scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Cold on Growth, Development and Yield of Narrow-Leaf Lupine May Be Alleviated by Seed Hydropriming or Butenolide

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Płażek ◽  
Franciszek Dubert ◽  
Przemysław Kopeć ◽  
Michał Dziurka ◽  
Agnieszka Kalandyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Germination Ability ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Generative Phase ◽  
Abscisic Acid Content ◽  
Physiological Background

In this article, the effects of cold on the development of Lupine angustifolius and the possibility of mitigating it, via seed hydropriming or pre-treatment with butenolide (10−6 M–10−4 M), are investigated in two cultivars, differing in their ability to germinate at low temperature. Physiological background of plant development after cold stress was investigated in imbibed seeds. For the first four weeks, the seedlings grew at 7 °C or 13 °C. Seeds well germinating at 7 °C demonstrated higher activity of α-amylase and higher levels of gibberellins, IAA and kinetin. Germination ability at low temperature correlated with dehydrogenase activity and membrane permeability. Seed pre-treatment improved germination at low temperature by decreasing abscisic acid content. Seed hydropriming alleviated cold effects on plant development rate and yield, while butenolide accelerated vegetative development but delayed the generative phase. Potential seed yield may be predicted based on the seed germination vigour and the photosynthetic efficiency measured before flowering.

Developing a cardiac monitoring plan in at-risk cancer survivors.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 133-133
Author(s):  
Aubri Veneruso ◽  
Megan Rae Slocum ◽  
Sheetal Mehta Kircher ◽  
Nausheen Akhter ◽  
Gillian Murtagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Treatment Setting ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Consensus Statements ◽  
Pre Treatment

133 Background: Improvements in early detection, screening, and treatment of cancer translate into survivors living longer, highlighting the need for guidelines to address the late and long-term effects of cancer treatment. A particularly concerning effect is Cancer Therapeutics-Related Cardiac Dysfunction (CTRCD). Cancer treatments can result in a range of cardiovascular toxicity including left ventricular dysfunction, heart failure and radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD). Various consensus statements related to cardiovascular care for adult cancer survivors exist; however there are no globally accepted follow-up guidelines. Our purpose is to create a protocol to stratify a survivor’s cardiac risk and provide a basis for follow-up recommendations. Methods: We first evaluated existing resources within our institution and identified key stakeholders who were recruited to form a multidisciplinary workgroup (2 survivorship advanced practice providers, an oncologist, a radiation oncologist, and 2 cardio-oncologists). We then reviewed current research and literature on cardiotoxic cancer therapies and identified two consensus statements from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging which helped inform our protocol. Finally, we created a cardiac assessment that could be applied in the pre-treatment phase and extend into the post-treatment phase. Results: Two assessment tools were developed. The first is an algorithm initiated in the pre-treatment setting by an oncologist when a Type I or Type II cardiotoxic agent is planned. The second is a risk assessment tool that is initiated in the post-treatment setting to stratify cardiac risk and provide follow-up recommendations. Conclusions: Development of standardized guidelines for assessment and treatment of late and long-term effects of treatment is critical. This protocol has been developed to account for the many factors that contribute to overall cardiac risk after various anti-cancer therapies. Further data is needed to evaluate long-term cardiac and survival outcomes based on this protocol.

Effects of long-lasting cold storage on Tenebrio molitor larvae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
S. Errico ◽  
S. Dimatteo ◽  
S. Moliterni ◽  
F. Baldacchino
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Information Research ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Percentage Weight

Insects are an emergent source of proteins in the world nutrition, both for humans and farmed animals, moreover they represent a novel food in Europe. The interest in Tenebrio molitor (L.) has particularly grown because its larvae are very rich of high biological value proteins. Although rearing of T. molitor has lately increased, the long-time conservation of alive larvae, very useful for both production and research, needs more information. Research studies conducted so far have investigated the reactions to low temperature on mealworms pupae and adults, or on larvae at 10 °C and for no more than 48 h. The aim of this study is to test the long-term effects of different times of cold storage at 10 °C on the larval survival and on the ability to become healthy adults and to potentially reproduce normally. The insects, divided in experimental groups, were refrigerated on sterile bran (and 10% of yeast) at 10±1 °C and 63% RH for 4 different periods of storage, from 30 to 120 days. Larval survival (i.e. number of larvae alive and number of pupae, expressed as a percentage), weight gain and presence of pupae were detected at the end of each period. The ability to complete the cycle was assessed by detecting the number of hatched pupae, deformed and well-formed adults. Our research results point out the possibility to store T. molitor alive larvae for long time (at least 120 days) at low temperature without significant negative effects on their ability to survive, with a relatively small loss (15.81%) and a very small percentage of deformed adults (4.07%). Further researches will be carried out to test the fertility of the well-formed adults and their ability to reproduce.

