scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Neuroprotective Strategies in the Management of Hypoglycemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 550
Author(s):  
Marius Nistor ◽  
Martin Schmidt ◽  
Isabel Graul ◽  
Florian Rakers ◽  
René Schiffner
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cerebral Damage ◽  
Hypoglycemia Unawareness ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Neuroprotective Strategies ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus

Severe hypogylcemia has been found to induce cerebral damage. While a number of illnesses can lead to hypoglycemic episodes, antidiabetic medications prescribed for glycemic control are a common cause. Considering the rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the population, we investigated neuroprotective strategies during hypoglycemia in the form of a systematic review in adherence to the PRISMA statement. A review protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database. A systematic literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and CENTRAL was performed in September 2018. Based on a predefined inclusion protocol, results were screened and evaluated by two researchers. Both animal experiments and human studies were included, and their risk of bias was assessed with SYRCLE’s and the Cochrane risk of bias tools, respectively. Of a total of 16,230 results, 145 were assessed in full-text form: 27 articles adhered to the inclusion criteria and were qualitatively analyzed. The retrieved neuroprotective strategies could be categorized into three subsets: (1) Energy substitution, (2) hypoglycemia unawareness, and (3) other neuroprotective strategies. While on a study level, the individual results appeared promising, more research is required to investigate not only specific neuroprotective strategies against hypoglycemic cerebral damage, but also its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.

Evaluating Efficacy and Safety of Intradermal Delivery of Vaccines through Microneedle(s) in Animals: Systematic Review Protocol (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishumeet Kaur Bajwa ◽  
Navneet Kaur ◽  
Joseph L. Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Systematic Review Protocol ◽  
Intradermal Delivery ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Intradermal Route

BACKGROUND Microneedles are defined as micron-sized projections that create microscopic holes to the skin on application so that drug molecules can penetrate across the outer layers of the skin into the dermis or deeper. Skin is a natural barrier for defense against invading pathogens. Additionally, the dermis possesses dendritic cells that are efficient for antigen presentation and initiating the cascade of immunogenic responses leading to antibody production. Therefore, intradermal delivery of vaccine antigens could be a safe and less invasive alternative for vaccine delivery compared with conventional intramuscular injection. OBJECTIVE We intend to undertake a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intradermal delivery of vaccines using microneedles in animal models. METHODS In this systematic review, we will consider all study designs evaluating the safety and/or efficacy of intradermal delivery of vaccines using microneedles in animal models. Our search strategy will include free text terms and controlled vocabulary for, “microneedle”, “vaccine”, and “intradermal”. We will search literature through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and OpenGrey, and we will not have language or date limits. Two review authors will independently select eligible studies and assess the risk of bias using the SYRCLE’s tool particularly for controlled studies and OHAT Risk of Bias Rating Tool for case studies, case-control studies, non-randomized studies, and cohort studies, and CAMARADES checklist to appraise the quality of the included studies. We will report structured summaries of the included studies and, if possible, conduct meta-analyses. The primary outcome to be measured is the efficacy of vaccine delivered through an intradermal route using microneedle(s) such as parameters of immunogenicity (for example antibody levels), sero-efficacy (for example sero-conversion), protective efficacy, etc. Secondary outcomes would include the safety of vaccines delivered through the intradermal route. This could include parameters to identify and/or quantify the timing and nature of local reactions, bleeding, systemic reactions, and death. Pain response during vaccination delivered through the intradermal route will also be evaluated. RESULTS This is a protocol for a systematic review; therefore, results are not available. CONCLUSIONS This is the first systematic review protocol aiming to assess the evidence on the efficacy and safety of intradermal delivery of vaccines using microneedles in various animal models. The findings will inform the safety and efficacy of intradermal delivery of vaccines in animal models, with the overall goal of considering the method for human vaccination as well. The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. CLINICALTRIAL PROSPERO CRD42021236625

scholarly journals Pharmacogenetics of Type 2 diabetes mellitus: A Systematic Review Protocol (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza Aghaei Meybodi ◽  
Negar Sarhangi ◽  
Anoosh Naghavi ◽  
Marzieh Rahbaran ◽  
Maryam Hassani Doabsari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Review Protocol

