scholarly journals Compositional Features of HDL Particles Interact with Albuminuria to Modulate Cardiovascular Disease Risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 977
Author(s):  
James Corsetti ◽  
Stephan Bakker ◽  
Ronald Gansevoort ◽  
Eke Gruppen ◽  
Margery Connelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Baseline Screening

Lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein B modify associations of elevated urinary albumin excretion (UAE) with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Additionally, it is known that elevated UAE alters high-density lipoprotein functionality. Accordingly, we examined whether HDL features might also modify UAE-associated CVD. Multivariable Cox proportional-hazards modeling was performed on participants of the PREVEND (Prevention of Renal and Vascular Endstage Disease) study at the baseline screening with standard lipid/lipoprotein analyses and, three-to-four years later (second screen), with nuclear magnetic resonance lipoprotein analyses focusing on HDL parameters including HDL particle (HDL-P) and apolipoprotein A-I concentrations. These were used with UAE and derived measures of HDL apoA-I content (apoA-I/HDL-C and apoA-I/HDL-P) in risk models adjusted for gender, age, apoB, diabetes, past CVD history, CRP and GFR. Interaction analysis was also performed. Baseline screening revealed significant associations inverse for HDL-C and apoA-I and direct for apoA-I/HDL-C. The second screening demonstrated associations inverse for HDL-P, large HDL-P, medium HDL-P, HDL size, and apoA-I/HDL-P. Significant interactions with UAE included apoA-I/HDL-C at the baseline screening, and apoA-I/HDL-P and medium HDL-P but not apoA-I/HDL-C at the second screening. We conclude that features of HDL particles including apoA-I/HDL-P, indicative of HDL apoA-I content, and medium HDL-P modify associations of elevated UAE with CVD risk.

Abstract WP234: Association of Social Trust With Subsequent Stroke and Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seo Eun Hwang ◽  
Seulggie Choi ◽  
Juhwan Oh ◽  
Jong-Koo Lee ◽  
Sang Min Park
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Reduced Risk

Introduction: Although social capital has been shown to be one of the important social determinants of health, the association between social trust and the risk of stroke and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not clear yet. We aimed to investigate the association of social trust with stroke and CVD risk using a large Asian population. Methods: The study data was derived from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Community-level social trust was determined from the Koran Community Health Survey. The study population consisted of 2,156,829 participations. According to social trust index measured in the area of residence during 2011, participants were followed-up from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2016. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for stroke and CVD risk according to quintiles of social trust. Results: Compared to those with the lowest quintile of social trust, participants within the highest quintile had lower risk for stroke (aHR 0.90, 95% CI 0.87-0.93) and CVD (aHR 0.91, 95% CI 0.89-0.93), and the risk-reducing association of high social trust on CVD risk was preserved after additional adjustments for lifestyle behaviors including smoking, alcohol intake, and physical activity. Conclusion: Higher social trust was associated with reduced risk of stroke and CVD even after considering lifestyle behaviors. Social trust in a community level is an important determinant of stroke risk and enhancing social trust may lead to reduced risk of stroke and CVD.

Should we Consider Lipoprotein (a) in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment in Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolaemia?

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (31) ◽  
pp. 3665-3671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Anagnostis ◽  
Pavlos Siolos ◽  
Dimitrios Krikidis ◽  
Dimitrios G. Goulis ◽  
John C. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Familial Hypercholesterolaemia ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Pcsk9 Inhibitors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a genetically determined lipid disorder, affecting 1 per 200-500 individuals in the general population. It is significantly and independently associated with an increased risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), although it remains still an underrecognized and undertreated disease. Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is a low-density-lipoprotein (LDL)-like molecule, containing an additional protein, apolipoprotein (a). Objective: This review aims to present and discuss available data on the role of Lp(a) in patients with FH, in terms of its potential augmentation of CVD risk. Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was performed to identify studies evaluating the CV effects of Lp(a) in patients with FH. Results: Lp(a) has been recognised as an independent risk factor for CVD, mainly coronary artery disease (CAD). Most, but not all, studies show increased Lp(a) concentrations in adults and children with FH. There is also evidence of an independent association between Lp(a) and CVD (mainly CAD) risk in these patients. Conclusion: Some therapeutic modalities, such as niacin, oestrogens, tibolone and proprotein convertase subtilisin/ kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors may effectively reduce Lp(a) concentrations by 25-30%, although their clinical benefit of this effect remains to be established.

