scholarly journals Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling as a Potential Target for the Treatment of Liver Cirrhosis Using Antifibrotic Drugs

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 3103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Nishikawa ◽  
Yosuke Osawa ◽  
Kiminori Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Camp Response Element Binding ◽  
Camp Response Element ◽  
Element Binding Protein ◽  
Antifibrotic Drugs

Cirrhosis is a form of liver fibrosis resulting from chronic hepatitis and caused by various liver diseases, including viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver damage, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and autoimmune liver disease. Cirrhosis leads to various complications, resulting in poor prognoses; therefore, it is important to develop novel antifibrotic therapies to counter liver cirrhosis. Wnt/β-catenin signaling is associated with the development of tissue fibrosis, making it a major therapeutic target for treating liver fibrosis. In this review, we present recent insights into the correlation between Wnt/β-catenin signaling and liver fibrosis and discuss the antifibrotic effects of the cAMP-response element binding protein/β-catenin inhibitor PRI-724.

scholarly journals The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Liver Cirrhosis Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Na Young Lee ◽  
Ki Tae Suk
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Sclerosing Cholangitis ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Chronic Liver Diseases

Liver cirrhosis is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide. In addition to viral hepatitis, diseases such as steatohepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, sclerosing cholangitis and Wilson’s disease can also lead to cirrhosis. Moreover, alcohol can cause cirrhosis on its own and exacerbate chronic liver disease of other causes. The treatment of cirrhosis can be divided into addressing the cause of cirrhosis and reversing liver fibrosis. To this date, there is still no clear consensus on the treatment of cirrhosis. Recently, there has been a lot of interest in potential treatments that modulate the gut microbiota and gut-liver axis for the treatment of cirrhosis. According to recent studies, modulation of the gut microbiome by probiotics ameliorates the progression of liver disease. The precise mechanism for relieving cirrhosis via gut microbial modulation has not been identified. This paper summarizes the role and effects of the gut microbiome in cirrhosis based on experimental and clinical studies on absorbable antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics. Moreover, it provides evidence of a relationship between the gut microbiome and liver fibrosis.

scholarly journals The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Liver Fibrosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Young Lee ◽  
Ki Tae Suk
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Sclerosing Cholangitis ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Chronic Liver Diseases

Liver cirrhosis is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide. In addition to viral hepatitis, genetic conditions such as steatohepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, sclerosing cholangitis, and Wilson’s disease can also lead to cirrhosis. Moreover, alcohol can cause cirrhosis on its own and exacerbate chronic liver disease from other causes. The treatment of cirrhosis can be divided into addressing the cause of cirrhosis and reversing liver fibrosis. To this date, there is still no clear consensus on the treatment of cirrhosis. Recently, there has been a lot of interest in potential treatments that modulate the gut microbiota and gut-liver axis for the treatment of cirrhosis. According to recent studies, modulation of the gut microbiome by probiotics ameliorates the progression of liver disease. The precise mechanism for relieving cirrhosis via gut microbial modulation has not been identified. This paper summarizes the role and effects of the gut microbiome in cirrhosis based on experimental and clinical studies on absorbable antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics. Moreover, it provides evidence of a relationship between the gut microbiome and liver cirrhosis.

scholarly journals SIX1/EYA1 are novel liver damage biomarkers in chronic hepatitis B and other liver diseases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoyan Xu ◽  
Zhiqiao Zhang ◽  
Chong Zheng ◽  
Yingzi Tang ◽  
Zhaoxia Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological significance of SIX1/ EYA1 in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and other liver diseases. Materials and methods: Both SIX1 and EYA1 levels were detected in human serum and liver tissues by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescent staining, respectively. Results: Serum SIX1 and EYA1 levels were 7.24±0.11 ng/ml and 25.21±0.51 ng/ml, respectively, in 313 CHB patients, and these values were significantly higher than those in 33 healthy controls (2.84±0.15ng/ml and 13.11±1.01ng/ml, respectively; P < 0.05). Serum SIX1 and EYA1 were also significantly increased in patients with many other liver diseases including liver fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, fulminant hepatic failure, autoimmune liver disease, and hepatitis C relative to healthy controls ( P < 0.05). Dynamic observation of these proteins over time in 35 selected CHB patients revealed that SIX1 and EYA1 serum levels increased over an interval. Immunofluorescent staining revealed that both SIX1 and EYA1 were only expressed in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and their increased expression was evident in CHB liver tissue. Conclusion: Both SIX1 and EYA1 are novel biomarkers of liver damage in CHB and other liver diseases, with potential clinical utility.

scholarly journals Clinico-biochemical and morphological mapping in chronic liver diseases in patients of the senior age group

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
S. V. Stolov ◽  
T. Yu. Yamshchikova ◽  
T. A. Garan ◽  
T. A. Kochergina ◽  
Z. D. Schwazman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Chronic Liver Diseases ◽  
Histological Activity

