scholarly journals Selenium Nanoparticle Synthesized by Proteus mirabilis YC801: An Efficacious Pathway for Selenite Biotransformation and Detoxification

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 3809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuting Wang ◽  
Xian Shu ◽  
Jinyan Hou ◽  
Weili Lu ◽  
Weiwei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Thioredoxin Reductase ◽  
Hydrodynamic Diameter ◽  
Elemental Selenium ◽  
Selenite Reduction ◽  
Reduction Activity ◽  
Selenium Nanoparticle ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
Average Hydrodynamic Diameter

Selenite is extremely biotoxic, and as a result of this, exploitation of microorganisms able to reduce selenite to non-toxic elemental selenium (Se0) has attracted great interest. In this study, a bacterial strain exhibiting extreme tolerance to selenite (up to 100 mM) was isolated from the gut of adult Monochamus alternatus and identified as Proteus mirabilis YC801. This strain demonstrated efficient transformation of selenite into red selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) by reducing nearly 100% of 1.0 and 5.0 mM selenite within 42 and 48 h, respectively. Electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis demonstrated that the SeNPs were spherical and primarily localized extracellularly, with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 178.3 ± 11.5 nm. In vitro selenite reduction activity assays and real-time PCR indicated that thioredoxin reductase and similar proteins present in the cytoplasm were likely to be involved in selenite reduction, and that NADPH or NADH served as electron donors. Finally, Fourier-transform infrared spectral analysis confirmed the presence of protein and lipid residues on the surfaces of SeNPs. This is the first report on the capability of P. mirabilis to reduce selenite to SeNPs. P. mirabilis YC801 might provide an eco-friendly approach to bioremediate selenium-contaminated soil/water, as well as a bacterial catalyst for the biogenesis of SeNPs.

scholarly journals Selenite Reduction and the Biogenesis of Selenium Nanoparticles by Alcaligenes faecalis Se03 Isolated from the Gut of Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuting Wang ◽  
Xian Shu ◽  
Qing Zhou ◽  
Tao Fan ◽  
Taichu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thioredoxin Reductase ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Selenium Nanoparticles ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Hydrodynamic Diameter ◽  
Monochamus Alternatus ◽  
Selenite Reduction ◽  
Reduction Activity ◽  
Liquid Culture Medium

In this study, a bacterial strain exhibiting high selenite (Na2SeO3) tolerance and reduction capacity was isolated from the gut of Monochamus alternatus larvae and identified as Alcaligenes faecalis Se03. The isolate exhibited extreme tolerance to selenite (up to 120 mM) when grown aerobically. In the liquid culture medium, it was capable of reducing nearly 100% of 1.0 and 5.0 mM Na2SeO3 within 24 and 42 h, respectively, leading to the formation of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). Electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis demonstrated that A. faecalis Se03 produced spherical electron-dense SeNPs with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 273.8 ± 16.9 nm, localized mainly in the extracellular space. In vitro selenite reduction activity and real-time PCR indicated that proteins such as sulfite reductase and thioredoxin reductase present in the cytoplasm were likely to be involved in selenite reduction and the SeNPs synthesis process in the presence of NADPH or NADH as electron donors. Finally, using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, protein and carbohydrate residues were detected on the surface of the biogenic SeNPs. Based on these observations, A. faecalis Se03 has the potential to be an eco-friendly candidate for the bioremediation of selenium-contaminated soil/water and a bacterial catalyst for the biogenesis of SeNPs.

scholarly journals Cloning of thioredoxin h reductase and characterization of the thioredoxin reductase–thioredoxin h system from wheat

2002 ◽  
Vol 367 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio J. SERRATO ◽  
Juan M. PÉREZ-RUIZ ◽  
Francisco J. CEJUDO
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Thioredoxin Reductase ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Binding Domains ◽  
Reduction Activity ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Thioredoxin H ◽  
Single Polypeptide ◽  
High Level