scholarly journals Association between Post-Diagnosis Particulate Matter Exposure among 5-Year Cancer Survivors and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Three Metropolitan Areas from South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2841
Author(s):  
Seulggie Choi ◽  
Kyae Hyung Kim ◽  
Kyuwoong Kim ◽  
Jooyoung Chang ◽  
Sung Min Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Yearly Average ◽  
Pm2.5 Exposure

Cancer survivors are at an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the association between particulate matter (PM) and CVD risk among cancer survivors (alive >5 years since diagnosis) is unclear. We investigated the risk of CVD among 40,899 cancer survivors within the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Exposure to PM was determined by assessing yearly average PM levels obtained from the Air Korea database from 2008 to 2011. PMs with sizes <2.5 (PM2.5), <10 (PM10), or 2.5–10 (PM2.5–10) μm in diameter were compared, with each PM level exposure further divided into quintiles. Patients were followed up from January 2012 to date of CVD event, death, or December 2017, whichever came earliest. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression by PM exposure levels. Compared with cancer survivors in the lowest quintile of PM2.5 exposure, those within the highest quintile had a greater risk for CVD (aHR 1.31, 95% CI 1.07–1.59). Conversely, increasing PM10 and PM2.5–10 levels were not associated with increased CVD risk (p for trend 0.078 and 0.361, respectively). Cancer survivors who reduce PM2.5 exposure may benefit from lower risk of developing CVD.

scholarly journals Association of Fitness and Fatness with Clustered Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Nigerian Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5861
Author(s):  
Danladi I. Musa ◽  
Abel L. Toriola ◽  
Daniel T. Goon ◽  
Sunday U. Jonathan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Standardized Residuals

Purpose: This study examinedthe independent and joint association of fitness and fatness with clustered cardiovascular disease risk (CVDrs) in 11–18 year-old Nigerian adolescents. Methods: A hundred and ninety seven adolescents (100 girls and 97 boys) were evaluated forfitness, fatness and CVDrs. Fitness was evaluated with the progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance run test while fatness was assessed using body mass index. A clustered CVDrs was computed from the standardized residuals of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, plasma glucose, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. Regression models controlling for waist circumference assessed the association of fitness and fatness with CVDrs. Results: Prevalence of clustered CVD risk was 7.1% (girls = 3.0%; boys = 4.1%). Based on risk factor abnormalities, 52.8% of participants had one or more CVD risk factor abnormalities with more boys (27.4%) affected. Low fitness was associated with clustered CVDrs in both girls (R2 = 9.8%, β = −0.287, p = 0.05) and boys (R2 = 17%, β = −0.406, p < 0.0005). Fatness was not associated with the CVDrs in both sexes. After controlling for all the variables in the model, only fitness (R2 = 10.4%) and abdominal fat (R2 = 19.5%) were associated with CVDrs respectively. Unfit girls were 3.2 (95% CI = 1.31–7.91, p = 0.011) times likely to develop CVD risk abnormality compared to their fit counterparts. The likelihood of unfit boys developing CVD risk abnormality was 3.9 (95% CI = 1.15–10.08, p = 0.005) times compared to their fit peers. Conclusions: Fitness but not fatness was a better predictor of CVDrs in Nigerian boys and girls. The result of this study suggests that any public health strategies aimed at preventing or reversing the increasing trends of CVD risk in adolescents should emphasize promotion of aerobic fitness.

