scholarly journals Bioproduction of Quercetin and Rutinose Catalyzed by Rutinosidase: Novel Concept of “Solid State Biocatalysis”

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Kapešová ◽  
Lucie Petrásková ◽  
Kristína Markošová ◽  
Martin Rebroš ◽  
Michael Kotik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Filter Cake ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Toxic Chemicals ◽  
Enzymatic Conversion ◽  
Crude Enzyme Preparation ◽  
High Space ◽  
Space Time Yield ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
First Time

Quercetin is a flavonoid largely employed as a phytochemical remedy and a food or dietary supplement. We present here a novel biocatalytic methodology for the preparation of quercetin from plant-derived rutin, with both substrate and product being in mostly an undissolved state during biotransformation. This “solid-state” enzymatic conversion uses a crude enzyme preparation of recombinant rutinosidase from Aspergillus niger yielding quercetin, which precipitates from virtually insoluble rutin. The process is easily scalable and exhibits an extremely high space-time yield. The procedure has been shown to be robust and was successfully tested with rutin concentrations of up to 300 g/L (ca 0.5 M) at various scales. Using this procedure, pure quercetin is easily obtained by mere filtration of the reaction mixture, followed by washing and drying of the filter cake. Neither co-solvents nor toxic chemicals are used, thus the process can be considered environmentally friendly and the product of “bio-quality.” Moreover, rare disaccharide rutinose is obtained from the filtrate at a preparatory scale as a valuable side product. These results demonstrate for the first time the efficiency of the “Solid-State-Catalysis” concept, which is applicable virtually for any biotransformation involving substrates and products of low water solubility.

scholarly journals Piroxicam Loading onto Mesoporous Silicas by Supercritical CO2 Impregnation

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2500
Author(s):  
Marta Gallo ◽  
Luca Serpella ◽  
Federica Leone ◽  
Luigi Manna ◽  
Mauro Banchero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Solid Dispersions ◽  
Mesoporous Silicas ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Pore Blocking ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Adsorption From Solution ◽  
First Time ◽  
Loading Procedure

Piroxicam (PRX) is a commonly prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Its efficacy, however, is partially limited by its low water solubility. In recent years, different studies have tackled this problem and have suggested delivering PRX through solid dispersions. All these strategies, however, involve the use of potentially harmful solvents for the loading procedure. Since piroxicam is soluble in supercritical CO2 (scCO2), the present study aims, for the first time, to adsorb PRX onto mesoporous silica using scCO2, which is known to be a safer and greener technique compared to the organic solvent-based ones. For comparison, PRX is also loaded by adsorption from solution and incipient wetness impregnation using ethanol as solvent. Two different commercial mesoporous silicas are used (SBA-15 and Grace Syloid® XDP), which differ in porosity order and surface silanol population. Physico-chemical analyses show that the most promising results are obtained through scCO2, which yields the amorphization of PRX, whereas some crystallization occurs in the case of adsorption from solution and IWI. The highest loading of PRX by scCO2 is obtained in SBA-15 (15 wt.%), where molecule distribution appears homogeneous, with very limited pore blocking.

Bis(1-phenyl-1-propyne) complexes of tungsten(II): crystal structures of [WI2(CO)(NCR)(η2-MeC2Ph)2] (R = Me, Et, or Ph)

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-271
Author(s):  
Paul K Baker ◽  
Michael GB Drew ◽  
Deborah S Evans
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Octahedral Geometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Alkyne Complexes ◽  
First Time

Reaction of [WI2(CO)3(NCMe)2] with two equivalents of 1-phenyl-1-propyne (MeC2Ph) in CH2Cl2, and in the absence of light, gave the bis(1-phenyl-1-propyne) complex [WI2(CO)(NCMe)(η2-MeC2Ph)2] (1) in 77% yield. Treatment of equimolar quantities of 1 and NCR (R = Et, i-Pr, t-Bu, Ph) in CH2Cl2 afforded the nitrile-exchanged products, [WI2(CO)(NCR)(η2-MeC2Ph)2] (2-5) (R = Et (2), i-Pr (3), t-Bu (4), Ph (5)). Complexes 1, 2, and 5 were structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. All three structures have the same pseudo-octahedral geometry, with the equatorial sites being occupied by cis and parallel alkyne groups, which are trans to the cis-iodo groups. The trans carbon monoxide and acetonitrile ligands occupy the axial sites. In structures 1 and 2, the methyl and phenyl substituents of the 1-phenyl-1-propyne ligands are cis to each other, whereas for the bulkier NCPh complex (5), the methyl and phenyl groups are trans to one another. This is the first time that this arrangement has been observed in the solid state in bis(alkyne) complexes of this type.Key words: bis(1-phenyl-1-propyne), carbonyl, nitrile, diiodo, tungsten(II), crystal structures.