Thioredoxins h are ubiquitous proteins reduced by NADPH— thioredoxin reductase (NTR). They are able to reduce disulphides in target proteins. In monocots, thioredoxins h accumulate at high level in seeds and show a predominant localization in the nucleus of seed cells. These results suggest that the NTR—thioredoxin h system probably plays an important role in seed physiology. To date, the study of this system in monocots is limited by the lack of information about NTR. In the present study, we describe the cloning of a full-length cDNA encoding NTR from wheat (Triticum aestivum). The polypeptide deduced from this cDNA shows close similarity to NTRs from Arabidopsis, contains FAD- and NADPH-binding domains and a disulphide probably interacting with the disulphide at the active site of thioredoxin h. Wheat NTR was expressed in Escherichia coli as a His-tagged protein. The absorption spectrum of the purified recombinant protein is typical of flavoenzymes. Furthermore, it showed NADPH-dependent thioredoxin h reduction activity, thus confirming that the cDNA clone reported in the present study encodes wheat NTR. Using the His-tagged NTR and TRXhA (wheat thioredoxin h), we successfully reconstituted the wheat NTR—thioredoxin h system in vitro, as shown by the insulin reduction assay. A polyclonal antibody was raised against wheat NTR after immunization of rabbits with the purified His-tagged protein. This antibody efficiently detected a single polypeptide of the corresponding molecular mass in seed extracts and it allowed the analysis of the pattern of accumulation of NTR in different wheat organs and developmental stages. NTR shows a wide distribution in wheat, but, surprisingly, its accumulation in seeds is low, in contrast with the level of thioredoxins h.

scholarly journals Stenotrophomonas maltophilia SeITE02, a New Bacterial Strain Suitable for Bioremediation of Selenite-Contaminated Environmental Matrices

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (21) ◽  
pp. 6854-6863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Antonioli ◽  
Silvia Lampis ◽  
Irene Chesini ◽  
Giovanni Vallini ◽  
Sara Rinalducci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Strain ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Elemental Selenium ◽  
Cellular Transport ◽  
Environmental Matrices ◽  
Nucleotide Synthesis ◽  
Selenite Reduction

ABSTRACT Biochemical and proteomic tools have been utilized for investigating the mechanism of action of a new Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain (SeITE02), a gammaproteobacterium capable of resistance to high concentrations of selenite [SeO3 2−, Se(IV)], reducing it to nontoxic elemental selenium under aerobic conditions; this strain was previously isolated from a selenite-contaminated mining soil. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that (i) nitrite reductase does not seem to take part in the process of selenite reduction by the bacterial strain SeITE02, although its involvement in this process had been hypothesized in other cases; (ii) nitrite strongly interferes with selenite removal when the two oxyanions (NO2 − and SeO3 2−) are simultaneously present, suggesting that the two reduction/detoxification pathways share a common enzymatic step, probably at the level of cellular transport; (iii) in vitro, selenite reduction does not take place in the membrane or periplasmic fractions but only in the cytoplasm, where maximum activity is exhibited at pH 6.0 in the presence of NADPH; and (iv) glutathione is involved in the selenite reduction mechanism, since inhibition of its synthesis leads to a considerable delay in the onset of reduction. As far as the proteomic findings are concerned, the evidence was reached that 0.2 mM selenite and 16 mM nitrite, when added to the culture medium, caused a significant modulation (ca. 10%, i.e., 96 and 85 protein zones, respectively) of the total proteins visualized in the respective two-dimensional maps. These spots were identified by mass spectrometry analysis and were found to belong to the following functional classes: nucleotide synthesis and metabolism, damaged-protein catabolism, protein and amino acid metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism along with DNA-related proteins and proteins involved in cell division, oxidative stress, and cell wall synthesis.

Photosensitizer-Loaded Magnetic Nanoemulsion for Use in Synergic Photodynamic and Magnetohyperthermia Therapies of Neoplastic Cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 5873-5877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando L. Primo ◽  
Marcilene M. A. Rodrigues ◽  
Andreza Ribeiro Simioni ◽  
Zulmira G. M. Lacava ◽  
Paulo C. Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Cobalt Ferrite ◽  
Hydrodynamic Diameter ◽  
Synergic Effect ◽  
Average Hydrodynamic Diameter