UNSTRUCTURED The objective of this systematic review is to determine the effect of genetic variants that associate with antidiabetic medications and their efficacy and toxicity in T2DM patients. The understanding may allow interventions for improving management of T2DM and later systematically evaluated in more in-depth studies. We will have performed a comprehensive search using PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Sciences and Cochrane database from 1990 to 2018. Relevant journals and references of all included studies will be hand searched to find the additional studied. Eligible studies such as pharmacogenetics studies in terms of drug response and toxicity in the type 2 diabetes patients and performed just on human will be included. Data extraction and quality assessment will be carried out by two independent reviewers and disagreements will be resolved through third expert reviewer. Risk of bias will be assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized studies and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for observational Studies. Narrative synthesis will be conducted by the combination of key findings. The results of this study will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication and also presented at PROSPERO. We expect this review will provide highly relevant information for clinicians, pharmaceutical industry that will benefit from the summary of the best available data regarding the efficacy of antidiabetic medication in the aspect of pharmacogenetics. PROSPERO Registration number (CRD42018104843)

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN THE TREATMENT OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DYSFUNCTION USING ULTRASOUND GUIDED ARTHROCENTESIS AND CONVENTIONAL THERAPY

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Chirag Bhatia ◽  
Hirkani Attarde
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Reported Data

Objective: This systematic review aimed to compare outcomes between ultrasound (US)-guided arthrocentesis and conventional arthrocentesis for the management of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs). Methods: PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and th EBSCOhost databases were searched up to 30 September 2020 for randomized control trials (RCTs) comparing US-guided and conventional arthrocentesis. The review protocol followed the PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020211942). The risk of bias of the studies was independently evaluated using Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Results: Four RCTs were included. It did not demonstrate any statistically signicant difference in pain or maximal mouth opening (MMO) scores after 1 week and 1 month of follow-up between US-guided and conventional arthrocentesis. Studies also reported data on intra-operative needle relocations and operating time but with conicting results. Conclusion: This study indicates that the use of US during arthrocentesis may not improve postoperative pain and MMO in the short term. Further high-quality adequately powered RCTs are required to strengthen current evidence.

scholarly journals Necessity of dural tenting sutures in modern neurosurgery: protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e027904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Przepiórka ◽  
Przemysław Kunert ◽  
Jarosław Żyłkowski ◽  
Jan Fortuniak ◽  
Patrycja Larysz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Potential Space ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
The Past ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Ethical Committee Approval ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Review Protocol

IntroductionThe ongoing need for dural tenting sutures in a contemporary neurosurgical practice has been questioned in the literature for over two decades. In the past, these sutures were supposed to prevent blood collecting in the potential space between the skull and the dura by elevating the latter. Theoretically, with modern haemostasis and proper postoperative care, this technique should not be necessary and the surgery time can be shortened. Unfortunately, there is no evidence-based proof to either support or reject this hypothesis.Methods and analysisThe systematic review will be performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement and The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Eight electronic databases of peer-reviewed journals will be searched, as well as other sources. Eligible articles will be assessed against inclusion criteria. The intervention is not tenting the dura and this will be compared with the usual dural tenting sutures. Where possible, ‘summary of findings’ tables will be generated.Ethics and disseminationEthical committee approval is not required for a systematic review protocol. Findings will be presented at international neurosurgical conferences and published in a peer-reviewed medical journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018097089.

scholarly journals Food Environmental Interventions Protocol Using Social Marketing or Incentive-Based Strategies for Improving Dietary Behaviours and Health Outcomes - Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimi Sawada ◽  
Yoshiko Yamamoto ◽  
Katharina da Silva Lopes ◽  
Norio Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Financial Incentive ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Behavioural Science ◽  
Environmental Interventions ◽  
Review Protocol