Changes in Weight and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Monozygotic Twins: The Healthy Twin Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Mi Song ◽  
Kayoung Lee ◽  
Joohon Sung
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Environmental Correlations

We aimed to assess the non-genetic contribution to the associations between the change in weight and changes in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. This analysis included 194 Korean monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs (116 men, 272 women; mean age, 38.5 ± 6.8 years) who were first examined for weight and CVD risk factors (blood pressure (BP), glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL)) between December 2005 and December 2008, and returned for a repeat examination after 2.7 ± 0.9 years. The within-pair correlations were 0.21 for the change in weight and 0.05-0.42 for the changes in CVD risk factors. Bivariate analyses showed significant environmental correlations shared between the change in weight and the changes in CVD risk factors (p < .05), except for glucose, while there were no significant genetic effects shared between the phenotypes. After adjusting for baseline values of weight, smoking, and alcohol consumption, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), TG, TC, and LDL significantly increased by 1.6 mmHg, 0.09 mmol/L, 0.10 mmol/L, and 0.09 mmol/L, respectively, per 1 kg increase in within-pair differences in weight change. In Korean MZ twins, similarity between twins for changes in weight and CVD risk factors were small to moderate, and non-genetic factors were responsible for the associations between the change in weight and changes in DBP, TG, TC, and LDL.

scholarly journals Association of Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism with Adipokines and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Yi-Ming Chen ◽  
Po-Ku Chen ◽  
Ching-Kun Chang ◽  
Chi-Chen Lin ◽  
Hsin-Hua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Apoe Genotypes

Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) polymorphism and adipokines are linked to atherosclerosis. We aimed to investigate the associations of apoE genotypes with adipokines, inflammatory parameters, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. We enrolled 152 RA patients and 49 healthy control (HC) subjects. The apoE genotyping was determined by a polymerase chain reaction, while plasma levels of adipokines and inflammatory cytokines were measured with ELISA. Although apoE genotypes distributions were indistinguishable between RA patients and HC, we found significantly higher levels of apoE and adipokines in RA patients compared with HC. RA patients with ε2ε3 genotype had lower levels of TNF-α, IL-6, resistin, and visfatin, but higher leptin levels compared with ε3ε3 genotype patients. Patients with ε3ε4 genotype had significantly higher low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and atherogenic index scores compared with ε2ε3 genotype carriers. Moreover, patients with ε2ε3 genotype had significantly lower 10-year CVD risk than ε3ε3 or ε3ε4 genotype patients. ε3ε4 genotype and adiponectin levels were independent predictors of a high 10-year CVD risk. RA patients with ε2ε3 genotype are associated with lower levels of TNF-α, IL-6, resistin, visfatin, and CVD risk, while RA patients with ε3ε4 genotype exhibited higher levels of LDL-C, insulin resistance, and higher CVD risks.

scholarly journals Association between Post-Diagnosis Particulate Matter Exposure Among 5-Year Cancer Survivors and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Three Metropolitan Areas from South Korea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyae Hyung Kim ◽  
Seulggie Choi ◽  
Kyuwoong Kim ◽  
Jooyoung Chang ◽  
Sung Min Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Yearly Average ◽  
Pm2.5 Exposure

Abstract: Cancer survivors are at an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the association between particulate matter (PM) and CVD risk among cancer survivors (alive &gt;5 years since diagnosis) is unclear. We investigated the risk of CVD among 40,899 cancer survivors within the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Exposure to PM was determined by assessing yearly average PM levels obtained from the Air Korea database from 2008 to 2011. PMs with sizes &lt;2.5 (PM2.5), &lt;10 (PM10), or 2.5-10 (PM2.5-10) μm in diameter were compared, with each PM level exposure further divided into quintiles. Patients were followed up from January 2012 to date of CVD event, death, or December 2017, whichever came earliest. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression by PM exposure levels. Compared with cancer survivors in the lowest quintile of PM2.5 exposure, those within the highest quintile had a greater risk for CVD (aHR 1.31, 95% CI 1.07-1.59). Conversely, increasing PM10 and PM2.5-10 levels were not associated with increased CVD risk (p for trend 0.078 and 0.361, respectively). Cancer survivors who reduce PM2.5 exposure may reduce their risk of developing CVD.

scholarly journals Urinary Levels of the Acrolein Conjugates of Carnosine Are Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1383
Author(s):  
Timothy E. O’Toole ◽  
Xiaohong Li ◽  
Daniel W. Riggs ◽  
David J. Hoetker ◽  
Shahid P. Baba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Urinary Levels

Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide (β-alanine-L-histidine) which supports physiological homeostasis by buffering intracellular pH, chelating metals, and conjugating with and neutralizing toxic aldehydes such as acrolein. However, it is not clear if carnosine can support cardiovascular function or modify cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. To examine this, we measured urinary levels of nonconjugated carnosine and its acrolein conjugates (carnosine-propanal and carnosine-propanol) in participants of the Louisville Healthy Heart Study and examined associations with indices of CVD risk. We found that nonconjugated carnosine was significantly associated with hypertension (p = 0.011), heart failure (p = 0.015), those categorized with high CVD risk (p < 0.001), body mass index (BMI; p = 0.007), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP; p = 0.026), high-density lipoprotein (HDL; p = 0.007) and certain medication uses. Levels of carnosine-propanal and carnosine-propanol demonstrated significant associations with BMI, blood glucose, HDL and diagnosis of diabetes. Carnosine-propanal was also associated with heart failure (p = 0.045) and hyperlipidemia (p = 0.002), but no associations with myocardial infarction or stroke were identified. We found that the positive associations of carnosine conjugates with diabetes and HDL remain statistically significant (p < 0.05) in an adjusted, linear regression model. These findings suggest that urinary levels of nonconjugated carnosine, carnosine-propanal and carnosine-propanol may be informative biomarkers for the assessment of CVD risk—and particularly reflective of skeletal muscle injury and carnosine depletion in diabetes.

scholarly journals Impact of continuity of care on cardiovascular disease risk among newly-diagnosed hypertension patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daein Choi ◽  
Seulggie Choi ◽  
Hyunho Kim ◽  
Kyuwoong Kim ◽  
Nakhyun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Continuity Of Care ◽  
Health Care Cost ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reduced Risk

AbstractSeveral previous studies have noted benefits of maintaining continuity of care (COC), including improved patient compliance, decreased health care cost, and decreased incidence of hospitalization. However, the association of COC in hypertension patients with subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is yet unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impact of COC on CVD risk among newly-diagnosed hypertension patients. We conducted a cohort with a study population consisted of 244,187 newly-diagnosed hypertension patients in 2004 from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. The participants were then divided into approximate quartiles of COC index, and followed from 1 January 2007 until 31 December 2017. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD risk according to quartiles. Compared to patients within the lowest quartile of COC index, those within the highest quartile of COC index had reduced risk for CVD (aHR 0.76, 95% confidence interval; CI 0.73–0.79), CHD (aHR 0.66, 95% CI 0.62–0.69) and stroke (aHR 0.84, 95% CI 0.80–0.88). COC among hypertension patients was associated with improved medication compliance and reduced risk of stroke and CVD. The importance of maintaining COC should be emphasized to reduce the risk of CVD among hypertension patients.

scholarly journals A polymorphism in ACE2 is associated with a lower risk for fatal cardiovascular events in females: the MORGAM project

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciara Vangjeli ◽  
Patrick Dicker ◽  
David-Alexandre Tregouet ◽  
Denis C Shields ◽  
Alun Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Ace2 Gene

Angiotensin II, a vasoconstrictor and the main effector molecule of the renin–angiotensin system, is known to influence inflammation, thrombosis, low-density lipoprotein oxidation and growth factors, all of which contribute to cardiovascular disease. The associations of polymorphisms in the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 ( ACE2) gene with cardiovascular risk have not been fully determined. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ACE2 were genotyped in participants of the prospective MORGAM study ( n = 5092) from five cohorts: ATBC, FINRISK, Northern Sweden, PRIME/Belfast and PRIME/France. Using a case-cohort design, associations were sought between SNPs and haplotypes with cardiovascular events during follow-up (Cox proportional hazards model). The comparison group were a subset of all MORGAM participants who were selected to ensure similar age and sex distributions among the cases and controls. The A allele of the rs2285666 SNP (HR = 0.3, p = 0.04) was significantly associated with the risk of cardiovascular death in female subjects. These findings complement those found in other studies of SNPs in the ACE2 gene in relation to cardiovascular disease risk. As females carry two copies of the ACE2 gene, and given its plausible biological role in cardiovascular disease risk, further studies of ACE2 should be prioritised.

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