scholarly journals Fibrin Sealant Derived from Human Plasma as a Scaffold for Bone Grafts Associated with Photobiomodulation Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Torres Pomini ◽  
Daniela Vieira Buchaim ◽  
Jesus Carlos Andreo ◽  
Marcelie Priscila de Oliveira Rosso ◽  
Bruna Botteon Della Coletta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Support System ◽  
Fibrin Sealant ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Photobiomodulation Therapy ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Therapy Protocol

Fibrin sealants derived from human blood can be used in tissue engineering to assist in the repair of bone defects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the support system formed by a xenograft fibrin sealant associated with photobiomodulation therapy of critical defects in rat calvaria. Thirty-six rats were divided into four groups: BC (n = 8), defect filled with blood clot; FSB (n = 10), filled with fibrin sealant and xenograft; BCPBMT (n = 8), blood clot and photobiomodulation; FSBPBMT (n = 10), fibrin sealant, xenograft, and photobiomodulation. The animals were killed after 14 and 42 days. In the histological and microtomographic analysis, new bone formation was observed in all groups, limited to the defect margins, and without complete wound closure. In the FSB group, bone formation increased between periods (4.3 ± 0.46 to 6.01 ± 0.32), yet with lower volume density when compared to the FSBPBMT (5.6 ± 0.45 to 10.64 ± 0.97) group. It was concluded that the support system formed by the xenograft fibrin sealant associated with the photobiomodulation therapy protocol had a positive effect on the bone repair process.

scholarly journals Effects of cigarette smoke inhalation and coffee consumption on bone formation and osseous integration of hydroxyapatite implant

2013 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
AR. Andrade ◽  
DCM. Sant'Ana ◽  
JA. Mendes Junior ◽  
M. Moreira ◽  
GC. Pires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Liquid Diet ◽  
Smoke Inhalation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Osseous Integration

The present study aims to assess the effects of cigarette smoke inhalation and/or coffee consumption on bone formation and osseous integration of a dense hydroxyapatite (DHA) implant in rats. For this study, 20 male rats were divided into four groups (n = 5): CT (control) group, CE (coffee) group, CI (cigarette) group and CC (coffee + cigarette) group. During 16 weeks, animals in the CI group were exposed to cigarette smoke inhalation equivalent to 6 cigarettes per day; specimens in the CE group drank coffee as liquid diet; and rats in the CC group were submitted to both substances. In the 6th week a 5 mm slit in the parietal bone and a 4 mm slit in the tibia were performed on the left side: the former was left open while the latter received a DHA implant. As soon as surgeries were finished, the animals returned to their original protocols and after 10 weeks of exposure they were euthanised (ethically sacrificed) and the mentioned bones collected for histological processing. Data showed that exposure to cigarette smoke inhalation and coffee consumption did not interfere in weight gain and that solid and liquid diet consumption was satisfactory. Rats in the CC group showed a decrease in bone neoformation around the tibial DHA implant (31.8 ± 2.8) as well as in bone formation in the parietal slit (28.6 ± 2.2). On their own, cigarette smoke inhalation or coffee consumption also led to diminished bone neoformation around the implant and delayed the bone repair process in relation to the CT group. However, reduction in the bone repair process was accentuated with exposure to both cigarette smoke inhalation and coffee consumption in this study.

scholarly journals Different Stages of Alveolar Bone Repair Process Are Compromised in the Type 2 Diabetes Condition: An Experimental Study in Rats

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 471
Author(s):  
Letícia Pitol-Palin ◽  
Fábio Roberto de Souza Batista ◽  
Pedro Henrique Silva Gomes-Ferreira ◽  
Gabriel Mulinari-Santos ◽  
Edilson Ervolino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Volume Percentage

The aim of this study was to analyze the stages of the alveolar bone repair in type 2 diabetic rats evaluating the mechanism of mineralization and bone remodeling processes after dental extraction. Forty-eight rats were divided into normoglycemic (NG) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) groups. The upper right incisor was extracted and after 3, 7, 14 and 42 days the animals were euthanized. The following analyses were performed: immunolabeling against antibodies TNFα, TGFβ, IL6, WNT, OCN and TRAP, collagen fibers maturation, microtomography and confocal microscopy. Data were submitted to statistical analysis. The immunolabeling analysis showed that the T2D presented a more pronounced alveolar inflammation than NG. Labeling of proteins responsible for bone formation and mineralization was higher in NG than T2D, which presented greater resorptive activity characterized by TRAP labeling. Also, T2D group showed a decrease in the amount of collagen fibers. Micro-CT analysis showed that T2D causes a decrease in bone volume percentage due to deficient trabecular parameters and higher porosity. The T2D bone dynamics show a loss in bone remodeling process. T2D prolongs the local inflammatory process, which impairs the organization and maturation of collagen fibers, delaying bone formation that generates impact on mineralization and bone turnover.

scholarly journals Chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine in the cartilage and subchondral bone repair of dogs - Histological findings

