and moxibustion groups, related to starch metabolism, sucrose metabolism, interconversion of pentose and glucuronate, glyoxylate, dicarboxylate anions and some amino acid metabolism. Conclusion: Moxibustion can regulate the metabolism of substance and energy by improving the synthesis and decomposition of carbohydrates and amino acids in APP/PS1 transgenic AD model mice.

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Early galactooligosaccharide intervention alters the metabolic profile, improves the antioxidant capacity of mitochondria and activates the AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway in suckling piglet liver

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d0fo01486a ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 7280-7292

Author(s):

Jue Wang ◽

Shiyi Tian ◽

Jing Wang ◽

Weiyun Zhu

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Signaling Pathway ◽

Metabolic Profile ◽

Amino Acid Metabolism ◽

Acid Metabolism ◽

Lipid Catabolism ◽

Nrf2 Signaling Pathway ◽

Suckling Piglets ◽

Suckling Piglet

The early GOS intervention altered the composition of the hepatic metabolic profile by promoting lipid catabolism and regulating amino acid metabolism in the suckling piglets.

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