scholarly journals A 25-Intersection Model for Representing Topological Relations between Simple Spatial Objects in 3-D Space

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyun Zhou ◽  
Qingfeng Guan
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Topological Relations ◽  
Spatial Objects ◽  
Line Region ◽  
Intersection Model ◽  
Point Line

With the rapid development of the economy, urgent needs for 3-D Geographical Information System (GIS) have sprung up in many application fields. The precise expression of three-dimensional topological relations is the foundation of spatial analysis, topological query, and spatial reasoning in three-dimensional space. In this paper, we subdivide the topological part “boundary” into face, edge, and vertex and propose a 25-intersection model (25IM) to represent topological relations between two simple spatial objects (point, line, region, and body) in 3-D space. An object in the 25IM has five topological parts: vertex, edge, face, interior, and exterior. The classification of topological relations is simplified by merging contain/inside and cover/coveredby. The 25IM describes ten groups of topological relations: body/body, body/region, body/line, body/point, region/region, region/line, region/point, line/line, line/point, and point/point. The 25IM is demonstrated to be more expressive than the 9IM and the DE-9IM, especially in distinguishing the detail situations when one object meets/covers another object (e.g., two bodies meet/cover at vertex, edge, or face).

Topological Relations between Rivers in Updating Increments

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 1950-1954
Author(s):  
Liang Leng ◽  
Guo Dong Yang ◽  
Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information ◽  
Topological Relations ◽  
Common Region ◽  
Intersection Model ◽  
Information Sciences

Topological relations between rivers (TRR) are sophisticated for rivers are shown as various patterns in Geographical Information Sciences (GIS). In this paper, basic models which were simplified into directed lines (DL) and directed bandings (DB) were used to represent TRR. Based on the nine-intersection model (NIM), topological relations (TR) were represented into 3 types of DL-DL TR, 7 types of DL-DB TR, and 8 types of DB-DB TR. Otherwise, the four-intersection model (FIM) and common region-region topological relations were testified not suitable to represent TRR in updating increments (UI).

INFOLOD AND LANDMARK: SPATIAL PRESENTATION OF ATTRIBUTE INFORMATION AND COMPUTING REPRESENTATIVE OBJECTS FOR SPATIAL DATA

2000 ◽  
Vol 09 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 53-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
KENGO KOISO ◽  
TAKEHISA MORI ◽  
HIROAKI KAWAGISHI ◽  
KATSUMI TANAKA ◽  
TAKAHIRO MATSUMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Spatial Objects ◽  
Attribute Data ◽  
Attribute Information ◽  
Spatial Presentation ◽  
Three Dimensional Space ◽  
Representative Object

In this paper, we will propose a way of visualizing attribute information for spatial objects in the three-dimensional space and a calculation method for extracting a representative object from objects in a given region. In conventional three-dimensional visualizations such as architectural simulations, most of the attention has been paid to image data such as colors, shapes, and textures of spatial objects. In this research, we will focus on the attribute information of spatial objects including image data. We propose InfoLOD concept which introduces the notion of level of detail(LOD) to attribute information as well as image data such as photographs and computer graphics for controlling the visualization of attribute information in a three-dimensional space. The visualization is controlled based on distance and orientation, and we will also discuss the differentiation factor which visualizes the differences among the objects. In addition to visualization control, we will propose the LandMark algorithm for extracting a representative object from the objects in a given region based on their spatial occupancy ratio and the uniqueness of the attribute data. The region for browsing may be specified manually by the user or may be automatically specified by some algorithm. Here, we discuss the spatial glue operation which dynamically retrieves regions containing objects with user-specified attribute information unlike conventional method based on static mesh which are often used in GIS(Geographic Information System). We will also introduce some of our implementations in order to illustrate our ideas.

scholarly journals The description of cadastral registration objects in three-dimensional space for the purpose of territory rational use

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-88
Author(s):  
N. G. Ovchinnikova ◽  
◽  
A. Yu. Butova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Spatial Objects ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

The trends in the development of a three-dimensional cadaster in Russia are pointed out. Nowadays, there are already technologies that allow creating three-dimensional models of spatial objects. The practice of cadastral accounting in our country indicates that there is no justification for the transition to a 3D cadas-ter. However, the lack of three-dimensional data on spatial objects already indicates the limited functional-ity of the cadastral registration system. The article provides a number of possibilities for the transition to a 3D inventory. It also analyzes the methods allowing to create three-dimensional models of spatial objects.

