scholarly journals Lipomatrix: A Novel Ascorbyl Palmitate-Based Lipid Matrix to Enhancing Enteric Absorption of Serenoa Repens Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Fratter ◽  
Vera Mason ◽  
Marzia Pellizzato ◽  
Stefano Valier ◽  
Arrigo Cicero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Ascorbyl Palmitate ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Lipid Matrix ◽  
Serenoa Repens ◽  
Lipophilic Compounds ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Enteric Tract

The class of lipophilic compounds coming from vegetal source represents a perspective in the adjuvant treatment of several human diseases, despite their poor bioavailability in humans. These compounds are generally soluble in fats and poorly soluble in water. The major reason for the poor bioavailability of lipophilic natural compounds after oral uptake in humans is related to their reduced solubility in enteric water-based fluids, leading to an ineffective contact with absorbing epithelium. The main goal to ensure efficacy of such compounds is then creating technological conditions to deliver them into the first enteric tract as hydro-dispersible forms to maximize epithelial absorption. The present work describes and characterizes a new technological matrix (Lipomatrix, Labomar Research, Istrana, TV, Italy) based on a molten fats core in which Ascorbyl Palmitate is embedded, able to deliver lipophilic compounds in a well-dispersed and emulsified form once exposed to duodenal fluids. Authors describe and quantify Lipomatrix delivery of Serenoa repens oil through an innovative in vitro model of human gastro-enteric digestion, reporting results of its improved bioaccessibility, enteric absorption and efficacy compared with not formulated Serenoa repens oil-containing commercial products using in vitro models of human intestine and prostatic tissue.

Prediction of skin permeation of highly lipophilic compounds; in vitro model with a modified receptor phase

1991 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alma Dal Pozzo ◽  
Enrico Liggeri ◽  
Carlo Delucca ◽  
Gerardo Calabrese
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Skin Permeation ◽  
Lipophilic Compounds ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Receptor Phase

Abstract TP492: Novel in vitro Model of Arteriovenous Malformation for Endovascular Embolization and Flow Analysis

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Kaneko ◽  
Henrik Ullman ◽  
Fadil Ali ◽  
Philipp Berg ◽  
Yinn Cher Ooi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Real Life ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Endovascular Embolization ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Cfd Analysis ◽  
Vitro Model

Introduction: 3D printed human vascular in vitro models of aneurysms and acute stroke have been utilized for training, simulation and device development. However, there are no realistic in vitro arteriovenous malformation (AVM) models. Current experimental models analyzing the efficacy of embolic materials or flow conditions are limited by their simplistic design, lacking complex AVM nidus anatomic features. The purpose of this study is to develop a new in vitro AVM model for embolic material testing and flow analysis. Methods: 3D images of the AVM nidus were extracted from 3D rotational angiography from a patient. Artificial feeders and drainers were added to the nidus and an inner vascular mold was printed using a 3D printer. The inner mold was coated with polydimethylsiloxanes. The inner plastic mold was removed by acetone, leaving a hollow AVM model. ONYX injection and 4DFlow MRI (Phase Contrast MRA) were performed using the AVM models. In addition, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was performed to compare flow rate with 4DFlow MRI. Results: An in vitro AVM model with realistic representation of nidus vasculature and complexity was successfully created. Liquid onyx injection performed in the in vitro model successfully replicated real-life treatment conditions. The model effectively simulated plug and push technique before penetration of the ONYX into the AVM nidus. 4DFlow MRI flow rates were similar to the CFD analysis. Conclusions: An in vitro AVM model using 3D printing technology was successfully created. The model demonstrated realistic pliability during ONYX injection. This in vitro AVM model may represent a useful tool for training and development of new materials, and have potential of highly-resolved flow quantifications.

scholarly journals 3D Bioprinting of In Vitro Models Using Hydrogel-Based Bioinks

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 366
Author(s):  
Yeong-Jin Choi ◽  
Honghyun Park ◽  
Dong-Heon Ha ◽  
Hui-Suk Yun ◽  
Hee-Gyeong Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Human Society ◽  
3D Bioprinting ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Pathological Behavior

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has recently emerged as a global pandemic, has caused a serious economic crisis due to the social disconnection and physical distancing in human society. To rapidly respond to the emergence of new diseases, a reliable in vitro model needs to be established expeditiously for the identification of appropriate therapeutic agents. Such models can be of great help in validating the pathological behavior of pathogens and therapeutic agents. Recently, in vitro models representing human organs and tissues and biological functions have been developed based on high-precision 3D bioprinting. In this paper, we delineate an in-depth assessment of the recently developed 3D bioprinting technology and bioinks. In particular, we discuss the latest achievements and future aspects of the use of 3D bioprinting for in vitro modeling.

scholarly journals 54 Substrate and inoculum composition affect in vitro model of ruminal acidosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 151-151
Author(s):  
Natalie Shaw ◽  
Sara Tondini ◽  
Daniel W Shike ◽  
Joshua C McCann
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Vitro Model