Long-term effects of radiotherapy for acromegaly on circulating prolactin

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 827-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ciccarelli ◽  
S. M. Corsello ◽  
P. N. Plowman ◽  
A. E. Jones ◽  
R. Touzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
External Beam Radiotherapy ◽  
External Beam ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Radiotherapy Treatment ◽  
Hypothalamic Damage

Abstract. In 61 acromegalic patients, serum PRL was assessed (off medical treatment) before and 2 to 12 (mean 6.4) years after external beam radiotherapy. Before radiotherapy elevated PRL levels were present in 22 of 35 males (63%) and 12 of 26 females (46%) and were above 1000 mU/l in 11 males and 5 females. When studied for up to 5 years after radiotherapy, 22 of 23 (96%) patients who had not had surgery and who had normal PRL pre-radiotherapy showed an increased PRL level and this was also seen in 17 of 27 (63%) who had been hyperprolactinaemic initially. In contrast, 10 of 27 patients (37%) who had elevated pre-radiotherapy levels (all greater than 1000 mU/l) had a reduction in PRL values after radiotherapy. In all 11 patients who underwent surgery before radiotherapy, an increase in PRL was seen after radiotherapy. In the 21 patients followed for 10–12 years, the peak PRL value occurred 1–16 years after radiotherapy. After this, a progressive reduction of PRL to normal was seen. Normal levels were reached 4 to 10 years after radiotherapy. No correlation was found between pre-treatment PRL values and final GH values in the whole group, nor between changes in PRL and the development of impaired ACTH or TSH secretion. Thus, different patterns of PRL behaviour suggest that radiotherapy treatment may either produce hyperprolactinemia from mild hypothalamic damage or ablate PRL secreting cells if they were present in the tumour before treatment. These changes do not predict final GH results or the development of hypopituitarism after radiotherapy.

Long-term effects of temperature shifts on xanthophyll cycle and photoinhibition in spinach (Spinacia oleracea)

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Krause ◽  
N. Carouge ◽  
H. Garden
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Xanthophyll Cycle ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Temperature Shift ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Xanthophyll Cycle Pigments ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Kinetics Of

The present study tested with spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), whether leaves are capable of long-term acclimative responses of carotenoids when warm-grown (20°C) plants were subjected to a regime of low temperature (1–6°C) and excess light (250 mol m–2 s–1). About 17 days after the temperature shift, leaves of the third leaf pair were compared with the respective leaves of warm-grown control plants. The cold-treated leaves exhibited reduced susceptibility to photoinhibition (at 4°C) and considerably faster kinetics of ‘recovery’ (at 20°C), as determined by changes in the ratio of dark-adapted variable to maximum chlorophyll fluorescence, FV/FM. The temperature shift induced marked changes in the composition of photosynthetic pigments. In particular, the pool of xanthophyll cycle pigments, viola-, anthera- and zeaxanthin, based on chlorophyll a+b, was enlarged by about 50%. The proportion of xanthophyll cycle pigments referred to the sum of carotenoids increased by about 25% and, in excessive light, a larger fraction of violaxanthin became deepoxidized. Overall, in respect of carotenoid composition and xanthophyll cycle activity, leaves that had been acclimated by temperature shift were very similar to leaves acclimated by growth in the field during autumn and winter. The data show that in spinach leaves, photoprotective mechanisms can be induced by temperature shift without requirement for development and growth at low temperature.

Long-term effects of temperature on gonad production, colour and flavour of the sea urchin Glyptocidaris crenularis

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Zhao ◽  
Xiaofei Tian ◽  
Ping Sun ◽  
Lunchao Hu ◽  
Wenping Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Glyptocidaris Crenularis ◽  
Temperature Group ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Gonad Production

The increasing market demand for Glyptocidaris crenularis shapes its great potential for aquaculture. Temperature is an important factor affecting gonad production and quality of sea urchins. Therefore, it is essential and valuable to carry out an evaluation of the temperature effects on gonad production and quality in G. crenularis before potential aquaculture. Here, we investigated the long-term effects of temperature on gonad production, colour and flavour in G. crenularis. There was no significant difference of test diameter, height and body weight between the sea urchins in high (16–23°C) and low (12–16°C) temperatures (P > 0.05). Glyptocidaris crenularis showed significantly higher gonad production and index in high temperature and in low temperature (P < 0.05). L*, a*, b* readings were slightly higher in the low temperature groups, although no significant difference was found (P > 0.05). Subjective colour and flavour ratings found that G. crenularis in the low temperature group showed significantly better colour (P = 0.003) and flavour (P < 0.001) than those in the high temperature group. The present study provides valuable and insightful information into the establishing G. crenularis aquaculture.