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-333
Author(s):  
R.B. Eleotério ◽  
K.C.S. Pontes ◽  
J.P. Machado ◽  
E.C.C. Reis ◽  
P.S. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Glucosamine Sulfate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sample Collection

Chondroitin and glucosamine sulfate nutraceuticals are commonly used in the management of degenerative articular disease in veterinary routine. However, there are controversies on the contribution of these substances to articular cartilage. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of a chondroitin and glucosamine sulfate-based veterinary nutraceutical on the repair of an induced osteochondral defect in a dog femoral condyle, by macroscopic, histological and histomorphometric analyses. The nutraceutical was orally administered the day following injury induction, every 24 hours (treated group, TG, n=24), compared with animals that did not receive the product (control group, CG, n=24). Six animals per group were anaesthetized for sample collection at 15, 30, 60 and 90 days after surgery. At 15 days, defects were macroscopically filled with red-pinkish tissue. After 30 days, whitish color tissue was observed, both in TG and CG animals, with firmer consistency to touch at 60 and 90 postoperative days. Histological analysis demonstrated that, in both groups, there was initial blood clot formation, which was subsequently substituted by a fibrin net, with capillary proliferation from the adjacent bone marrow and infiltration of mesenchymal cells in clot periphery. As cellular differentiation developed, repair tissue presented a fibrocartilage aspect most of the time, and new subchondral bone formation occurred in the deepest area corresponding to the defect. Histomorphometry suggested that the nutraceutical did not favor the articular cartilage repair process. It was concluded that nutraceutical did not significantly influence chondrocytes proliferation or hyaline architecture restoration.

scholarly journals Repair of critical-size defects with autogenous periosteum-derived cells combined with bovine anorganic apatite/collagen: an experimental study in rat calvaria

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson de Oliveira Paulo ◽  
Igor Iuco Castro-Silva ◽  
Davi Ferreira de Oliveira ◽  
Manoel Eduardo de Lima Machado ◽  
Idomeo Bonetti-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Repair ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Histomorphometric Analysis ◽  
Critical Size Defects ◽  
Increase Bone Formation

The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone repair using autogenous periosteum-derived cells (PDC) and bovine anorganic apatite and collagen (HA-COL). PDC from Wistar rats (n=10) were seeded on HA-COL discs and subjected to osteoinduction during 6 days. Critical-size defects in rat calvarias were treated with blood clot (G1), autogenous bone (G2), HA-COL (G3) and HA-COL combined with PDC (G4) (n=40), and then analyzed 1 and 3 months after surgeries. Radiographic analysis exhibited no significant temporal change. G1 and G2 had discrete new marginal bone, but the radiopacity of graft materials in G2, G3 and G4 impaired the detection of osteogenesis. At 3 months, histopathological analysis showed the presence of ossification islets in G1, which was more evident in G2, homogeneous new bone around HA-COL in G3 and heterogeneous new bone around HA-COL in G4 in addition to moderate presence of foreign body cells in G3 and G4. Histomorphometric analysis showed no change in the volume density of xenograft (p>0.05) and bone volume density in G2 was twice greater than in G1 and G4 after 3 months (p<0.05), but similar to G3. The PDC did not increase bone formation in vivo, although the biomaterial alone showed biocompatibility and osteoconduction capacity.

scholarly journals In Vivo Biological Behavior of Polymer Scaffolds of Natural Origin in the Bone Repair Process

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1598
Author(s):  
Fernando Bento Cunha ◽  
Karina Torres Pomini ◽  
Ana Maria de Guzzi Plepis ◽  
Virgínia da Conceição Amaro Martins ◽  
Eduardo Gomes Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Defect ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Control Group

Autologous bone grafts, used mainly in extensive bone loss, are considered the gold standard treatment in regenerative medicine, but still have limitations mainly in relation to the amount of bone available, donor area, morbidity and creation of additional surgical area. This fact encourages tissue engineering in relation to the need to develop new biomaterials, from sources other than the individual himself. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of an elastin and collagen matrix on the bone repair process in critical size defects in rat calvaria. The animals (Wistar rats, n = 30) were submitted to a surgical procedure to create the bone defect and were divided into three groups: Control Group (CG, n = 10), defects filled with blood clot; E24/37 Group (E24/37, n = 10), defects filled with bovine elastin matrix hydrolyzed for 24 h at 37 °C and C24/25 Group (C24/25, n = 10), defects filled with porcine collagen matrix hydrolyzed for 24 h at 25 °C. Macroscopic and radiographic analyses demonstrated the absence of inflammatory signs and infection. Microtomographical 2D and 3D images showed centripetal bone growth and restricted margins of the bone defect. Histologically, the images confirmed the pattern of bone deposition at the margins of the remaining bone and without complete closure by bone tissue. In the morphometric analysis, the groups E24/37 and C24/25 (13.68 ± 1.44; 53.20 ± 4.47, respectively) showed statistically significant differences in relation to the CG (5.86 ± 2.87). It was concluded that the matrices used as scaffolds are biocompatible and increase the formation of new bone in a critical size defect, with greater formation in the polymer derived from the intestinal serous layer of porcine origin (C24/25).

