scholarly journals Vitamin D Supplementation Reduces Both Oxidative DNA Damage and Insulin Resistance in the Elderly with Metabolic Disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Wenclewska ◽  
Izabela Szymczak-Pajor ◽  
Józef Drzewoski ◽  
Mariusz Bunk ◽  
Agnieszka Śliwińska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Metabolic Parameters

Background: Research evidence indicates that vitamin D deficiency is involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance (IR) and associated metabolic disorders including hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. It also suggested that vitamin D deficiency is associated with elevated levels of oxidative stress and its complications. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on DNA damage and metabolic parameters in vitamin D deficient individuals aged >45 with metabolic disorders. Material and Methods: Of 98 initially screened participants, 92 subjects deficient in vitamin D were included in the study. They were randomly assigned to the following group: with vitamin D supplementation (intervention group, n = 48) and without supplementation (comparative group, n = 44). The patients from both groups were divided into two subgroups according to the presence or absence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The intervention group was treated with 2000 International Unit (IU) cholecalciferol/day between October and March for three months. At baseline and after three-month supplementation vitamin D concentration (25-OH)D3 and endogenous and oxidative DNA damage were determined. In addition, fast plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin, HbA1c and lipid fraction (total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), triglyceride (TG)), as well as anthropometric measurements (weight, height) were gathered. The following IR-related parameters were calculated Homeostatic Model Assesment – Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and TG/HDL ratio. Results: Three-month vitamin D supplementation increased the mean vitamin D concentration to generally accepted physiological level independently of T2DM presence. Importantly, vitamin D exposure decreased the level of oxidative DNA damage in lymphocytes of patients of intervention group. Among studied metabolic parameters, vitamin D markedly increased HDL level, decreased HOMA-IR, TG/HDL ratio. Furthermore, we found that HbA1c percentage diminished about 0.5% in T2DM patients supplemented with vitamin D. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated that daily 2000I U intake of vitamin D for three months decreased the level of oxidative DNA damage, a marker of oxidative stress, independently on T2DM presence. Furthermore, vitamin D reduced metabolic parameters connected with IR and improved glucose and lipid metabolism. Therefore, our results support the assertion that vitamin D, by reducing oxidative stress and improving of metabolic profile, may decrease IR and related diseases.

scholarly journals Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Fasting Plasma Glucose, Insulin Resistance and Lipid Profile in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimia Sedighi ◽  
Roghayeh Shahbazi ◽  
Elham Boushehri ◽  
Ghazal Zoghi ◽  
Mahmood Khayatian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D

Abstract Background: There is inconsistent data on the effects of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic profiles in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The aim of the current study was to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the glycemic and metabolic status of pregnant women with GDM.Methods: In this randomized double-blind controlled trial pregnant women with GDM referred to the Diabetes Clinic of Hormozgan University of Medical science, Bandar Abbas, 2016-2017, were randomly assigned to the intervention (n=25) and placebo (n=25) groups. Subjects in the intervention group received two 50000 IU vitamin D3 pearls (at baseline and at day 21) plus 1000 mg calcium daily, and those in the placebo group received 2 placebos at the same times and 1000 mg calcium daily. Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline and after 6 weeks for the measurement of lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin, 25-hydroxy vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus. Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated.Results: Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D significantly increased in the intervention group (P<0.001). Vitamin D supplementation significantly decreased FPG (P=0.049), serum insulin level (P=0.001), and HOMA-IR (P=0.001) in the intervention group compared to the placeb group. Furthermore, vitamin D significantly reduced serum triglyceride (P=0.0.002), whereas it had no significant effect on total cholesterol (P=0.099), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P=0.279) , and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P=0.472) compared to the placebo group.Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation can be beneficial in the regulation of FPG, insulin level, and HOMA-IR in pregnant women with GDM.Trial registration: The research has retrospectively been registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) with the registration number: IRCT20150607022585N3 and is accessible at the following website: www.irct.ir.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Supplementation is Associated with Increased Glutathione Peroxidase-1 Levels in Arab Adults with Prediabetes

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ghouse Ahmed Ansari ◽  
Shaun Sabico ◽  
Mario Clerici ◽  
Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak ◽  
Kaiser Wani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase 1 ◽  
Reactive Protein

Vitamin D supplementation may be used to lower oxidative stress. This interventional study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) levels and other parameters in Arab adults with prediabetes. A total of 203 Saudi adults with prediabetes and vitamin D deficiency [intervention group, N = 146 (53 males and 93 females); control group, N = 57 (25 males and 32 females)] were included in this non-randomized, six-month intervention study. The intervention group received 50,000 international units (IU) cholecalciferol tablets once a week for two months, then twice a month for the next two months, followed by 1000 IU daily for the last two months. The control group received no supplementation. Serum 25(OH)D, lipid profile, glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP) and GPx1 were measured at baseline and after six months. Post-intervention, GPx1 concentrations increased significantly in the intervention group [17.3 (11.5–59.0) vs 26.7 (11.4–59.9) p < 0.01] while no changes were observed in the control group (p = 0.15). This significant increase in 25(OH)D and GPx1 levels persisted after adjusting for age and BMI. Stratification according to sex revealed that this favourable increase in GPx1 was true only for males (p = 0.002). In all groups, baseline GPx1 was inversely correlated with low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (r = −0.26, p < 0.01) and body mass index (BMI) (r = −0.20, p < 0.05), while positively correlated with age (r = 0.18, p < 0.05) and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.19, p < 0.05). In conclusion, vitamin D supplementation favourably enhanced GPx1 levels in adult Arabs with prediabetes, particularly in males.

