scholarly journals The Pathway to Cancer Cachexia: MicroRNA-Regulated Networks in Muscle Wasting Based on Integrative Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Paccielli Freire ◽  
Geysson Javier Fernandez ◽  
Sarah Santiloni Cury ◽  
Diogo de Moraes ◽  
Jakeline Santos Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Cancer Cachexia ◽  
Muscle Wasting ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome that leads to significant weight loss. Cachexia affects 50%–80% of cancer patients, depending on the tumor type, and is associated with 20%–40% of cancer patient deaths. Besides the efforts to identify molecular mechanisms of skeletal muscle atrophy—a key feature in cancer cachexia—no effective therapy for the syndrome is currently available. MicroRNAs are regulators of gene expression, with therapeutic potential in several muscle wasting disorders. We performed a meta-analysis of previously published gene expression data to reveal new potential microRNA–mRNA networks associated with muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia. We retrieved 52 differentially expressed genes in nine studies of muscle tissue from patients and rodent models of cancer cachexia. Next, we predicted microRNAs targeting these differentially expressed genes. We also include global microRNA expression data surveyed in atrophying skeletal muscles from previous studies as background information. We identified deregulated genes involved in the regulation of apoptosis, muscle hypertrophy, catabolism, and acute phase response. We further predicted new microRNA–mRNA interactions, such as miR-27a/Foxo1, miR-27a/Mef2c, miR-27b/Cxcl12, miR-27b/Mef2c, miR-140/Cxcl12, miR-199a/Cav1, and miR-199a/Junb, which may contribute to muscle wasting in cancer cachexia. Finally, we found drugs targeting MSTN, CXCL12, and CAMK2B, which may be considered for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for cancer cachexia. Our study has broadened the knowledge of microRNA-regulated networks that are likely associated with muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia, pointing to their involvement as potential targets for novel therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals Meta-analysis of differentially expressed genes in autism based on gene expression data

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 2146-2155 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.F. Ning ◽  
Y.Q. Yu ◽  
E.T. GuoJi ◽  
C.G. Kou ◽  
Y.H. Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Gene Expression Data ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Expression Data

scholarly journals Regulation of Gene Expression in Protozoa Parasites

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Consuelo Gomez ◽  
M. Esther Ramirez ◽  
Mercedes Calixto-Galvez ◽  
Olivia Medel ◽  
Mario A. Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Immune Evasion ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Control Of Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Higher Eukaryotes ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Infections with protozoa parasites are associated with high burdens of morbidity and mortality across the developing world. Despite extensive efforts to control the transmission of these parasites, the spread of populations resistant to drugs and the lack of effective vaccines against them contribute to their persistence as major public health problems. Parasites should perform a strict control on the expression of genes involved in their pathogenicity, differentiation, immune evasion, or drug resistance, and the comprehension of the mechanisms implicated in that control could help to develop novel therapeutic strategies. However, until now these mechanisms are poorly understood in protozoa. Recent investigations into gene expression in protozoa parasites suggest that they possess many of the canonical machineries employed by higher eukaryotes for the control of gene expression at transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and epigenetic levels, but they also contain exclusive mechanisms. Here, we review the current understanding about the regulation of gene expression inPlasmodium sp., Trypanosomatids,Entamoeba histolyticaandTrichomonas vaginalis.

scholarly journals Photochemical control of bacterial gene expression based on trans encoded genetic switches

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2646-2654
Author(s):  
Avishek Paul ◽  
Jingyi Huang ◽  
Yanxiao Han ◽  
Xintong Yang ◽  
Lela Vuković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Spatiotemporal Resolution ◽  
Bacterial Gene ◽  
Bacterial Gene Expression ◽  
Genetic Switches ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Controlling gene expression by light with fine spatiotemporal resolution not only allows understanding and manipulating fundamental biological processes but also fuels the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

PCSK9 Inhibitors: Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Lowering LDLCholesterol

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Zhao-Peng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Maximum Tolerated Dose ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Pcsk9 Inhibitors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Statins are currently the major therapeutic strategies to lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. However, a number of hypercholesterolemia patients still have a residual cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk despite taking the maximum-tolerated dose of statins. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) binds to low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), inducing its degradation in the lysosome and inhibiting LDLR recirculating to the cell membranes. The gain-offunction mutations in PCSK9 elevate the LDL-C levels in plasma. Therefore, PCSK9 inhibitors become novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Several PCSK9 inhibitors have been under investigation, and much progress has been made in clinical trials, especially for monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). Two MoAbs, evolocumab and alirocumab, are now in clinical use. In this review, we summarize the development of PCSK9 inhibitors, including antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), small interfering RNA (siRNA), small molecule inhibitor, MoAbs, mimetic peptides and adnectins, and the related safety issues.

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