scholarly journals Decellularized Tissue for Muscle Regeneration

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Urciuolo ◽  
Paolo De Coppi
Keyword(s):  
3D Structure ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Muscle Loss ◽  
Immune Rejection ◽  
Irreversible Loss ◽  
Volumetric Muscle Loss ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Xenogeneic Transplantation ◽  
Review Study ◽  
And Function

Several acquired or congenital pathological conditions can affect skeletal muscle leading to volumetric muscle loss (VML), i.e., an irreversible loss of muscle mass and function. Decellularized tissues are natural scaffolds derived from tissues or organs, in which the cellular and nuclear contents are eliminated, but the tridimensional (3D) structure and composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are preserved. Such scaffolds retain biological activity, are biocompatible and do not show immune rejection upon allogeneic or xenogeneic transplantation. An increase number of reports suggest that decellularized tissues/organs are promising candidates for clinical application in patients affected by VML. Here we explore the different strategies used to generate decellularized matrix and their therapeutic outcome when applied to treat VML conditions, both in patients and in animal models. The wide variety of VML models, source of tissue and methods of decellularization have led to discrepant results. Our review study evaluates the biological and clinical significance of reported studies, with the final aim to clarify the main aspects that should be taken into consideration for the future application of decellularized tissues in the treatment of VML conditions.

scholarly journals Biomimetic sponges improve muscle structure and function following volumetric muscle loss

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Haas ◽  
Andrew Dunn ◽  
Josh Madsen ◽  
Peter Genovese ◽  
Andrew Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Loss ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Muscle Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fk 506 ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Muscle Structure ◽  
Volumetric Muscle Loss ◽  
Isometric Torque ◽  
And Function

AbstractSkeletal muscle is inept in regenerating after traumatic injuries such as volumetric muscle loss (VML) due to significant loss of basal lamina and the resident satellite cells. Currently, there are no approved therapies for the treatment of muscle tissue following trauma. In this study, biomimetic sponges composed of gelatin, collagen, laminin-111, and FK-506 were used for the treatment of VML in a rodent model. We observed that biomimetic sponge treatment improved muscle structure and function while modulating inflammation and limiting the extent of fibrotic tissue deposition. Specifically, sponge treatment increased the total number of myofibers, type 2B fiber cross-sectional area, myosin: collagen ratio, myofibers with central nuclei, and peak isometric torque compared to untreated VML injured muscles. As an acellular scaffold, biomimetic sponges provide a promising “off-the-shelf” clinical therapy for VML.

scholarly journals Biomimetic sponges improve muscle structure and function following volumetric muscle loss

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Haas ◽  
Andrew Dunn ◽  
Josh Madsen ◽  
Peter Genovese ◽  
Hannah Chauvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Muscle Loss ◽  
Muscle Structure ◽  
Volumetric Muscle Loss ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals PGC-1α overexpression partially rescues impaired oxidative and contractile pathophysiology following volumetric muscle loss injury

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Southern ◽  
Anna S. Nichenko ◽  
Kayvan F. Tehrani ◽  
Melissa J. McGranahan ◽  
Laxminarayanan Krishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Muscle Loss ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction ◽  
Capacity Loss ◽  
Volumetric Muscle Loss ◽  
Ablative Surgery ◽  
And Function ◽  
Injured Patients

AbstractVolumetric muscle loss (VML) injury is characterized by a non-recoverable loss of muscle fibers due to ablative surgery or severe orthopaedic trauma, that results in chronic functional impairments of the soft tissue. Currently, the effects of VML on the oxidative capacity and adaptability of the remaining injured muscle are unclear. A better understanding of this pathophysiology could significantly shape how VML-injured patients and clinicians approach regenerative medicine and rehabilitation following injury. Herein, the data indicated that VML-injured muscle has diminished mitochondrial content and function (i.e. oxidative capacity), loss of mitochondrial network organization, and attenuated oxidative adaptations to exercise. However, forced PGC-1α over-expression rescued the deficits in oxidative capacity and muscle strength. This implicates physiological activation of PGC1-α as a limiting factor in VML-injured muscle adaptive capacity and provides a mechanistic target for regenerative rehabilitation approaches to address the skeletal muscle dysfunction.

scholarly journals Photoreactive hydrogel stiffness influences volumetric muscle loss repair

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan M Basurto ◽  
Juliana A Passipieri ◽  
Gregg M Gardner ◽  
Kathryn K Smith ◽  
Austin R Amacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Response Characteristic ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Muscle Loss ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Volumetric Muscle Loss ◽  
Tissue Characteristics ◽  
And Function