In this study a magnetic nanoemulsion (MNE) was developed from a mixture of two components, namely biodegradable surfactants and biocompatible citrate-coated cobalt ferrite-based magnetic fluid, for entrapment of Zn(II)-Phthalocyanine (ZnPc), the latter a classical photosensitizer (PS) species used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) procedures. The sample's stability was evaluated as a function of time using photocorrelation spectroscopy (PCS) for determination of the average hydrodynamic diameter, diameter dispersion and zeta potential. The ZnPc-loaded magneto nanoemulstion (ZnPc/MNE) formulation was evaluated in vitro assays to access the phototoxicity and the effect of application of AC magnetic fields (magnetohyperthermia damage) after incubation with J774-A1 macrophages cells. Darkness toxicity, phototoxicity and AC magnetic field exposures revealed an enhancement response for combined photodynamic and magnetohyperthermia (MHT) processes, indicating the presence of the synergic effect.

scholarly journals The growth response of rice (Oryza sativa L. var. FARO 44) in vitro after inoculation with bacterial isolates from a typical ferruginous ultisol

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Saheed Ibrahim ◽  
Beckley Ikhajiagbe
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Abstract Background Rice forms a significant portion of food consumed in most household worldwide. Rice production has been hampered by soil factors such as ferruginousity which has limited phosphorus availability; an important mineral component for the growth and yield of rice. The presence of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) in soils has been reported to enhance phosphate availability. In view of this, the present study employed three bacteria species (BCAC2, EMBF2 and BCAF1) that were previously isolated and proved P solubilization capacities as inocula to investigate the growth response of rice germinants in an in vitro setup. The bacteria isolates were first identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and then applied as inoculum. The inolula were prepared in three concentrations (10, 7.5 and 5.0 ml) following McFarland standard. Viable rice (var. FARO 44) seeds were sown in petri dishes and then inoculated with the three inocula at the different concentrations. The setup was studied for 28 days. Results 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified the isolates as: isolate BCAC2= Bacillus cereus strain GGBSU-1, isolate BCAF1= Proteus mirabilis strain TL14-1 and isolate EMBF2= Klebsiella variicola strain AUH-KAM-9. Significant improvement in rice germination, morphology, physiology and biomass parameters in the bacteria-inoculated setups was observed compared to the control. Germination percentage after 4 days was 100 % in the inoculated rice germinants compared to 65% in the control (NiS). Similarly, inoculation with the test isolates enhanced water-use efficiency by over 40%. The rice seedlings inoculated with Bacillus cereus strain GGBSU-1 (BiS) showed no signs of chlorosis and necrosis throughout the study period as against those inoculated with Proteus mirabilis strain TL14-1 (PiS) and Klebsiella variicola strain AUH-KAM-9 (KiS). Significant increase in chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and alpha amylase was observed in the rice seedlings inoculated with BiS as against the NiS. Conclusion Inoculating rice seeds with Bacillus cereus strain GGBSU-1, Proteus mirabilis strain TL14-1 and Klebsiella variicola strain AUH-KAM-9 in an in vitro media significantly improved growth parameters of the test plant. Bacillus cereus strain GGBSU-1 showed higher efficiency due to a more improved growth properties observed.

scholarly journals Silver Nanocolloids Loaded with Betulinic Acid with Enhanced Antitumor Potential: Physicochemical Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Iulia Pinzaru ◽  
Cristian Sarau ◽  
Dorina Coricovac ◽  
Iasmina Marcovici ◽  
Crinela Utescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Hydrodynamic Diameter

Betulinic acid (BA), a natural compound with various health benefits including selective antitumor activity, has a limited applicability in vivo due to its poor water solubility and bioavailability. Thus, this study focused on obtaining a BA nano-sized formulation with improved solubility and enhanced antitumor activity using silver nanocolloids (SilCo and PEG_SilCo) as drug carriers. The synthesis was performed using a chemical method and the physicochemical characterization was achieved applying UV-Vis absorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman and photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS). The biological evaluation was conducted on two in vitro experimental models—hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and lung cancer (A549) cell lines. The physicochemical characterization showed the following results: an average hydrodynamic diameter of 32 nm for SilCo_BA and 71 nm for PEG_SilCo_BA, a spherical shape, and a loading capacity of 54.1% for SilCo_BA and 61.9% for PEG_SilCo_BA, respectively. The in vitro assessment revealed a cell type- and time-dependent cytotoxic effect characterized by a decrease in cell viability as follows: (i) SilCo_BA (66.44%) < PEG_SilCo_BA (72.05%) < BA_DMSO (75.30%) in HepG2 cells, and (ii) SilCo_BA (75.28%) < PEG_SilCo_BA (86.80%) < BA_DMSO (87.99%) in A549 cells. The novel silver nanocolloids loaded with BA induced an augmented anticancer effect as compared to BA alone.