Diagnosis of chronic liver diseases in elderly patients has its own features due to polymorbidity, multiple organ failure, being subtle the course of the disease. The purpose of the study was to identify correlations of inflammation biochemical parameters and hepatocellular failure with histology in chronic hepatitis (CH) and liver cirrhosis (LC) in elderly patients. Materials and methods. The study included medical records of patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) who died in the Clinical Hospital for War Veterans of Saint Petersburg between 2009 and 2015 (with the average age of 81 year). The diagnosis of chronic hepatitis (45 cases) and chronic cirrhosis (54 cases) was confirmed by postmortem examination. Morphological changes in the liver were described according to Knodell creteria. The degree of inflammatory activity in the liver was evaluated in points (0.1 to 3.0) depending on the level of AST, ALT, -globulin, alkaline phosphatase, -GTP, bilirubin. For similar scoring severity hepatocellular insufficiency (0.13.0) considered total protein, albumin, prothrombin index, fibrinogen. For cirrhotic patients the Child-Pugh criteria were also used. Results. Chronic liver disease (CLD) hepatitis and cirrhosis of the elderly is detected in 1,5% of cases. In most cases, CLD develop secondary to diseases of the cardiovascular system, and are accompanied by subtle symptoms, which limits their life-time diagnosis. The integral evaluation of the process activity degree according to biochemical indices was significantly higher in the group of chronic hepatitis than in the group of liver cirrhosis. Correlations of the inflammation bichemical parameters (AST and / or ALT, -globulin, alkaline phosphatase, -GTP) having a degree of Knodell Histological Activity Group chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis have not been established. The study established correlation of histological activity with total bilirubin levels in both groups of CLD. Integral assessment of hepatocellular deficiency by biochemical indicators of liver cirrhosis group was higher than in the group of chronic hepatitis.

scholarly journals A quality of life assessment and the correlation between generic and disease-specific questionnaires scores in outpatients with chronic liver disease-pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Obradovic ◽  
Zoran Gluvic ◽  
Nina Petrovic ◽  
Milan Obradovic ◽  
Ratko Tomasevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Alcoholic Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Liver Diseases ◽  
Healthy Control

Abstract Introduction. Chronic liver diseases (CLD) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in general population. The aim of this study was to analyze potential differences between patients with CLD and healthy control group, and to estimate the severity of CLD by using simple questionnaires: general health questionnaire (GHQ-12) and chronic liver disease questionnaire (CLDQ). Methods. A cross-sectional pilot study was performed in Zemun Clinical Hospital during years 2014 and 2015. Sixty participants were divided into 4 groups (15 per group): chronic alcoholic hepatitis, other chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and healthy control group. Entire study population chose one of four offered answers of structured questionnaires GHQ-12 and CLDQ, based on which mean model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) and Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) scores were calculated. Results. Mean GHQ12 and CLDQ scores were 10.5 and 5.21 ± 1.11 respectively. Regarding certain CLDQ domain scores, a significant difference between alcoholic and non-alcoholic hepatitis groups in the worry domain was observed. Mean MELD score was 7.42 ± 2.89 and did not differ between chronic hepatitis groups, while mean CTP score was 5.73 ± 0.88. A statistically significant correlation was observed between GHQ12 and CLDQ scores (ρ = -0.404, p < 0.01), but not between subjective and objective scores. Conclusions. Mean GHQ12 and CLDQ scores pointed out to general psychological no-distress condition of the studied participants, as well as scarcely expressed CLD-specific complaints. Mean MELD and CTP scores indicated stable chronic liver diseases, with low three-month mortality rates in the cases of chronic hepatitis, as well as determination to Child A group in the case of liver cirrhosis.

scholarly journals Serum Paraoxonase Activity: A New Additional Test for the Improved Evaluation of Chronic Liver Damage

2002 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natàlia Ferré ◽  
Jordi Camps ◽  
Eduard Prats ◽  
Elisabet Vilella ◽  
Antoni Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Activity Measurement ◽  
Chronic Liver Diseases ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Serum Pon1 Activity

