scholarly journals Geovisualization and Geographical Analysis for Fire Prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
Nicklas Guldåker
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Fire Prevention ◽  
Spatial Analyses ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Point Data ◽  
Temporal Dimensions

Swedish emergency services still have relatively limited resources and time for proactive fire prevention. As a result of this, there is an extensive need for strategic working methods and knowledge to take advantage of spatial analyses. In addition, decision-making based on visualizations and analyses of their own collected data has the potential to increase the validity of strategic decisions. The objective of this paper is to critically examine how some different geovisualization techniques—point data, kernel density and choropleth mapping—actively can complement each other and be applied in fire preventive work. The results show that each technique itself has limitations, but that, in combination, they increase the scope for interpretation and the possibilities of targeting different forms of preventive measures. The investigated geovisualization techniques facilitate various forms of fire prevention such as identifying which areas to prioritize for outreach, home visits, identification and targeting of different risk groups and customized information campaigns about certain types of fires in risk-prone areas. Furthermore, fairly simple mapping techniques can be utilized directly to evaluate incident reports and increase the quality of geocoded fire incidents. The study also shows how some of these techniques can be applied when analyzing residential fire incidents and their relation to underlying structural and socio-economic factors as well as spatio-temporal dimensions of fire incident data. The spatial analyses and supporting maps can help find and predict risk areas for residential fires or be used directly to formulate hypotheses on fire patterns. The generic functionality of the visualization methods makes them also useful for visual analysis of other types of incidents, such as reported crimes and accidents. Finally, the results are applicable to a work process adapted to the Swedish legislation on confidential data.

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Visual Analysis for Urban Traffic Characters Based on Video Surveillance Camera Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Haochen Zou ◽  
Keyan Cao ◽  
Chong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
License Plate ◽  
Road Vehicle ◽  
Urban Road ◽  
Surveillance Camera ◽  
Vehicle Density ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Urban road traffic spatio-temporal characters reflect how citizens move and how goods are transported, which is crucial for trip planning, traffic management, and urban design. Video surveillance camera plays an important role in intelligent transport systems (ITS) for recognizing license plate numbers. This paper proposes a spatio-temporal visualization method to discover urban road vehicle density, city-wide regional vehicle density, and hot routes using license plate number data recorded by video surveillance cameras. To improve the accuracy of the visualization effect, during data analysis and processing, this paper utilized Internet crawler technology and adopted an outlier detection algorithm based on the Dixon detection method. In the design of the visualization map, this paper established an urban road vehicle traffic index to intuitively and quantitatively reveal the traffic operation situation of the area. To verify the feasibility of the method, an experiment in Guiyang on data from road video surveillance camera system was conducted. Multiple urban traffic spatial and temporal characters are recognized concisely and efficiently from three visualization maps. The results show the satisfactory performance of the proposed framework in terms of visual analysis, which will facilitate traffic management and operation.

scholarly journals MASSER AF GRUNDE TIL USIKKER SEX: En undersøgelse af gode forklaringer

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Dahl
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Sexual Risk Taking ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Culturally Informed ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Aids

Anders Dahl: Plenty of Reasons for Unsafe Sex. An Investigation of Good Explanations Information campaigns on HIV/AIDS have been running for more than ten years, but still it is difficult to demonstrate any changes in the sexual behaviour of the Danish population, except in regard of men who have sex with men. Analyses of dialogues of telephone counselling at the AIDS Hotline in Copenhagen give insights into the explanations that counselling-seeking persons themselves give conceming their unsafe sexual behaviour. It appears that safe sex is generally considered easy and simple, and therefore instances of unsafe sexual behaviour come to be regarded as “slips” and not as a pattem of behaviour. Choices of sexual behaviour are not determined by knowledge alone, but also by culturally informed personal experience and the context of the sexual act. The article points towards a new strategy in future HIV/AIDS-related work, putting greater emphasis on dialogue with people with risk behaviour, e.g. in connection with HIV-testing. The use of the data collected at the hotline demonstrates new paths in the difficult field of sex research. Also, it appears from the data that the study of the so-called risk groups for HIV is probably not the most useful way to reach an understanding of sexual risk taking, as reasons for unsafe sex transcend such groups.

The borderization of waiting: Negotiating borders and migration in the 2011 Syrian civil conflict

2020 ◽  
pp. 239965442094359
Author(s):  
SUZAN ILCAN
Keyword(s):  
Civil Conflict ◽  
The State ◽  
Border Control ◽  
City Street ◽  
Policy Program ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Temporal Dimensions ◽  
Border Controls ◽  
Depth Interviews

The past several decades has witnessed diverse techniques of border control and migrant experiences and negotiations of border controls. This article focusses on the spatio-temporal dimensions of border control that underscore the deceleration of migration movements and stimulate certain kinds of agency, processes that bring attention to what is referred to as the borderization of waiting. Drawing on and contributing to critical migration and border studies, the analysis first draws attention to city street protests in Syria that demanded political change, which in turn created powerful responses including the expansion of protests against the state, the circulation of fear by the state, and the movements of people out of Syria. It then demonstrates how the borderization of waiting during the 2011 Syrian civil conflict occurs at many different points along migrant journeys and encompasses not only precarity but also fear, insecurity, invisibility, and presence. This form of waiting encourages ‘agency-in-displacement,’ which involves strategizing journeys and negotiating inter-state military checkpoints, state territorial borders, and holding zones in order for people on the move to access safety and protection. The analysis draws on policy, program, and scholarly documents, and on a selection of fifty-five in-depth, interviews with Syrians, now resettled in Canada, about their experiences and negotiations of border controls during their departures from the civil conflict.

