scholarly journals Nanostructured Chitosan-Based Biomaterials for Sustained and Colon-Specific Resveratrol Release

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nieves Iglesias ◽  
Elsa Galbis ◽  
M. Díaz-Blanco ◽  
Ricardo Lucas ◽  
Elena Benito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Colonic Release ◽  
Two Independent Variables ◽  
Polymer Ratio

In the present work, we demonstrate the preparation of chitosan-based composites as vehicles of the natural occurring multi-drug resveratrol (RES). Such systems are endowed with potential therapeutic effects on inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis, through the sustained colonic release of RES from long-lasting mucoadhesive drug depots. The loading of RES into nanoparticles (NPs) was optimized regarding two independent variables: RES/polymer ratio, and temperature. Twenty experiments were carried out and a Box–Behnken experimental design was used to evaluate the significance of these independent variables related to encapsulation efficiency (EE). The enhanced RES EE values were achieved in 24 h at 39 °C and at RES/polymer ratio of 0.75:1 w/w. Sizes and polydispersities of the optimized NPs were studied by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Chitosan (CTS) dispersions containing the RES-loaded NPs were ionically gelled with tricarballylic acid to yield CTS-NPs composites. Macro- and microscopic features (morphology and porosity studied by SEM and spreadability), thermal stability (studied by TGA), and release kinetics of the RES-loaded CTS-NPs were investigated. Release patterns in simulated colon conditions for 48 h displayed significant differences between the NPs (final cumulative drug release: 79–81%), and the CTS-NPs composites (29–34%).

Apple peel polyphenols: a key player in the prevention and treatment of experimental inflammatory bowel disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 130 (23) ◽  
pp. 2217-2237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Claude Denis ◽  
Denis Roy ◽  
Pantea Rahmani Yeganeh ◽  
Yves Desjardins ◽  
Thibault Varin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Apple Peel ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Clinical Benefits ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Diets rich in fruits and vegetables may reduce oxidative stress (OxS) and inflammation via several mechanisms. These beneficial effects may be due to their high polyphenol content. The aims of the present study are to evaluate the preventive and therapeutic aspects of polyphenols in dried apple peel powder (DAPP) on intestinal inflammation while elucidating the underlying mechanisms and clinical benefits. Induction of intestinal inflammation in mice was performed by oral administration of the inflammatory agent dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) at 2.5% for 10 days. Physiological and supraphysiological doses of DAPP (200 and 400 mg/kg/day respectively) were administered by gavage for 10 days pre- and post-DSS treatment. DSS-mediated inflammation caused weight loss, shortening of the colon, dystrophic detachment of the epithelium, and infiltration of mono- and poly-morphonuclear cells in the colon. DSS induced an increase in lipid peroxidation, a down-regulation of antioxidant enzymes, an augmented expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an elevated production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and a shift in mucosa-associated microbial composition. However, DAPP normalized most of these abnormalities in preventive or therapeutic situations in addition to lowering inflammatory cytokines while stimulating antioxidant transcription factors and modulating other potential healing pathways. The supraphysiological dose of DAPP in therapeutic situations also improved mitochondrial dysfunction. Relative abundance of Peptostreptococcaceae and Enterobacteriaceae bacteria was slightly decreased in DAPP-treated mice. In conclusion, DAPP exhibits powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action in the intestine and is associated with the regulation of cellular signalling pathways and changes in microbiota composition. Evaluation of preventive and therapeutic effects of DAPP may be clinically feasible in individuals with intestinal inflammatory bowel diseases.

scholarly journals Oral Feeding of ProbioticBifidobacterium infantis: Colonic Morphological Changes in Rat Model of TNBS-Induced Colitis

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najma H. Javed ◽  
Musaad B. Alsahly ◽  
Jagdish Khubchandani
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease of unknown etiology. It has been proposed that modifying the bacterial flora in intestine with probiotics may decrease the inflammatory process and prevent relapses in UC. We investigated the possible protective and therapeutic effects of a single strand of probiotic,Bifidobacterium infantis(BI), on colonic inflammation, in rats with regular feedings. Two groups of Lewis rats were prepared (n=8). The first group was the control, sham-fed group (n=4). The other group was the experimental BI-fed group (n=4). Colitis was induced in both groups by intrarectal administration of TNBS under light anesthesia. The sham-fed colitis induced groups received a daily oral gavage feeding of 1.0 mL distilled water, whereas theB. infantis-fed group received 0.205 g ofB. infantisdissolved in 1.0 mL distilled water daily. The change in body weight and food and water intake was recorded over the course of each study and analyzed. The rats were euthanized and tissues from the descending colon were harvested and analyzed microscopically and histologically. Results of our study indicated significant reduction in inflammation, mucosal damage, and preservation of goblet cells, as compared to the control animals. Modulation of gastrointestinal (GI) flora suggests a promising field in developing strategies for prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases by dietary modifications.