Volumetric muscle loss (VML) injuries are characterized by permanent loss of muscle mass, structure, and function. Hydrogel biomaterials provide an attractive platform for skeletal muscle tissue engineering due to the ability to easily modulate their biophysical and biochemical properties to match a range of tissue characteristics. In this work we successfully developed a mechanically tunable hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel system to investigate the influence of hydrogel stiffness on VML repair. HA was functionalized with photoreactive norbornene groups to create hydrogel networks that rapidly crosslink via thiol-ene click chemistry with tailored mechanics. Mechanical properties were controlled by modulating the amount of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-degradable peptide crosslinker to produce hydrogels with increasing elastic moduli of 1.1 ± 0.002, 3.0 ± 0.002, and 10.6 ± 0.006 kPa mimicking a relevant range of developing and mature muscle stiffnesses. Functional muscle recovery was assessed following implantation of the HA hydrogels by in situ photopolymerization into rat latissimus dorsi (LD) VML defects at 12 and 24 weeks post-injury. After 12 weeks, muscles treated with medium stiffness (3.0 kPa) hydrogels produced maximum isometric forces most similar to contralateral healthy LD muscles. This trend persisted at 24 weeks post-injury, suggestive of sustained functional recovery. Histological analysis revealed a significantly larger zone of regeneration with more de novo muscle fibers following implantation of medium stiffness hydrogels in VML-injured muscles compared to other experimental groups. Lower (low and medium) stiffness hydrogels also appeared to attenuate the chronic inflammatory response characteristic of VML injuries, displaying similar levels of macrophage infiltration and polarization to healthy muscle. Together these findings illustrate the importance of hydrogel mechanical properties in supporting functional repair of VML injuries.

Temporal changes in the muscle extracellular matrix due to volumetric muscle loss injury

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Daniel B. Hoffman ◽  
Christiana J. Raymond-Pope ◽  
Jacob R. Sorensen ◽  
Benjamin T. Corona ◽  
Sarah M. Greising
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Muscle Loss ◽  
Volumetric Muscle Loss

scholarly journals From Exosome Glycobiology to Exosome Glycotechnology, the Role of Natural Occurring Polysaccharides

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-338
Author(s):  
Giulia Della Rosa ◽  
Clarissa Ruggeri ◽  
Alessandra Aloisi
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
And Function ◽  
And Personalized Medicine ◽  
Innate Ability

Exosomes (EXOs) are nano-sized informative shuttles acting as endogenous mediators of cell-to-cell communication. Their innate ability to target specific cells and deliver functional cargo is recently claimed as a promising theranostic strategy. The glycan profile, actively involved in the EXO biogenesis, release, sorting and function, is highly cell type-specific and frequently altered in pathological conditions. Therefore, the modulation of EXO glyco-composition has recently been considered an attractive tool in the design of novel therapeutics. In addition to the available approaches involving conventional glyco-engineering, soft technology is becoming more and more attractive for better exploiting EXO glycan tasks and optimizing EXO delivery platforms. This review, first, explores the main functions of EXO glycans and associates the potential implications of the reported new findings across the nanomedicine applications. The state-of-the-art of the last decade concerning the role of natural polysaccharides—as targeting molecules and in 3D soft structure manufacture matrices—is then analysed and highlighted, as an advancing EXO biofunction toolkit. The promising results, integrating the biopolymers area to the EXO-based bio-nanofabrication and bio-nanotechnology field, lay the foundation for further investigation and offer a new perspective in drug delivery and personalized medicine progress.

scholarly journals Epigenetic reprogramming of cell identity: lessons from development for regenerative medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amitava Basu ◽  
Vijay K. Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Cellular Reprogramming ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Gene Regulatory ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
And Function

AbstractEpigenetic mechanisms are known to define cell-type identity and function. Hence, reprogramming of one cell type into another essentially requires a rewiring of the underlying epigenome. Cellular reprogramming can convert somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) that can be directed to differentiate to specific cell types. Trans-differentiation or direct reprogramming, on the other hand, involves the direct conversion of one cell type into another. In this review, we highlight how gene regulatory mechanisms identified to be critical for developmental processes were successfully used for cellular reprogramming of various cell types. We also discuss how the therapeutic use of the reprogrammed cells is beginning to revolutionize the field of regenerative medicine particularly in the repair and regeneration of damaged tissue and organs arising from pathological conditions or accidents. Lastly, we highlight some key challenges hindering the application of cellular reprogramming for therapeutic purposes.

scholarly journals Cardiosphere-derived cells, with and without a biological scaffold, stimulate myogenesis and recovery of muscle function in mice with volumetric muscle loss

Biomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 120852
Author(s):  
Russell G. Rogers ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
Kiel Peck ◽  
Lizbeth Sanchez ◽  
Weixin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Function ◽  
Muscle Loss ◽  
Volumetric Muscle Loss
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