scholarly journals The Fate of Transplanted Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells in Surgically Created Periodontal Defects in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kengo Iwasaki ◽  
Keiko Akazawa ◽  
Mizuki Nagata ◽  
Motohiro Komaki ◽  
Izumi Honda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Cell Transfer ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells ◽  
Sequence Detection ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Alu Sequence ◽  
Novel Method

Periodontal disease is chronic inflammation that leads to the destruction of tooth-supporting periodontal tissues. We devised a novel method (“cell transfer technology”) to transfer cells onto a scaffold surface and reported the potential of the technique for regenerative medicine. The aim of this study is to examine the efficacy of this technique in periodontal regeneration and the fate of transplanted cells. Human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were transferred to decellularized amniotic membrane and transplanted into periodontal defects in rats. Regeneration of tissues was examined by microcomputed tomography and histological observation. The fate of transplanted PDLSCs was traced using PKH26 and human Alu sequence detection by PCR. Imaging showed more bone in PDLSC-transplanted defects than those in control (amnion only). Histological examination confirmed the enhanced periodontal tissue formation in PDLSC defects. New formation of cementum, periodontal ligament, and bone were prominently observed in PDLSC defects. PKH26-labeled PDLSCs were found at limited areas in regenerated periodontal tissues. Human Alu sequence detection revealed that the level of Alu sequence was not increased, but rather decreased. This study describes a novel stem cell transplantation strategy for periodontal disease using the cell transfer technology and offers new insight for cell-based periodontal regeneration.

scholarly journals Biocompatible Nanocomposite Enhanced Osteogenic and Cementogenic Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells In Vitro for Periodontal Regeneration

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Liu ◽  
Quan Dai ◽  
Michael D. Weir ◽  
Abraham Schneider ◽  
Charles Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Dental Composite ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells ◽  
Related Transcription Factor ◽  
Collagen Type 1 ◽  
First Time

Decays in the roots of teeth is prevalent in seniors as people live longer and retain more of their teeth to an old age, especially in patients with periodontal disease and gingival recession. The objectives of this study were to develop a biocompatible nanocomposite with nano-sized calcium fluoride particles (Nano-CaF2), and to investigate for the first time the effects on osteogenic and cementogenic induction of periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) from human donors.Nano-CaF2 particles with a mean particle size of 53 nm were produced via a spray-drying machine.Nano-CaF2 was mingled into the composite at 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% by mass. Flexural strength (160 ± 10) MPa, elastic modulus (11.0 ± 0.5) GPa, and hardness (0.58 ± 0.03) GPa for Nano-CaF2 composite exceeded those of a commercial dental composite (p < 0.05). Calcium (Ca) and fluoride (F) ions were released steadily from the composite. Osteogenic genes were elevated for hPDLSCs growing on 20% Nano-CaF2. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) peaked at 14 days. Collagen type 1 (COL1), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and osteopontin (OPN) peaked at 21 days. Cementogenic genes were also enhanced on 20% Nano-CaF2 composite, promoting cementum adherence protein (CAP), cementum protein 1 (CEMP1) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) expressions (p < 0.05). At 7, 14 and 21 days, the ALP activity of hPDLSCs on 20% Nano-CaF2 composite was 57-fold, 78-fold, and 55-fold greater than those of control, respectively (p < 0.05). Bone mineral secretion by hPDLSCs on 20% Nano-CaF2 composite was 2-fold that of control (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the novel Nano-CaF2 composite was biocompatible and supported hPDLSCs. Nano-CaF2 composite is promising to fill tooth root cavities and release Ca and F ions to enhance osteogenic and cementogenic induction of hPDLSCs and promote periodontium regeneration.

scholarly journals Long Noncoding RNA Expression Profiles of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells from the Periodontitis Microenvironment in Response to Static Mechanical Strain

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jia Liu ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Qiannan Niu ◽  
Ni Qiu ◽  
Shuangyun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Pathological State ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Static Mechanical

During the period of orthodontic tooth movement, periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) play an important role in transducing mechanical stimulation and tissue remodeling. However, our previous studies verified that the periodontitis microenvironment causes damage to the biological functions of PDLSCs and abnormal mechanical sensitivity. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in the inflammatory pathogenesis and development of many diseases. Whether lncRNAs are abnormally expressed in PDLSCs obtained from periodontal tissues of periodontitis patients (PPDLSCs) and whether putative lncRNAs participate in the mechanotransductive process in PDLSCs remain poorly understood. First, we subjected PDLSCs obtained from healthy periodontal tissues (HPDLSCs) and PPDLSCs to static mechanical strain (SMS) with 12% elongation at 0.1 Hz frequency using an FX-4000T system and screened overall lncRNA profiles in both cell types by microarray. Among lncRNAs with a fold change   FC > 20.0 , 27 lncRNAs were upregulated in strained HPDLSCs, and 16 lncRNAs (9 upregulated and 7 downregulated) were detected in strained PPDLSCs. For mRNAs with FC > 20.0 , we detected 25 upregulated mRNAs and one downregulated mRNA in strained HPDLSCs and 7 upregulated and 5 downregulated mRNAs in strained PPDLSCs. Further enrichment analysis showed that, unlike HPDLSCs with annotations principally involving transduction-associated signaling pathways, dysregulated mRNAs in PPDLSCs are mainly responsible for pathological conditions. Moreover, coexpressed lncRNA-mRNA networks confirmed the pathological state and exacerbated inflammatory conditions in strained PPDLSCs. Taken together, when compared with strained HPDLSCs, various lncRNAs and mRNAs were dysregulated in PPDLSCs under mechanical forces, implicating the response of lncRNAs in PPDLSCs to mechanical stress. Moreover, we provide potential lncRNA targets, which may contribute to future intervention strategies for orthodontic treatment in periodontitis patients.