scholarly journals The Role of Thrombospondin 1 on Intestinal Inflammation and Carcinogenesis

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. BMI.S630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda S. Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Thrombospondin 1 ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) quite common in the United States and other Western countries. Patients suffering IBD are at greater risk of developing colorectal adenocarcinoma than the general population. Both, the adenoma-carcinoma and the inflammation-carcinogenesis processes are characterized by active angiogenesis. Recent studies also have shown that anti-angiogenesis might be a novel therapeutic approach for IBD. Thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) is an extracellular protein well known for its anti-angiogenic properties. TSP1 also has key functions in inflammation, which is assumed to be the primary cause for carcinogenesis in IBD. This review is focused on the role of TSP1 in colorectal carcinogenesis. The therapeutic effects of TSP derived-peptides on inhibiting the inflammation-carcinogenesis progression are also discussed.

scholarly journals Crown disease with extrainterinal manifestations in the form of granulematous alveolitis

2022 ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
P. N. Barlamov ◽  
Yu. I. Tretyakova ◽  
V. G. Zhelobov ◽  
O. V. Khlynova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Lung Abscess ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Lung Lesions ◽  
Tuberculous Lesion ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Clinical Description

Objective: To present a clinical description of the observation of a patient with Crohn’s disease (CD) with extraintestinal manifestations in the form of granulomatous alveolitis.Materials and Methods: A brief review of the literature on the current understanding of the prevalence and clinical manifestations of lung lesions in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and CD, as well as a description of a patient with this pathology with the results of autopsy is presented.Results: The rare presence of granulomatous lung lesions in a patient with CD was proved.Conclusion: Difficulties in the differential diagnosis and treatment of CD lung lesions are shown. In particular, suspicion of tuberculous lesion, lung abscess creates potential risks of generalization of the process when using such therapeutic effects as glucocorticosteroids, cytostatics, immunosuppressants, biological genetically engineered drugs and active surgical intervention. The authors hope that the described observation will alert doctors in terms of possible systemic pulmonary lesions in CD.

scholarly journals P453 Comparison of therapeutic effects between groups of thiopurine alone and combination of thiopurine with 5-ASA after remission introduced by oral tacrolimus for patients with severe ulcerative colitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S405-S406
Author(s):  
T Sato ◽  
K Kojima ◽  
R Koshiba ◽  
K Fujimoto ◽  
M Kawai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Aminosalicylic Acid ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Time To Relapse

Abstract Background Although thiopurine is recommended to be used for maintenance after remission, the reliable data of maintenance introduced by tacrolimus is limited for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is reported to induce 6-thioguanine nucleotides (6-TGN) levels higher in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. However, the data of 5-ASA are few reported among East Asians. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted evaluating the 70 patients with severe UC who were primary responders to oral tacrolimus from April 2015 to March 2018. Twenty-seven patients were administered maintenance treatment with thiopurine. We evaluated the efficacy of thiopurines with and without 5-ASA in these patients, using ΔMCV, lowest WBC, highest 6TGN between groups of thiopurine alone and thiopurine+ 5-ASA. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to assess time to relapse between groups of thiopurine and thiopurine+5-ASA. Results The median follow-up period was 430 days (interquartile range 207–952 days). The statistical significances were not found in patients background between groups of thiopurine and thiopurine+5-ASA. ΔMCV were significantly greater (p < 0.01), lowest WBC were significantly lower (p = 0.02) in the thiopurines+5-ASA group than in thiopurines alone group. The highest 6-TGN levels tended to be higher in thiopurine+5-ASA group than in thiopurine alone group (p = 0.09). The rate of relapse was significantly higher in the thiopurine alone group than in thiopurines+5-ASA group (p = 0.03). Kaplan–Meier curves confirmed that thiopurine+5-ASA group appeared to protect against relapse (log-rank test, p < 0.01). Conclusion Thiopurine+5-ASA induced significantly lower relapse than thiopurine alone after remission introduced by tacrolimus in the patients with severe UC, along with significantly greater the ΔMCV and lower the lowest WBC.