Abstract The objective was to create an in vitro model of ruminal acidosis. Ruminal acidosis is a prevalent metabolic disorder in beef feedlot cattle characterized by low rumen pH. Experiment 1 was a 3×3 factorial design testing the interaction between inoculum composition and quantity of substrate. Eighteen flasks containing 150 mL of inoculum were used to evaluate treatments in duplicate. Treatments evaluated inoculum ratios (buffer: rumen fluid) 2:1, 4:1, and 6:1 in combination with substrate levels 5 g, 7.5 g, and 10 g. Manual pH was collected every 4 h for 36 h. Experiment 2 was a completely randomized design with 5 treatments evaluated in triplicate. Treatments consisted of a 4:1 inoculum ratio (150 mL) with the substrate (7.5 g) consisting of 70% corn (PCON), 40% corn (NCON), or increasing inclusions (10, 20, and 30%) of wheat in place of corn (W10, W20, and W30). Flasks were incubated at 39°C for 36 h with continual pH measurement. In exp. 1, 7.5 g of substrate remained between a pH of 5.6 and 5.0 (P ≤ 0.01) for a longer period (880 min) than 10 g of substrate (520 min). In experiment 2, a treatment by time interaction (P ≤ 0.05) was observed for pH with NCON having the greatest pH over 8-36 h and PCON having the lowest pH over 4-8 h. A treatment by time interaction (P = 0.02) was observed for lactate at 20 h with PCON having the greatest and W30 having the lowest concentration. Treatment PCON had the greatest (P < 0.01) acetate and propionate concentration. The W20 treatment remained between a pH of 5.6 and 5.0 (P < 0.01) for a longer period than PCON. Results suggest W20 and PCON may be the most useful in vitro models of ruminal acidosis.

scholarly journals EWSR1-WT1 Target Genes and Therapeutic Options Identified in a Novel DSRCT In Vitro Model

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 6072
Author(s):  
Margit Bleijs ◽  
Corine Pleijte ◽  
Sem Engels ◽  
Femke Ringnalda ◽  
Friederike Meyer-Wentrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Chromosomal Translocation ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Vitro Model

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare and aggressive soft tissue sarcoma with a lack of effective treatment options and a poor prognosis. DSRCT is characterized by a chromosomal translocation, resulting in the EWSR1-WT1 gene fusion. The molecular mechanisms driving DSRCT are poorly understood, and a paucity of preclinical models hampers DSRCT research. Here, we establish a novel primary patient-derived DSRCT in vitro model, recapitulating the original tumor. We find that EWSR1-WT1 expression affects cell shape and cell survival, and we identify downstream target genes of the EWSR1-WT1 fusion. Additionally, this preclinical in vitro model allows for medium-throughput drug screening. We discover sensitivity to several drugs, including compounds targeting RTKs. MERTK, which has been described as a therapeutic target for several malignancies, correlates with EWSR1-WT1 expression. Inhibition of MERTK with the small-molecule inhibitor UNC2025 results in reduced proliferation of DSRCT cells in vitro, suggesting MERTK as a therapeutic target in DSRCT. This study underscores the usefulness of preclinical in vitro models for studying molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic options.

scholarly journals In Vitro Model of Bartonella henselae-Induced Angiogenesis

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 7315-7317 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Kirby
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Type I ◽  
Blood Vessel Formation ◽  
Vitro Model

ABSTRACT Bartonella henselae is a gram-negative pathogen that causes angiogenesis. Here, I establish in vitro models to study Bartonella-induced blood vessel formation. I found that B. henselae induces long-term endothelial survival and tubular differentiation within type I collagen matrix.

Velocity Measurements Inside a Hemodialysis Graft In Vitro Model

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Smith ◽  
Francis Loth ◽  
Hisham S. Bassiouny ◽  
Paul Fischer ◽  
Jennifer K. Grogan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Laser Doppler Anemometry ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Venous Anastomosis ◽  
Rate Environment ◽  
Plastic Cast ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Good Agreement

Arteriovenous (AV) grafts, which provide an access site for hemodialysis, typically produce a high flow rate environment with pressure and velocity fluctuations; high and low wall shear stress, and vibration. Laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) was performed at Reynolds number (Re) 1200 on an in vitro model, which was constructed from computerized tomography (CT) images of a perfusion fixed plastic cast of a canine venous anastomosis. The results obtained were compared to numerical results and to results previously obtained with idealized in vitro models. This study showed the importance of an accurate geometry in characterizing the flow environment inside an AV graft. Good agreement between the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and LDA was observed although differences were clearly present.

scholarly journals Best Practices and Progress in Precision-Cut Liver Slice Cultures

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 7137
Author(s):  
Liza Dewyse ◽  
Hendrik Reynaert ◽  
Leo A. van Grunsven
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Liver Slice ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Cell Matrix Interactions

Thirty-five years ago, precision-cut liver slices (PCLS) were described as a promising tool and were expected to become the standard in vitro model to study liver disease as they tick off all characteristics of a good in vitro model. In contrast to most in vitro models, PCLS retain the complex 3D liver structures found in vivo, including cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions, and therefore should constitute the most reliable tool to model and to investigate pathways underlying chronic liver disease in vitro. Nevertheless, the biggest disadvantage of the model is the initiation of a procedure-induced fibrotic response. In this review, we describe the parameters and potential of PCLS cultures and discuss whether the initially described limitations and pitfalls have been overcome. We summarize the latest advances in PCLS research and critically evaluate PCLS use and progress since its invention in 1985.

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