Abstract Background: In recent years, behavioural science theories such as social marketing or incentive-based food price strategies have been proposed to promote healthy and desirable eating habits potentially staving off a global increase in certain non-communicable disease (NCDs) such as obesity.This paper describes a systematic review protocol that validates the effectiveness of social marketing including financial incentive interventions in preventing unhealthy eating behaviour and diet-related NCDs.Methods: We will search online databases for interventions using randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster RCTs. We will assess social marketing included financial incentive interventions in setting such as supermarkets, places of work, or school cafeterias and vending machines for all people. Two authors will read the papers independently, discuss the content, and come to a consensus on the judgment. If two authors cannot reach an agreement, they will consult with the other authors to reach a resolution. For the qualitative assessment, methodology relying on the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool 2 will be used to confirm the risk of bias for the included trials. Discussion: This is a protocol for a systematic review, and the main purpose of the review is to identify the effectiveness of social marketing and incentive-based approaches to increase desirable eating and consumption behaviours to prevent NCDs in communities, workplaces, and schools. Trial registration: This review protocol is registered with PROSPERO(CRD××) on〇, 〇, 2020.

scholarly journals A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE APPROACHES ENHANCING THE MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-182
Author(s):  
Songül Tümkaya ◽  
Hakan Ulum
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mathematics Achievement ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Elementary School Mathematics ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Meta Analyses

Aim. The aim of this study is to analyse the conducted studies in order to reveal the effect of the strategies, methods and techniques used in elementary school mathematics courses, to apply critical strategies based on impartiality, and to critically evaluate and synthesize them. Methods. In this systematic review study, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement was used in order to prepare the systematic review protocol. The studies were based on students’ achievement resulting from student-centred strategy, methods and techniques. Results. The results of the study show that the number of participants of the primary studies centred on the range of 31- 60 to 90 and above. Moreover, the total number of studies conducted in different countries constitutes a significant proportion of the studies included. In most of the studies (f=87), significant differences were found in favour of the experimental group.              Conclusion. Within the framework of the inclusion criteria of the research, it can be concluded that student-centred strategy methods and techniques statistically change the students' mathematics achievement. Among these methods and techniques, Realistic Mathematics Education, Computer Assisted Teaching Method, and Collaborative Learning Method were prominent.

scholarly journals Acupuncture for emotional disorders in patients with migraine: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e034290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Sun ◽  
Mingsheng Sun ◽  
Zhengjie Li ◽  
Rui-Rui Sun ◽  
Ling Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Emotional Functioning ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Systematic Review Protocol ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Review Protocol

IntroductionMigraine is the second-leading cause of years lived with disability worldwide. The high prevalence of migraine-related emotional disorders is often overlooked. Acupuncture is often used to treat both migraine and emotional disorders. This systematic review protocol aims to analyse whether acupuncture is effective for treating emotional disorders in patients with migraine.Methods and analysisNine databases will be searched from inception to may 2019: cochrane central register of controlled trials, medline, embase, allied and complementary medicine database, cinahl, china national knowledge infrastructure, chinese biomedical literature database, vip database and wanfang database. Randomised controlled trials (rcts) of acupuncture therapy for migraine with emotional functioning outcomes, which were reported in chinese or english, will be included. The primary outcome is the change in emotional functioning. Study selection, data extraction and assessment of the risk of bias will be performed independently by two or more reviewers. Revman software (v.5.3) will be used to perform the assessment of the risk of bias and data synthesis.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not be needed because the data will not contain individual patient data, and there are no concerns about privacy. The results of this meta-analysis will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal or relevant conference.Trial registration numberCRD42019139433.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Management of COVID-19 Patients: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Tobaiqy ◽  
Mohammed Qashqary ◽  
Shrooq Al-Dahery ◽  
Alaa Mujallad ◽  
Almonther Abdullah Hershan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Systematic Review Protocol ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Review Protocol

AbstractBackgroundSARS-CoV-2 is the cause of the COVID-19 that has been declared a global pandemic by the WHO in 2020. The COVID-19 treatment guidelines vary in each country, and yet there is no approved therapeutic for COVID-19.Aims of the studythis review aimed to report any evidence of therapeutics used for the management of COVID-19 patients in clinical practice since the emergence of the virus.MethodsA systematic review protocol was developed based on PRISMA Statement. Articles for review were selected from electronic databases (Embase, Medline and Google Scholar). Readily accessible peer-reviewed full articles in English published from December 1 st, 2019 to March 26 th, 2020 were included. The search terms included combinations of: COVID, SARS-COV-2, glucocorticoids, convalescent plasma, antiviral, antibacterial. There were no restrictions on the type of study design eligible for inclusion.ResultsAs of March 26, 2020, of the initial manuscripts identified (n=449) articles. Forty-one studies were included, of which clinical trials (n=3), (case reports n=7), case series (n=10), retrospective (n=11) and prospective (n=10) observational studies. Thirty-six studies were conducted in China (88%).The most common mentioned and reported medicine in this systematic review was corticosteroids (n=25), followed by Lopinavir (n=21) and oseltamivir (n=16).ConclusionsThis is the first systematic review up to date related to the therapeutics used in COVID-19 patients. Only forty-one research articles on COVID-19 and therapeutics were found eligible to be included, most conducted in China, corticosteroid therapy was found to be the most used medicine in these studies.