scholarly journals Sexual Dimorphism for the Association between Vitamin D and Insulin Resistance in Chinese People

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Bing Han ◽  
Qin Li ◽  
Ningjian Wang ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
Chunfang Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Males And Females

Background. The relationship between vitamin D and insulin resistance is still controversial. Many factors could influence this relationship. In addition, this relationship in different genders was still unclear. Methods. A total of 6597 subjects, including 2813 males and 3784 females, were analyzed. The serum levels of 25(OH)D, fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin, HbA1c, and other metabolic parameters were tested. The waist circumference (WC), weight, and height were also measured. Questionnaires regarding smoking and drinking were collected from these subjects. Results. Serum 25(OH)D was categorized into quartiles. Increasing 25(OH)D levels were associated with reduced trend of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in both males and females. Pearson’s correlation indicated 25(OH)D level was inversely associated with the HOMA-IR for male subjects (r=−0.055, P=0.028) but not for female subjects (r=−0.005, P=0.798). Age, triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were associated with the vitamin D levels in males and females. In regression analysis, serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly associated with HOMA-IR only in overweight males. Conclusion. We found an inverse association between 25(OH)D and HOMA-IR in Chinese overweight males. Vitamin D supplementation might be beneficial in this population. However, further clinical trials are needed to confirm this association.

scholarly journals The risks of ubiquinone and b-carotene deficiency and metabolic disorders in patients with oral cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man-Yee Chan ◽  
Bor-Jen Lee ◽  
Po-Sheng Chang ◽  
Han-Yu Hsiao ◽  
Li-Ping Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamins ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Negatively Associated

Abstract Background: Cancer development is mediated by oxidative stress and inflammation, which may correlate with metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate antioxidant vitamins status and metabolic parameters in patients with oral cancer according to tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages.Methods: A total of 194 patients with oral cancer were enrolled in this study. The patients were stratified for four groups according to cancer stages and that the statistics are comparisons across these groups. The levels of antioxidant vitamins (ubiquinone, b-carotene, vitamin A and E), metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes activity, and inflammatory markers were measured.Results: More than half of the subjects had high blood pressure, central obesity, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia regardless of TNM stage. With regard to antioxidant vitamins status, 46% and 94% of patients had β-carotene and ubiquinone deficiency, respectively. Patients in T3 and T4 stages had significantly lower antioxidant enzyme (catalase, p = 0.03) activity and higher inflammatory markers levels (high sensitivity C-reactive protein and interleukin-6, p < 0.01) than patients in the other stages. In addition, the level of b-carotene was negatively associated with waist circumference, and ubiquinone was positively associated with the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.05). Higher b-carotene and ubiquinone levels were negatively associated with hypertriglyceridemia and the risk of metabolic syndrome (p < 0.05).Conclusions: A high proportion of patients with oral cancer had ubiquinone or b-carotene deficiency and metabolic disorders. The level of ubiquinone or b-carotene was negatively associated with the risk of central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and metabolic syndrome. Since patients with oral cancer suffer from high oxidative stress and inflammation (particularly in the T3 and T4 stages), supplementation with antioxidant vitamins such as ubiquinone or b-carotene could be preferentially applied.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Supplementation Does Not Affect Metabolic Changes Seen With ART Initiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh Muhammad ◽  
Ellen S Chan ◽  
Todd T Brown ◽  
Pablo Tebas ◽  
Grace A McComsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Art Initiation

Abstract Background Insulin resistance and lipid changes are common after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. Observational studies suggest that vitamin D supplementation reduces the risk of developing diabetes and improves lipid profiles. Methods This 48-week prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated high-dose vitamin D3 (4000 IU daily) plus calcium supplementation (1000 mg calcium carbonate daily) in HIV-infected participants initiating ART with efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir (EFV/FTC/TDF). Changes in insulin resistance (as estimated by homeostatic model assessment), fasting lipid profile, and components of the metabolic syndrome were assessed at baseline, 24 weeks, and 48 weeks. Stratified Wilcoxon rank sum tests and stratified normal score tests were used to evaluate differences between treatment arms, stratified by screening 25-OH vitamin D stratum (≤/&gt;20 ng/mL). Results A total of 165 participants enrolled: 79 in the vitamin D/calcium (Vit D/Cal) arm and 86 in the placebo arm. Only the placebo arm experienced a modest increase in insulin resistance at week 24 (P &lt; .001). While increases in total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significant in both arms at weeks 24 and 48, increases in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol at week 24 were only identified in the placebo arm (P = .011). Body mass index remained stable, whereas modest increases in waist circumference were observed in the placebo arm. Metabolic syndrome was present in 19 participants (12%) at baseline and 20 participants (14%) at week 48, without differences between arms. Conclusions Vit D/Cal supplementation over 48 weeks did not alter the lipid profile or glucose metabolism experienced with initiation of EFV/FTC/TDF in ART-naïve persons. Vitamin D supplementation is unlikely to be an effective strategy to attenuate metabolic dysregulations with ART initiation.

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