scholarly journals Bone repair process in calvarial defects using bioactive glass and calcium sulfate barrier

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Lanes Silveira ◽  
Rosilene Andréa Machado ◽  
Carla Roberta de Siqueira Silveira ◽  
Rogério Belle Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Osteogenic Cells ◽  
Calvarial Defects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

PURPOSE: To analyze bone repair process in Wistar rats' calvaria, with the use of two different biomaterials. METHODS: Forty two male Wistar rats were used, and four bicortical cranial cavities were created in each animal. The cavities were filled with: bioactive glass (BG); calcium sulfate barrier (CSB); bioactive glass covered with calcium sulfate barrier (BG/CSB); and autogenous blood clot (control). The animals were euthanized 7, 14, 21, 30, 60, 90, e 120 days after surgery. The scalps were removed and submitted to a routine process for histological preparation: staining with Haematoxylin and Eosin (HE). RESULTS: The BG was not completely resorbed; however, after 60 days, a decrease in size as well as a change in the morphological granule were observed. CSB was not observed in the last group (after 120 days). CONCLUSIONS: In Wistar rat calvaria bioactive glass, in an isolated form, negatively interfered in the bone repair process; the calcium sulfate barrier, in an isolated form, presented the capacity to maintain space, allowing the flow of osteogenic cells; the bioactive glass covered with calcium sulfate barrier association presented a better osteoconductive capacity when compared to isolated materials; calcium sulfate barrier was completely resorbed after 90 days; control cavities did not completely heal until 120 days after surgery.

scholarly journals Repair of Surgical Bone Defects Grafted with Hydroxylapatite + β-TCP and Irradiated with λ=850 nm LED Light

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Guilherme P. Soares ◽  
Aparecida Maria C. Marques ◽  
Milena G. Guarda ◽  
Jouber Mateus S. Aciole ◽  
Antonio Luiz B. Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Led Phototherapy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One

The treatment of bone loss due to different etiologic factors is difficult and many techniques aim to improve the repair, including a wide range of biomaterials and recently, photobioengineering. This work aimed to assess by histological analysis the repair of bone defects grafted with biphasic synthetic micro-granular HA + β-TCP associated with LED phototherapy. Forty rats were divided into 4 groups (Clot, LED, Biomaterial and LED + Biomaterial) each subdivided into 2 subgroups according to the time of animal death (15 and 30 days). Surgical bone defects were prepared on the femur of each animal with a trephine drill. In animals of the Clot group the defect was filled only by blood clot, in the LED group the defect filled with the clot was further irradiated. In the animals of Biomaterial and LED + Biomaterial groups the defect was filled by biomaterial and the last one was further irradiated (λ=850±10 nm, 150 mW, Φ ~ 0.5 cm2, 20 J/cm2 - session, 140 J/cm2- treatment) at 48-h intervals for 2 weeks. Following animal death, samples were taken and analyzed by light microscopy. Using the degree of maturation of the bone by assessment of the deposition/organization of the basophilic lines in the newly formed bone tissue, the LED + Biomaterial group was the one in a more advanced stage of bone repair process at the end of the experiment. It may be concluded that the use of LED phototherapy was effective in positively modulating the process of bone repair of bone defects in the femur of rats submitted or not to biomaterial grafting.

scholarly journals The Bone Regeneration Capacity of BMP-2 + MMP-10 Loaded Scaffolds Depends on the Tissue Status

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 979
Author(s):  
Patricia Garcia-Garcia ◽  
Ricardo Reyes ◽  
José Antonio Rodriguez ◽  
Tomas Martín ◽  
Carmen Evora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Therapeutic Molecules ◽  
Positive Effect

Biomaterials-mediated bone formation in osteoporosis (OP) is challenging as it requires tissue growth promotion and adequate mineralization. Based on our previous findings, the development of scaffolds combining bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase 10 (MMP-10) shows promise for OP management. To test our hypothesis, scaffolds containing BMP-2 + MMP-10 at variable ratios or BMP-2 + Alendronate (ALD) were prepared. Systems were characterized and tested in vitro on healthy and OP mesenchymal stem cells and in vivo bone formation was studied on healthy and OP animals. Therapeutic molecules were efficiently encapsulated into PLGA microspheres and embedded into chitosan foams. The use of PLGA (poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)) microspheres as therapeutic molecule reservoirs allowed them to achieve an in vitro and in vivo controlled release. A beneficial effect on the alkaline phosphatase activity of non-OP cells was observed for both combinations when compared with BMP-2 alone. This effect was not detected on OP cells where all treatments promoted a similar increase in ALP activity compared with control. The in vivo results indicated a positive effect of the BMP-2 + MMP-10 combination at both of the doses tested on tissue repair for OP mice while it had the opposite effect on non-OP animals. This fact can be explained by the scaffold’s slow-release rate and degradation that could be beneficial for delayed bone regeneration conditions but had the reverse effect on healthy animals. Therefore, the development of adequate scaffolds for bone regeneration requires consideration of the tissue catabolic/anabolic balance to obtain biomaterials with degradation/release behaviors suited for the existing tissue status.

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