scholarly journals TRIM16 Positively Regulates Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells by Modulating the Ubiquitination and Degradation of RUNX2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhao ◽  
Qiaoli Zhai ◽  
Hong Liu ◽  
Xun Xi ◽  
Shuai Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Periodontal Tissues

Abstract BackgroundPeriodontal disease is a common disease that compromises the integrity of tooth-supporting tissues. Bone regeneration is the ultimate goal of periodontal therapies, in which osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells plays a critical role. The tripartite motif (TRIM)16 is downregulated in periodontal tissues of patients with periodontitis and involved in osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(hBMSCs).However, the role of TRIM16 in the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) is largely unknown.MethodshPDLSCs were isolated and identified by immunophenotype assays using flow cytometry. Overexpression plasmids and specific short-hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) were constructed to manipulate the expression of target molecules. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, alizarin red staining (ARS) and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to evaluate osteogenic potential capacity. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analysis were performed to determine the expression of osteogenic-related markers and activation of relevant signaling pathways. Co-immunoprecipitation assays were performed to confirm the interactions between proteins and the ubiquitination of RUNX2. A LC-MS/MS analysis was performed to explore the different expression proteins in present of TRIM16.ResultsTRIM16 significantly promoted alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized nodule formation, and positively regulated the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs by enhancing protein expression of RUNX2, COL1A1 and OCN. Mechanistically, TRIM16 serves as a pivotal factor that stabilizes RUNX2 protein levels by decreasing CHIP-mediated K48-linked ubiquitination degradation of the RUNX2 protein. Besides, TRIM16 significantly increased expression of COL1A1 via activation of p38MAPK/RUNX2.ConclusionThis study identified a novel mechanism of TRIM16 in regulating stability of the RUNX2 protein, which may promote the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. TRIM16 may be a potential target of stem cell based-bone regeneration for periodontal therapies.

scholarly journals Comprehensive analysis of the long noncoding RNA-associated competitive endogenous RNA network in the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells

BMC Genomics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingzhi Lai ◽  
Zhaodan Wang ◽  
Yihong Ge ◽  
Wei Qiu ◽  
Buling Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Long Noncoding Rna ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Tgf Beta ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells ◽  
Cerna Network ◽  
Significant Expression

Abstract Backgroud The mechanism implicated in the osteogenesis of human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) has been investigated for years. Previous genomics data analyses showed that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), microRNA (miRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) have significant expression differences between induced and control human PDLSCs. Competing for endogenous RNAs (ceRNA), as a widely studied mechanism in regenerative medicine, while rarely reported in periodontal regeneration. The key lncRNAs and their ceRNA network might provide new insights into molecular therapies of periodontal regeneration based on PDLSCs. Results Two networks reflecting the relationships among differentially expressed RNAs were constructed. One ceRNA network was composed of 6 upregulated lncRNAs, 280 upregulated mRNAs, and 18 downregulated miRNAs. The other network contained 33 downregulated lncRNAs, 73 downregulated mRNAs, and 5 upregulated miRNAs. Functional analysis revealed that 38 GO terms and 8 pathways related with osteogenesis were enriched. Twenty-four osteogenesis-related gene-centred lncRNA-associated ceRNA networks were successfully constructed. Among these pathways, we highlighted MAPK and TGF-beta pathways that are closely related to osteogenesis. Subsequently, subnetworks potentially linking the GO:0001649 (osteoblast differentiation), MAPK and TGF-beta pathways were constructed. The qRT-PCR validation results were consistent with the microarray analysis. Conclusion We construct a comprehensively identified lncRNA-associated ceRNA network might be involved in the osteogenesis of PDLSCs, which could provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms and treatment targets of periodontal regeneration.

scholarly journals Periodontal Destruction and Regeneration in Experimental Models: Combined Research Approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Olena J. Kordiyak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Computed Tomography Scanning

Chronic periodontitis is a common dental disease, resulting in destruction of gingival tissue, periodontal ligament, cementum, alveolar bone and, consequently- teeth loss in the adult population. Experimental animal models have enabled the study of periodontal disease pathogenesis and are used to test new therapeutic approaches for treating the disease The purpose of this review study was to draw the evidence from animal models, required for future assessment of destructional and regenerative processes in periodontal tissues. Material and methods: a rat experimental periodontitis models of ligature, streptozotocin, and immune complexes induced periodontitis, periodontal defect, altered functional loading, stress exposures and surgically created chronic acid reflux esophagitis models. Histomorphomorphological/-metrical, immunohisto (-cyto)chemical and histopathological analysis, micro-computed tomography, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, polarizing light and confocal microscopy, spectrophotometry, radiographic and biomechanical analysis, descriptive histology and computer-assisted image analysis. Results and discussion. Scaling and root planing may not always be effective in preventing periodontal disease progression, and, moreover, with currently available therapies, full regeneration of lost periodontal tissues after periodontitis cannot be achieved. However, in 70.5% of the results of experimental studies reported, irrespective of the defect type and animal model used, beneficial outcome for periodontal regeneration after periodontal ligament stem cell implantation, including new bone, new cementum and new connective tissue formation, was recorded. Therefore, platelet-rich fibrin combined with rat periodontal ligament stem cells provides a useful instrument for periodontal tissue engineering. Conclusion. There is sufficient evidence from preclinical animal studies suggesting that periodontal tissue engineering would provide a valuable tool for periodontal regeneration. Further elaboration of the developed in preclinical studies experimental techniques should justify progress to clinical studies and subsequent medical application

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document