scholarly journals Interaction of Proteus mirabilis Urease Apoenzyme and Accessory Proteins Identified with Yeast Two-Hybrid Technology

2001 ◽  
Vol 183 (4) ◽  
pp. 1423-1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan R. Heimer ◽  
Harry L. T. Mobley
Keyword(s):  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Accessory Proteins ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Yeast Two Hybrid ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Catalytically Active ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Two Hybrid

ABSTRACT Proteus mirabilis, a gram-negative bacterium associated with complicated urinary tract infections, produces a metalloenzyme urease which hydrolyzes urea to ammonia and carbon dioxide. The apourease is comprised of three structural subunits, UreA, UreB, and UreC, assembled as a homotrimer of individual UreABC heterotrimers (UreABC)3. To become catalytically active, apourease acquires divalent nickel ions through a poorly understood process involving four accessory proteins, UreD, UreE, UreF, and UreG. While homologues of UreD, UreF, and UreG have been copurified with apourease, it remains unclear specifically how these polypeptides associate with the apourease or each other. To identify interactions among P. mirabilis accessory proteins, in vitro immunoprecipitation and in vivo yeast two-hybrid assays were employed. A complex containing accessory protein UreD and structural protein UreC was isolated by immunoprecipitation and characterized with immunoblots. This association occurs independently of coaccessory proteins UreE, UreF, and UreG and structural protein UreA. In a yeast two-hybrid screen, UreD was found to directly interact in vivo with coaccessory protein UreF. Unique homomultimeric interactions of UreD and UreF were also detected in vivo. To substantiate the study of urease proteins with a yeast two-hybrid assay, previously described UreE dimers and homomultimeric UreA interactions among apourease trimers were confirmed in vivo. Similarly, a known structural interaction involving UreA and UreC was also verified. This report suggests that in vivo, P. mirabilis UreD may be important for recruitment of UreF to the apourease and that crucial homomultimeric associations occur among these accessory proteins.

Novel Anti-Cancer, Anti-Bacterial Coatings for Biomaterial Applications: Selenium Nanoclusters

2009 ◽  
Vol 1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phong Anh Tran ◽  
Erik Taylor ◽  
Love Sarin ◽  
Robert H. Hurt ◽  
Thomas J Webster
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cells ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Elemental Selenium ◽  
Orthopedic Implant ◽  
Functional Coating ◽  
Anti Cancer

AbstractTwo common problems with implantation after cancerous tumor resection are cancer recurrence and bacteria infection at the implant site. Tumor resection surgery sometimes can not remove all the cancerous cells, thus, cancer can return after implantation. In addition, bacteria infection is one of the leading causes of implant failure. Therefore, it is desirable to have anti-cancer and anti-bacterial molecules which both rapidly (for anti-infection purposes) and continuously (for anti-cancer purposes) are available at the implant site following implantation. Therefore, the objective of the present in vitro study was to create a multi-functional coating for anti-cancer and anti-bacterial orthopedic implant applications. Elemental selenium was chosen as the biologically active agent in this effort because of its known chemopreventive and anti-bacterial properties. To achieve that objective, titanium (Ti), a conventional orthopedic implant material was coated with selenium (Se) nanoclusters. Different coating densities were achieved by varying Se concentration in the reaction mixture. Titanium substrates coated with Se nanoclusters were shown to enhance healthy osteoblast (bone-forming cell) and inhibit cancerous osteoblast proliferation in co-culture experiments. Functions of S. epidermidis (one of the leading bacteria that infect implants) were inhibited on Ti coated with Se-nanoclusters compared to uncoated materials. Thus, this study provided for the first time a coating material (selenium nanoclusters) to the biomaterials’ community to promote healthy bone cells’ functions, inhibit cancer growth and prevent bacteria infection.

Optical properties of selected native and coagulated human brain tissues in vitro in the visible and near infrared spectral range

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 2059-2073 ◽  
Author(s):  
A N Yaroslavsky ◽  
P C Schulze ◽  
I V Yaroslavsky ◽  
R Schober ◽  
F Ulrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Spectral Range ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Spectral Range ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
Brain Tissues
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