Abstract Background: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an ester hydrolase present in serum and in the liver. The aims of the present study were to investigate the following: (a) the relationship between serum PON1 activity alterations and the degree of liver damage in patients with chronic liver disease; (b) the influence of genetic variability on serum PON1 activity; and (c) the efficacy of serum PON1 activity measurement, alone and in combination with standard liver function tests, in the assessment of liver damage. Methods: We studied 68 patients with liver cirrhosis, 107 patients with chronic hepatitis, and 368 apparently healthy volunteers. Baseline and salt-stimulated PON1 activities were measured by the hydrolysis of paraoxon. PON1 genotyping at positions 55 and 192 was analyzed by PCR and restriction isotyping. Results: Baseline and stimulated PON1 activities were decreased (P &lt;0.001) in chronic hepatitis and in liver cirrhosis. PON1 activity was significantly correlated with serum total proteins, albumin, and bilirubin in patients but not in controls. There were no significant differences with respect to allele and genotype frequencies between patients and controls. The combination of baseline serum PON1 with five standard biochemical tests had a higher classification accuracy (94% of patients; 96% of controls) than the five standard tests alone (75% of patients; 96% of controls). ROC plots demonstrated a high diagnostic accuracy for baseline serum PON1 [area under the curve, 0.89 (95% confidence interval, 0.86–0.93) in chronic hepatitis and 0.96 (95% confidence interval, 0.94–0.99) in cirrhosis]. Baseline PON1 provided the highest ROC area for cirrhosis vs controls. Conclusions: The significant decrease of PON1 activity in chronic liver diseases is related to the degree of hepatic dysfunction and not to allelic or genotypic differences. Addition of serum PON1 activity measurement to the current battery of tests may improve the evaluation of chronic liver diseases.

METAL ANALYSIS BY PIXE IN THE LIVER TISSUE FROM PATIENTS WITH LIVER DISEASES

1992 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 521-528
Author(s):  
KOJI KAKIHARA ◽  
SHINJI GOHARA ◽  
TATSUSHIGE NISHIJIMA ◽  
SHUICHI MATSUO ◽  
SUSUMU ITOH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase ◽  
Metal Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate

We used the particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) spectrometry to perform elemental analysis of liver biopsy materials from patients with three different kinds of liver diseases; acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. We compared the Cu/Fe and Zn/Fe concentration ratios in these different liver diseases. There was no significant difference in the ratios because of the kind of liver disease. However, we found a positive correlation between the Cu/Fe concentration ratio and both serum GOT (glutamate oxalacetic transaminase) and GPT (glutamate pyruvate transaminase) levels in 14 patients with liver diseases.

scholarly journals Genetic structure of a predisposition to the progression of liver fibrosis of various etiologies

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-84
Author(s):  
И.А. Гончарова ◽  
М.С. Назаренко ◽  
Е.В. Белобородова ◽  
А.В. Марков ◽  
В.П. Пузырев
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus

Проведен сравнительный анализ генетической структуры предрасположенности к прогрессированию фиброза печени при хроническом вирусном гепатите С (ХВГС) и алкогольной болезни печени (АБП). С циррозом печени при ХВГС ассоциирован генотип СС rs708272 гена CETP (OR=4,08 [95%CI:1,69-10,03]; р=0,001). С алкогольным циррозом ассоциирован генотип CG rs12054703 гена NUP155 (OR=1,86 [95%CI:1,11-3,13]; р=0,016). Генотип CG rs7590760 гена DNMT3A является протективным относительно развития алкогольного цирроза (OR=0,43 [95%CI:0,24-0,78]; р=0,004). Таким образом, выявлено, что генетическая компонента предрасположенности к циррозу печени различна для этиологически разных форм заболевания. We performed the comparative analysis of the genetic structure of a predisposition to the progression of liver fibrosis in HCV-related infections and alcoholic liver disease. Genotype СС rs708272 of CETP gene was associated with cirrhosis in HCV-infected patients (OR=4,08[95%CI:1,69-10,03]; р=0,001). Genotype CG rs12054703 of NUP155 gene was associated with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (OR=1,86[95%CI:1,11-3,13]; р=0,016). Genotype CG rs7590760 of DNMT3A gene had protective effect on the alcoholic liver cirrhosis (OR=0,43[95%CI:0,24-0,78]; р=0,004). The genetic structure of a predisposition to liver cirrhosis is different for chronic hepatitis C virus infection and alcohol-induced liver injury.

scholarly journals The THE ENHANCED LIVER CIRRHOSIS TEST (ELF) ACCURATELY IDENTIFIES CIRRHOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Hefdhallah Amer ◽  
Dr. Hitesh N Shah
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Fibrosis Score ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Chronic liver disease (CLD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. That caused by Viral Hepatitis B and C (HBV, HCV), Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD) and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). The present article provides an overview of the literature reporting some relevant biomarkers (ELF test) that have been found to be associated with liver fibrosis and that potentially may be used to predict the onset and/or monitor the progression of liver cirrhosis alternative the liver biopsy. This article provides an overview of the current published evidence on the clinical utility of the ELF test. This review collects the main evidence on the emerging role of Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF) score as a prognostic marker of hepatitis, cirrhosis, and other liver diseases as the marker in cases of intoxication with organ phosphorus compounds and myocardial infarction or acute infections, and evidence that proves to use the Enhanced Liver Fibrosis as clinical practice presents an attractive alternative to both biopsy and imaging modalities that require significant high costs, also trained clinician.The most recent study proves that enhanced liver fibrosis score can be used instead of liver biopsy test and Transient Elastography for diagnosing liver fibrosis. Keywords: Enhanced Liver Fibrosis Score, Transient Elastography, Liver, Liver Biopsy, Liver Diseases Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD) and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document