Long-term effects of alprazolam on memory: a 3·5 year follow-up of agoraphobia/panic patients

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. KILIÇ ◽  
H. V. CURRAN ◽  
H. NOSHIRVANI ◽  
I. M. MARKS ◽  
M. BA[Sogon];OĞLU
Keyword(s):  
Explicit Memory ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Drug Withdrawal ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Memory Impairments ◽  
Pre Treatment

Background. Benzodiazepines (BZs) can impair explicit memory after a single dose and also when taken repeatedly for treatment of anxiety disorders. A previous study with agoraphobia/panic patients found that the BZ alprazolam impaired memory during an 8-week treatment and residual impairments were still manifest several weeks after drug withdrawal (Curran et al. 1994). The present study followed up the same group of patients 3·5 years after treatment to determine whether those memory impairments persisted.Method. Thirty-one patients, 15 who had originally been treated with alprazolam and 16 with placebo, were assessed on a battery of psychometric tests and self-rating scales.Results. Ex-alprazolam patients performed at the same levels as ex-placebo patients on the memory task and on other objective tests. Performance levels of both groups were similar to pre-treatment baselines, however there were differences in subjective ratings whereby ex-alprazolam patients rated themselves as less attentive and clear headed and more incompetent and clumsy than ex-placebo patients.Conclusions. Explicit memory impairments found while patients were taking alprazolam and weeks after drug withdrawal did not persist 3·5 years later. We suggest that the memory impairments observed in our previous study weeks after withdrawal of alprazolam were not residual effects of alprazolam but rather were due to the drug's interference with practice effects on the tests and habituation of anxiety over repeated exposure to the test situation.

Long-term BH4 (sapropterin) treatment of children with hyperphenylalaninemia – effect on median Phe/Tyr ratios

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojca Zerjav Tansek ◽  
Urh Groselj ◽  
Matic Kelvisar ◽  
Helena Kobe ◽  
Barbka Repic Lampret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Phenylalanine Hydroxylase ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Dietary Therapy ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pre Treatment

AbstractPhenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency causes various degrees of hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA). Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4; sapropterin) reduces phenylalanine (Phe) levels in responders, enabling relaxation of dietary therapy. We aimed to assess long-term effects of BH4 treatment in HPA patients.Nine pre-pubertal BH4 responsive children were treated with BH4 for at least 2 years. The median dietary tolerance to Phe and levels of blood Phe, tyrosine (Tyr), zinc, selenium and vitamin B12 and anthropometric measurements, in the 2 years periods before and after the introduction of BH4 treatment were analyzed and compared. Adverse effects of BH4 were assessed.The daily Phe tolerance had tripled, from pretreatment median value of 620 mg (IQR 400–700 mg) to 2000 (IQR 1000–2000 mg) after 2 years of follow up (p<0.001). The median blood Phe levels during the 2 years period before introducing BH4 did not change significantly during the 2 years on therapy (from 200 μmol/L; IQR 191–302 to 190 μmol/L; IQR 135–285 μmol/L), but the median blood Phe/Tyr ratio had lowered significantly from pre-treatment value 4.7 to 2.4 during the 2 years on therapy (p=0.01). Median zinc, selenium, vitamin B12 levels and anthropometric measurements did not change while on BH4 therapy (p=NS). No adverse effects were noticed.BH4 therapy enabled patients much higher dietary Phe intakes, with no noticeable adverse effects. Median blood Phe and Tyr levels, median zinc, selenium, vitamin B12 levels and anthropometric measurements did not change significantly on BH4 therapy, but median Phe/Tyr ratios had lowered.

Ovarian Dysfunction in Fetally Irradiated Beagles

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 658-659
Author(s):  
T. M. Seed ◽  
M. H. Sanderson ◽  
D. L. Gutzeit ◽  
T. E. Fritz ◽  
D. V. Tolle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Ovarian Dysfunction ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Ovarian Pathology ◽  
Normal Offspring

The developing mammalian fetus is thought to be highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. However, dose, dose-rate relationships are not well established, especially the long term effects of protracted, low-dose exposure. A previous report (1) has indicated that bred beagle bitches exposed to daily doses of 5 to 35 R 60Co gamma rays throughout gestation can produce viable, seemingly normal offspring. Puppies irradiated in utero are distinguishable from controls only by their smaller size, dental abnormalities, and, in adulthood, by their inability to bear young.We report here our preliminary microscopic evaluation of ovarian pathology in young pups continuously irradiated throughout gestation at daily (22 h/day) dose rates of either 0.4, 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 R/day of gamma rays from an attenuated 60Co source. Pups from non-irradiated bitches served as controls. Experimental animals were evaluated clinically and hematologically (control + 5.0 R/day pups) at regular intervals.

EELS characterization of “Smut” layer films on steel surface prepared for chrome plating by anodic etching

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 538-539
Author(s):  
E Y. Wang ◽  
J. T. Cherian ◽  
A. Madsen ◽  
R. M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Steel Surface ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Chrome Plating ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Hard Chrome ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

Many steel parts are electro-plated with chromium to protect them against corrosion and to improve their wear-resistance. Good adhesion of the chrome plate to the steel surface, which is essential for long term durability of the part, is extremely dependent on surface preparation prior to plating. Recently, McDonnell Douglas developed a new pre-treatment method for chrome plating in which the steel is anodically etched in a sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution. On carbon steel surfaces, this anodic pre-treatment produces a dark, loosely adhering material that is commonly called the “smut” layer. On stainless steels and nickel alloys, the surface is only darkened by the anodic pre-treatment and little residue is produced. Anodic pre-treatment prior to hard chrome plating results in much better adherence to both carbon and alloy steels.We have characterized the anodic pre-treated steel surface and the resulting “smut” layer using various techniques including electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) on bulk samples and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) on stripped films.

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