scholarly journals Functional Mesoporous Silica Nanocomposites: Biomedical applications and Biosafety.

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael R. Castillo ◽  
María Vallet-Regí
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Coating Material ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Silica Nanocomposites ◽  
Functional Composites ◽  
The Creation ◽  
New Generation

The rise and development of nanotechnology has enabled the creation of a wide number of systems with new and advantageous features to treat cancer. However, in many cases, the lone application of these new nanotherapeutics has proven not to be enough to achieve acceptable therapeutic efficacies. Hence, to avoid these limitations, the scientific community has embarked on the development of single formulations capable of combining functionalities. Among all possible components, silica—either solid or mesoporous—has become of importance as connecting and coating material for these new-generation therapeutic nanodevices. In the present review, the most recent examples of fully inorganic silica-based functional composites are visited, paying particular attention to those with potential biomedical applicability. Additionally, some highlights will be given with respect to their possible biosafety issues based on their chemical composition.

Structural features and strength behavior of TRIP/TWIP steels

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
D. V. Prosvirnin ◽  
◽  
M. S. Larionov ◽  
S. V. Pivovarchik ◽  
A. G. Kolmakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Thermomechanical Processing ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Stacking Fault ◽  
Stacking Fault Energy ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties ◽  
Twip Steels ◽  
The Creation

A review of the literature data on the structural features of TRIP / TWIP steels, their relationship with mechanical properties and the relationship of strength parameters under static and cyclic loading was carried out. It is shown that the level of mechanical properties of such steels is determined by the chemical composition and processing technology (thermal and thermomechanical processing, hot and cold pressure treatment), aimed at achieving a favorable phase composition. At the atomic level, the most important factor is stacking fault energy, the level of which will be decisive in the formation of austenite twins and / or the formation of strain martensite. By selecting the chemical composition, it is possible to set the stacking fault energy corresponding to the necessary mechanical characteristics. In the case of cyclic loads, an important role is played by the strain rate and the maximum load during testing. So at high loading rates and a load approaching the yield strength under tension, the intensity of the twinning processes and the formation of martensite increases. It is shown that one of the relevant ways to further increase of the structural and functional properties of TRIP and TWIP steels is the creation of composite materials on their basis. At present, surface modification and coating, especially by ion-vacuum methods, can be considered the most promising direction for the creation of such composites.

Extraction of Essential Oils from Medicinal Plants and their Utilization as Food Antioxidants

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 519-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Ferrentino ◽  
Ksenia Morozova ◽  
Christine Horn ◽  
Matteo Scampicchio
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Green Technologies

Background: The use of essential oils is receiving increasing attention worldwide, as these oils are good sources of several bioactive compounds. Nowadays essential oils are preferred over synthetic preservatives thanks to their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Several studies highlight the beneficial effect of essential oils extracted from medicinal plants to cure human diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, or obesity. However, to preserve their bioactivity, the use of appropriate extraction technologies is required. Method: The present review aims to describe the studies published so far on the essential oils focusing on their sources and chemical composition, the technologies used for their recovery and their application as antioxidants in food products. Results: The review has been structured in three parts. In the first part, the main compounds present in essential oils extracted from medicinal plants have been listed and described. In the second part, the most important technologies used for extraction and distillation, have been presented. In detail, conventional methods have been described and compared with innovative and green technologies. Finally, in the last part, the studies related to the application of essential oils as antioxidants in food products have been reviewed and the main findings discussed in detail. Conclusions: In summary, an overview of the aforementioned subjects is presented by discussing the results of the most recent published studies.

scholarly journals Molecular Basis of Apomixis in Plants

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 576
Author(s):  
Diego Hojsgaard
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
The Creation ◽  
New Generation

Sexual reproduction in plants is a complex, stringently regulated process that leads to the creation of diaspores for a new generation: sexual seeds [...]

scholarly journals Design considerations for mesoporous silica nanoparticulate systems in facilitating biomedical applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diti Desai ◽  
Didem Sen Karaman ◽  
Neeraj Prabhakar ◽  
Sina Tadayon ◽  
Alain Duchanoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Particle System ◽  
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Cellular Internalization ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Design Options ◽  
Nanoparticulate Systems

AbstractMesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have advanced to the forefront of multifunctional nanoparticulate systems in nanomedicine, owing to this highly fexible materials platform enabling a multitude of design options, often in a modular fashion. Drug delivery ability, detectability via diferent imaging modalities, and stimuliresponsiveness are often combined into one particle system. Very sophisticated and versatile designs along with impressive demonstrations of applicability have been reported to date, but a common ground when it comes to some critical considerations valid for any nanoparticle intended for biomedical purposes is lacking to some degree. In this study, we attempt to take a glance at some of the most crucial aspects of biomedical nanoparticulate design and relate how they apply specifically toMSNs. These considerations include fuorophore labeling and leaching with respect to immobilization to MSNs, the surrounding conditions, carrier biodegradability, and surface coating. Surface modifcation strategies and surface charge tuning are further considered in conjunction to the relative amount of cellular uptake and serum protein adsorption. Cellular internalization routes and biological techniques used to evaluate especially in vitro biobehavior are discussed. Our attempt is hereby to draw attention to some of the most frequently occurring issues to be considered in the design of MSN systems for biomedical applications

scholarly journals Conservation of white uacaries in Amazonian várzea

Oryx ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Márcio Ayres ◽  
Andrew D. Johns
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
The Public ◽  
Reserve Area ◽  
The Creation

Until two decades ago, the only reference to the white uacari of the upper Amazon, known locally as the ‘English monkey’, had been provided by the British naturalist Henry Walter Bates, who saw captured animals during his sojourn in Amazonia in the 1850s. A major Brazilian initiative led us to the first intensive field study of the species, which was carried out in 1983 and 1984 by one of the authors, J. M. Ayres, with the participation of a large number of Brazilian scientists and a few from overseas. The study illustrated the uniqueness of the várzea habitat in which the animals live and the threats it currently faces. It also captured the attention of both the Brazilian scientific community and the public. Possibilities for the creation of a reserve area within the várzea are now being implemented.

Exchange bias effect in nickel zinc ferrite–mesoporous silica nanocomposites

2013 ◽  
Vol 332 ◽  
pp. 98-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpi Banerjee ◽  
Partha Hajra ◽  
Mykanth Reddy Mada ◽  
Asim Bhaumik ◽  
Sri Bandyopadhyay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Exchange Bias ◽  
Zinc Ferrite ◽  
Bias Effect ◽  
Exchange Bias Effect ◽  
Silica Nanocomposites ◽  
Nickel Zinc
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