scholarly journals Current evidence for nonpharmacological interventions and criteria for surgical management of persistent acromioclavicular joint osteoarthritis: A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 395-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Farrell ◽  
Lyn Watson ◽  
Hemakumar Devan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Comparative Effectiveness ◽  
Acromioclavicular Joint ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Final Synthesis

Background The primary aim of this systematic review was to investigate the individual/combined effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions in individuals with persistent acromioclavicular joint osteoarthritis. The secondary aims were to investigate the comparative effectiveness of nonpharmacological versus surgical interventions, and to identify the criteria used for defining failure of conservative interventions in individuals who require surgery for persistent acromioclavicular joint osteoarthritis. Method Major electronic databases were searched from inception until October 2018. Studies involving adults aged 16 years and older, diagnosed clinically and radiologically with isolated acromioclavicular joint osteoarthritis for at least three months or more were included. Studies must explicitly state the type and duration of conservative interventions. Methodological risk of bias was assessed using the Modified Downs and Black checklist. Results Ten surgical intervention studies were included for final synthesis. No studies investigated the effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions or compared them with surgical interventions. Common nonpharmacological interventions trialed from the 10 included studies were activity modification (n = 8) and physiotherapy (n = 4). Four to six months was the most often reported timeframe defining failure of conservative management (range 3–12 months). Conclusions Currently, there is no evidence to guide clinicians about the individual or combined effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions for individuals with persistent acromioclavicular joint osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals The Effect of Acupuncture for ATP Activity in Brain Diseases: Protocol of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Experiments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luping Yang ◽  
Xili Xiao ◽  
Yijing Jiang ◽  
Yaling Zheng ◽  
Lihong Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Atp Depletion ◽  
Complex Iii ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Robust Evidence

Abstract Background: Brain is an energy-consuming organ, which is highly depended on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) supplying energy to maintain the functions of memory, thinking, cognition etc. Some animal experiment findings have indicated that ATP depletion was correlated with multiple brain diseases [brain injury, Parkinson disease (PD), stroke, brain tumor, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD), etc.]. Acupuncture has been identified that it has a therapeutic effect for brain diseases. However, the mechanism of acupuncture for brain diseases remains to be determined. Lack of high-quality evidence of underlying mechanism could result in a limitation of acupuncture in clinical practice. Therefore, we aim to conduct a systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis of animal experiments to identify the effect of acupuncture for ATP activity in brain diseases and hope to provide a robust evidence for acupuncture in brain disease. Methods: Six databases [PubMed, Embase, web of Science, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP) and Wan Fang database] will be systematically searched from the inception dates to July, 2020. Two researchers will independently screen titles and abstracts for eligibility. Eligible articles will be restricted to animal studies correlated with acupuncture treatment for brain diseases. The primary outcomes are ATP activity, ATP content, Na+-k+-ATPase activity, and Ca2+ activity. Secondary outcomes are as following: the context of glucose (Glu) and mitochondrial respiratory enzyme activity including complex I, complex II, complex III, complex V and cytochrome c (Cyt c) enzyme activity etc. Data extraction and evaluation of risk of bias will be operated by two researchers independently. The SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) tool will be utilized to examine the risk of bias. Review Manager 5.3 and Stata.12 software will be used for data synthesis.Discussion: Numerous animal experiments have been conducted and investigated the underlying mechanism of acupuncture in brain diseases. We will retrieve the current animal experiments associated with the mechanism of acupuncture and perform a SR to provide a robust evidence for acupuncture improving ATP activity in brain diseases.Systematic review registration: The registration number is CRD 42020184971.

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