scholarly journals Identification of anti-inflammatory compounds from Zhongjing formulae by knowledge mining and high-content screening in a zebrafish model of inflammatory bowel diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunru Yu ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Xiaohui Zhang ◽  
Yingchao Wang ◽  
Shufang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
High Content Screening ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Knowledge Mining ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic relapsing intestinal inflammations with increasing global incidence, and new drug development remains in urgent demand for IBD management. To identify effective traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulae and compounds in IBD treatment, we innovatively combined the techniques of knowledge mining, high-content screening and high-resolution mass spectrometry, to conduct a systematic screening in Zhongjing formulae, which is a large collection of TCM prescriptions with most abundant clinical evidences. Methods Using Word2vec-based text learning, the correlations between 248 Zhongjing formulae and IBD typical symptoms were analyzed. Next, from the top three formulae with predicted relationship with IBD, TCM fractions were prepared and screened on a transgenic zebrafish IBD model for their therapeutic effects. Subsequently, the chemical compositions of the fraction hits were analyzed by mass spectrometry, and the major compounds were further studied for their anti-IBD effects and potential mechanisms. Results Through knowledge mining, Peach Blossom Decoction, Pulsatilla Decoction, and Gegen Qinlian Decoction were predicted to be the three Zhongjing formulae mostly related to symptoms typical of IBD. Seventy-four fractions were prepared from the three formulae and screened in TNBS-induced zebrafish IBD model by high-content analysis, with the inhibition on the intestinal neutrophil accumulation and ROS level quantified as the screening criteria. Six herbal fractions showed significant effects on both pathological processes, which were subsequently analyzed by mass spectrometry to determine their chemical composition. Based on the major compounds identified by mass spectrometry, a second-round screen was conducted and six compounds (palmatine, daidzin, oroxyloside, chlorogenic acid, baicalin, aesculin) showed strong inhibitory effects on the intestinal inflammation phenotypes. The expression of multiple inflammatory factors, including il1β, clcx8a, mmp and tnfα, were increased in TNBS-treated fish, which were variously inhibited by the compounds, with aesculin showing the most potent effects. Moreover, aesculin and daidzin also upregulated e-cadherin’s expression. Conclusion Taken together, we demonstrated the regulatory effects of several TCM formulae and their active compounds in the treatment of IBD, through a highly efficient research strategy, which can be applied in the discovery of effective TCM formulae and components in other diseases. Graphic abstract

Targeting Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases by Natural Products: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 1342-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Zobeiri ◽  
Saeideh Momtaz ◽  
Fatemeh Parvizi ◽  
Devesh Tewari ◽  
Mohammad H. Farzaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

An increase in the prevalence of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) as a multifactorial intestinal chronic inflammation as well as the absence of a certain cure, has created an innovative era in the management of IBD by molecule/pathway-based anti-inflammatory approaches. There are credible documentations that demonstrate Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK) acts as IBD regulator. Upon the activation of MAPK signalling pathway, the transcription and expression of various encoding inflammatory molecules implicated in IBD are altered, thereby exacerbating the inflammation development. The current pharmacological management of IBD, including drug and biological therapies are expensive, possess temporary relief and some adverse effects. In this context, a variety of dietary fruits or medicinal herbs have received worldwide attention versus the development of IBD. Infact, natural ingredients, such as Flavaglines, Fisetin, Myricitrin, Cardamonin, Curcumin, Octacosanol and Mangiferin possess protective and therapeutic effects against IBD via modulation of different segments of MAPK signaling pathway. This review paper calls attention to the role of MAPK signaling triggered by natural products in the prevention and treatment of IBD.

scholarly journals Formation development and evaluation of microsphere of sulfasalazine for the treatment inflammatory bowel diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5-S) ◽  
pp. 124-127
Author(s):  
Tanu Tiwari ◽  
Vivek Jain ◽  
Sunil Kumar Jain ◽  
Pushpendra Kumar Khangar
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Vitro Release ◽  
Polymer Ratio

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory disorder of the small intestine and colon. IBD includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), and it is a main reason for the expansion of colon cancer, referred to as colitis-associated cancer (CAC). Oral colon-targeted microsphere based drug delivery system containing sulfasalazine was prepared, optimized and characterized. The microspheres were effectively prepared by simple emulsification phase-separation technique followed by cross-linking. The formulations were optimized on the basis of drug: polymer ratio, stirring speed, concentration of glutaraldehyde. The prepared microspheres were characterized on the basis of morphology, entrapment efficiency, particle size and in-vitro release. Keywords: Microspheres, Sulfasalazine, Inflammatory bowel disease, Colon-targeted, Chitosan

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