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Prediction for the Monitoring-Blind Area of Industrial Atmosphere Based on the Fusion Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 3788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-ting Bai ◽  
Xiao-yi Wang ◽  
Qian Sun ◽  
Xue-bo Jin ◽  
Xiao-kai Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Prediction ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Prediction Algorithm ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
Temporal Prediction ◽  
Blind Area ◽  
Nonlinear Relation ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Temporal Dimensions

The monitoring-blind area exists in the industrial park because of private interest and limited administrative power. As the atmospheric quality in the blind area impacts the environment management seriously, the prediction and inference of the blind area is explored in this paper. Firstly, the fusion network framework was designed for the solution of “Circumjacent Monitoring-Blind Area Inference”. In the fusion network, the nonlinear autoregressive network was set up for the time series prediction of circumjacent points, and the full connection layer was built for the nonlinear relation fitting of multiple points. Secondly, the physical structure and learning method was studied for the sub-elements in the fusion network. Thirdly, the spatio-temporal prediction algorithm was proposed based on the network for the blind area monitoring problem. Finally, the experiment was conducted with the practical monitoring data in an industrial park in Hebei Province, China. The results show that the solution is feasible for the blind area analysis in the view of spatial and temporal dimensions.

Toward a Visual Query System for Spatio-Temporal Databases

2009 ◽  
pp. 987-1002
Author(s):  
Valéria M.B. Cavalcanti ◽  
Ulrich Schiel ◽  
Claudio de Souza Baptista
Keyword(s):  
Query Languages ◽  
Temporal Databases ◽  
Temporal Database ◽  
Database Queries ◽  
Integrated Environment ◽  
Visual Query ◽  
Query System ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Temporal Dimensions ◽  
Query Systems

Visual query systems (VQS) for spatio-temporal databases, which enable formulation of queries involving both spatial and temporal dimensions, are an important research subject. Existing results treat these dimensions separately and there are only a few integrated proposals. This chapter presents a VQS called spatio-temporal visual query environment (S-TVQE), which allows the formulation of conventional, spatial, temporal, and spatio-temporal database queries in an integrated environment. With S-TVQE, the user, instead of querying the database by textual query languages will interact with the system by visual operators for the statement of the query conditions. The tool provides a visualization of the results in different formats such as maps, graphics, and tables.

scholarly journals Uncovering Spatio-temporal Travel Patterns Using a Tensor-based Model from Metro Smart Card Data in Shenzhen, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjun Tang ◽  
Xiaolu Wang ◽  
Fang Zong ◽  
Zheng Hu
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Travel Patterns ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Shenzhen City ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Temporal Dimensions ◽  
Metro Network

Individual mobility patterns are an important factor in urban traffic planning and traffic flow forecasting. How to understand the spatio-temporal distribution of passengers deeply and accurately, so as to provide theoretical support for the planning and operation of the metro network, is an urgent issue of wide concern. In this paper, we applied NCP decomposition to uncover the characteristics of travel patterns from temporal and spatial dimensions in the metro network of Shenzhen City. Utilizing matrix factorization and correlation analysis, we extracted several stable components from the collective mobility and find that the departure and arrival mobility patterns have different characteristics in both the temporal and spatial dimension. According to the point of interest (POI) data in the Shenzhen City, the function attributes of the station are identified and then we found that the spatial distribution characteristics of different patterns are different. We explored the distribution of travel time classified according to the spatio-temporal characteristics of stable patterns. The proposed method can decompose stable travel patterns from the collective mobility and the results in this study can help us to better understand different mobility patterns in both spatial and temporal dimensions.

A new working group on the Regional Assessments of Glacier MAss Change (RAGMAC)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zemp ◽  
Matthias H. Braun ◽  
Alex S. Gardner ◽  
Bert Wouters ◽  
Geir Moholdt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Working Group ◽  
International Association ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Mass Change ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Point Data ◽  
Release Data ◽  
Global Sea Level

<p>Retreating and thinning glaciers are icons of climate change and impact the local hazard situation, regional runoff as well as global sea level. For past IPCC reports, regional glacier change assessments were challenged by the small number and heterogeneous spatio-temporal distribution of in situ measurement series and uncertain representativeness for the respective mountain range as well as by spatial limitations of current satellite altimetry (only point data) and gravimetry (coarse resolution). Towards IPCC SROCC, there have been considerable improvements with respect to available geodetic datasets. Geodetic volume change assessments for entire mountain ranges have become possible thanks to recently available and comparably accurate DEMs. At the same time, advances have been made in processing methods for radar altimetry (CryoSat-2 swath processing), as well as new spaceborne laser altimetry (ICESat-2) and gravimetry (GRACE-FO) missions are in orbit and about to release data products to the science community. This opens new opportunities for regional evaluations of results from different methods as well as for truly global assessments of glacier mass changes and related contributions to sea-level rise. At the same time, the glacier research and monitoring community is facing new challenges related to data size, formats, and availability as well as new questions with regard to best practises for data processing chains and for related uncertainty assessments.</p><p>In this PICO presentation, we introduce a new working group of the International Association of Cryospheric Sciences (IACS) on Regional Assessments of Glacier Mass Change (RAGMAC; https://cryosphericsciences.org/activities/wg-ragmac/). The overall goal of this working group (WG) is bringing together the research community that is assessing regional glacier mass changes from various observation technologies and to come up with a new consensus estimate of global glacier mass changes and related uncertainties. The WG is organized in three work packages, two related to different remote sensing technologies (WG1: glaciological and geodetic DEM-differencing methods, WG2: altimetry and gravimetry) and a third that aims at regional comparisons of corresponding results. Participation is open to everybody who is willing to actively contribute to one or several of these work packages.</p>

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