Gold(I) Complexes Bearing P∩N-Ligands: An Unprecedented Twelve-membered Ring Structure Stabilized by Aurophilic Interactions

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1513-1524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Monkowius ◽  
Manfred Zabel ◽  
Michel Fleck ◽  
Hartmut Yersin
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Ring Structure ◽  
Phosphine Ligands ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Aggregation Pattern ◽  
Elemental Analyses ◽  
High Yields ◽  
First Time ◽  
Solid State Structures ◽  
Aurophilic Interactions

The P∩N-ligands Ph2Pqn, 1, Ph2 Piqn, 2, Ph2 Ppym, 3, and the As∩N-ligands Ph2Asqn, 4, Ph2Asiqn, 5, (Ph = phenyl, qn = 8-quinoline, iqn = 1-isoquinoline, pym = 2-pyrimidine) have been synthesized, the ligands 2 and 5 for the first time. Their ligand properties were probed by the synthesis of gold(I) complexes. Reaction with (tht)AuCl (tht = tetrahydrothiophene) yielded the chlorogold complexes Ph2RP-Au-Cl (R = qn, 6; iqn, 7; pym, 8) and Ph2RAs-Au-Cl (R = qn, 9; iqn, 10) in high yields. Further treatment of 7 and 8 with one equivalent of AgBF4 provided the complexes [(Ph2Piqn)Au]BF4, 11, [(Ph2Ppym)Au]BF4, 12, and [(Ph2Piqn)Au(tht)]BF4, 14. For comparison, the previously reported complex [(Ph2Ppy)Au]BF4 (py = pyridine), 13, was re-investigated. The compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. In addition, the solid-state structures of 2, 3, 6, 7, 9 - 14 have been determined by X-ray crystallography. The chloro-gold compounds crystallize in the common rod-like structure known from R3EAuCl (R = aryl, E = P, As) complexes without further aggregation via aurophilic interactions. In all cases the phosphine acts as a monodentate ligand. In the solid state compounds 11 - 13 feature an unprecedented cyclic trinuclear aggregation pattern, in which the Au(I) atoms are linearly coordinated by the bridging phosphine ligands forming a cyclic (P-Au-N)3 arrangement. The resulting twelvemembered ring is further stabilized by Au · · · Au interactions. Due to the presence of these Au · · · Au contacts, 11 - 13 are emissive in the solid state but not in solution

Metal–organic cage-based nanoagent for enhanced photodynamic antitumor therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Bin Dong ◽  
Wen-Yan Li ◽  
Chaowei Zhao ◽  
Yue-Feng Zhang ◽  
Qun Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Antitumor Therapy ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
First Time

Herein we report, for the first time, a Pd6L8(NO3)5.4(ICG)6.6 (ICG = indocyanine green) cage-based hexagonal nanoplate (3) via a combined nanoprecipitation and solid-state anion-exchange approach. 3 possesses near infrared (NIR)...

Synthesis of pure and uniform nano-sized TS-1 crystal with high titanium content and high space-time yield

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lejian Zhang ◽  
Xiaoxiao Zhu ◽  
Xinping Wang ◽  
Chuan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Selective Oxidation ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Titanium Content ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Titanium Silicalite ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
High Space ◽  
Space Time Yield ◽  
Selective Oxidation Reactions

Anatase-free titanium silicalite-1 (TS-1) zeolite with high framework titanium content is highly required for catalysing selective oxidation reactions, while its synthesis generally suffers from cost, efficiency and environmental issues. Herein,...

scholarly journals A High Capacity, Room Temperature, Hybrid Flow Battery Consisting of Liquid Na-Cs Anode and Aqueous NaI Catholyte

Batteries ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caihong Liu ◽  
Leon Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Membrane Interfaces ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
First Time