Isomerism and topicity in three- and four-dimensional space: A review

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 2675-2713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Jonas
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Chemical Behaviour ◽  
Broad Meaning ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

Isomerism is a notion of a considerably broad meaning. Not only chemists but also physicists, biologists and philosophers come across it. In the sequel, some basic problems of the contemporary understanding of the phenomenon of isomerism of molecular structures and related problems of topic relationships between homomorphic ligands and faces are dealt with. Illustrating factual material is selected within the domain of organic chemistry. With the rapid development of nomenclature in this area in mind, the issues are presented from a point of view stressing the unity of historical and logical moments. Problems arising when moving from the analysis of molecular structure models towards the analysis of real sets of molecules are highlighted. Differences between the analysis of static molecular structures in three-dimensional space and the analysis of real dynamic molecular structures in four-dimensional space are dealt with in greater detail. The method of NMR spectroscopy is discussed from this standpoint as an example of the most widespread research tool for investigating intramolecular dynamism at present. Stereo-differentiating reactions are also treated briefly and a suggestion is made to introduce into the teaching of isomerism and topicity a classification of differentiating interactions. The relationships discussed are demonstrated comprehensively using the chemical behaviour of an optically active trisubstituted cycloheptatriene-norcaradiene system as an example and, are also discussed in connection with some new findings concerning actual chiral geometries in some conventionally achiral systems. Attention is paid to didactic presentation of the topic and an attempt is made to show probable trends in future development in this domain.

scholarly journals Generating Approximate Solutions to the TTP using a Linear Distance Relaxation

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 257-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hoshino ◽  
K. Kawarabayashi
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Approximate Solutions ◽  
Round Robin ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Traveling Tournament Problem ◽  
Linear Distance ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Complete Set

In some domestic professional sports leagues, the home stadiums are located in cities connected by a common train line running in one direction. For these instances, we can incorporate this geographical information to determine optimal or nearly-optimal solutions to the n-team Traveling Tournament Problem (TTP), an NP-hard sports scheduling problem whose solution is a double round-robin tournament schedule that minimizes the sum total of distances traveled by all n teams. We introduce the Linear Distance Traveling Tournament Problem (LD-TTP), and solve it for n=4 and n=6, generating the complete set of possible solutions through elementary combinatorial techniques. For larger n, we propose a novel "expander construction" that generates an approximate solution to the LD-TTP. For n congruent to 4 modulo 6, we show that our expander construction produces a feasible double round-robin tournament schedule whose total distance is guaranteed to be no worse than 4/3 times the optimal solution, regardless of where the n teams are located. This 4/3-approximation for the LD-TTP is stronger than the currently best-known ratio of 5/3 + epsilon for the general TTP. We conclude the paper by applying this linear distance relaxation to general (non-linear) n-team TTP instances, where we develop fast approximate solutions by simply "assuming" the n teams lie on a straight line and solving the modified problem. We show that this technique surprisingly generates the distance-optimal tournament on all benchmark sets on 6 teams, as well as close-to-optimal schedules for larger n, even when the teams are located around a circle or positioned in three-dimensional space.

Exploring the Art of Masahiro Chatani’s Architectural Origami

2012 ◽  
Vol 193-194 ◽  
pp. 1205-1209
Author(s):  
Ni Na Cai
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Line Strength ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Dimensional Plane ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

With the rapid development of the information age, the forms of architecture diversify. Origami, the ancient type of art provides us with infinite source of inspiration. This paper is trying to analyze the beauty of line, strength and space of Masahiro Chatani’s architectural origami, a great Japanese artist, and elaborate the influence of origami on modern architecture. When enjoying the visual feast brought by Masahiro Chatani’s architectural origami, we can get some inspiration from it. Besides architecture, the art of origami is also applied to other modeling designs. Origami is not limited to tow-dimensional plane any more, but expands in three-dimensional space, which is the embodiment of the wisdom of human.

Three Dimensional structure and organization of diploid chromosomes by optical section microscopy

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 633-635
Author(s):  
David A. Agard ◽  
Yasushi Hiraoka ◽  
John W. Sedat
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Mitotic Cell ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Complementary Techniques ◽  
Dynamic Structures

In an effort to understand the complex relationship between structure and biological function within the nucleus, we have embarked on a program to examine the three-dimensional structure and organization of Drosophila melanogaster embryonic chromosomes. Our overall goal is to determine how DNA and proteins are organized into complex and highly dynamic structures (chromosomes) and how these chromosomes are arranged in three dimensional space within the cell nucleus. Futher, we hope to be able to correlate structual data with such fundamental biological properties as stage in the mitotic cell cycle, developmental state and transcription at specific gene loci.Towards this end, we have been developing methodologies for the three-dimensional analysis of non-crystalline biological specimens using optical and electron microscopy. We feel that the combination of these two complementary techniques allows an unprecedented look at the structural organization of cellular components ranging in size from 100A to 100 microns.

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