In this study, we have proposed a novel concept of hybrid flow batteries consisting of a molten Na-Cs anode and an aqueous NaI catholyte separated by a NaSICON membrane. A number of carbonaceous electrodes are studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV) for their potentials as the positive electrode of the aqueous NaI catholyte. The charge transfer impedance, interfacial impedance and NaSICON membrane impedance of the Na-Cs ‖ NaI hybrid flow battery are analyzed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The performance of the Na-Cs ‖ NaI hybrid flow battery is evaluated through galvanostatic charge/discharge cycles. This study demonstrates, for the first time, the feasibility of the Na-Cs ‖ NaI hybrid flow battery and shows that the Na-Cs ‖ NaI hybrid flow battery has the potential to achieve the following properties simultaneously: (i) An aqueous NaI catholyte with good cycle stability, (ii) a durable and low impedance NaSICON membrane for a large number of cycles, (iii) stable interfaces at both anode/membrane and cathode/membrane interfaces, (iv) a molten Na-Cs anode capable of repeated Na plating and stripping, and (v) a flow battery with high Coulombic efficiency, high voltaic efficiency, and high energy efficiency.

scholarly journals Towards Better Delivery of Cannabidiol (CBD)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Anne Millar ◽  
Ryan Francis Maguire ◽  
Andrew Stephen Yates ◽  
Saoirse Elizabeth O’Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Pharmaceutical Development ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profiles ◽  
Full Development

Cannabidiol (CBD) has substantial therapeutic potential, but its development as an effective drug by the pharmaceutical industry is hindered by intrinsic characteristics such as low bioavailability, low water solubility, and variable pharmacokinetic profiles. Importantly, lack of patentability of the drug substance also limits the likelihood of an expensive, full development programme in anything other than orphan indications. Potential avenues to overcome these issues with CBD include self-emulsifying drug delivery systems, improved crystal formulations and other solid-state delivery formulations, which are mostly in the pre-clinical or early clinical stages of development. This review identifies issues compromising current delivery of solid-state CBD, and how advanced pharmaceutical development strategies can enable CBD to realise the full potential as a successful therapeutic agent.

scholarly journals Impact of Esterification on Physicochemical Properties of Cellulosic Fabric using Balanites Aegyptiaca Seed Oil

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
F. I. Omizegba ◽  
K. A. Bello ◽  
H. M. Adamu ◽  
D. E. A. Boryo ◽  
J. O. Abayeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Toxic Chemicals ◽  
Purification Process ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Remarkable Improvement ◽  
Weft Direction ◽  
Textile Finishing ◽  
Cellulosic Fabric ◽  
First Time

This paper presents the results of some physicochemical properties of cellulosic fabric obtained by esterification using 50 cm3 of oil extracted from the seed of Balanites aegyptiaca. The oil was extracted under reflux with hexane which gave 40% yield and 0.22% moisture content. The identified cellulosic materials 10 cm and 21 cm x 2.5 cm) were subjected to purification process of scouring, bleaching and mercerization to obtain cleaner, whiter and stronger fabric that could withstand esterification treatment. The yarn crimp was 25% and 15% for warp and weft direction respectively, while the grey fabric gave the lowest of 5% and 8% for warp and weft directions. The linear density (45 tex) was recorded for the esterified fabric compared to 37 tex for the grey fabric along warp direction. The fabric sett increased from 24 thd/cm for grey to 27 thd/cm for esterified along warp direction and 16 thd/cm to 23 thd/cm along weft direction. There was an obvious reduction in shrinkage from 31 for mercerized fabric to 28 along warp direction after esterification and 21 to 19 along weft direction. The tensile parameter was 262.60 N and 166.24 N with extension of 13.92 mm and 12.23 mm along warp and weft directions respectively while the grey fabric recorded 223.87 N and 109.39 N with extensions of 3.64 mm and 3.56 mm in warp and weft direction respectively. There was a remarkable improvement in the dry and wet crease recovery angles after esterification (105º dry and 65º wet, 102º dry and 59º wet) along warp and weft direction respectively. The grey fabric gave the lowest crease recovery (50º dry and 37º wet, 45º dry and 35º wet) along warp and weft directions respectively. The esterified fabric recorded lower water absorption. The improvements in the investigated properties may be due to dimensional stability, flexibility and fineness due to esterification. This research is commendable because biodegradable organic seed oil is used to modify the physicochemical properties of cellulosic fabric for the first time. These incredible effects of the seed oil on cellulose is an immense contribution to knowledge, hence the oil is recommended for replacement of the present day toxic chemicals used in textile finishing of cellulosic fabrics.

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