scholarly journals Indoor Routing on Logical Network Using Space Semantics

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Liu ◽  
Sisi Zlatanova ◽  
Bofeng Li ◽  
Peter van Oosterom ◽  
Hua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Path Selection ◽  
Geometric Information ◽  
Logical Network ◽  
Navigation Path ◽  
Path Computation ◽  
Routing Mechanism ◽  
Routing Method ◽  
Priority Ordering ◽  
Routing Methods ◽  
Indoor Spaces

An indoor logical network qualitatively represents abstract relationships between indoor spaces, and it can be used for path computation. In this paper, we concentrate on the logical network that does not have notions for metrics. Instead, it relies on the semantics and properties of indoor spaces. A navigation path can be computed by deriving parameters from these semantics and minimizing them in routing algorithms. Although previous studies have adopted semantic approaches to build logical networks, routing methods are seldom elaborated. The main issue with such networks is to derive criteria for path computation using the semantics of spaces. Here, we present a routing mechanism that is based on a dedicated space classification and a set of routing criteria. The space classification reflects characteristics of spaces that are important for navigation, such as horizontal and vertical directions, doors and windows, etc. Six routing criteria are introduced, and they involve: (1) the spaces with the preferred semantics; and/or (2) their centrality in the logical network. Each criterion is encoded as the weights to the nodes or edges of the logical network by considering the semantics of spaces. Logical paths are derived by a traditional shortest-path algorithm that minimizes these weights. Depending on the building’s interior configuration, one criterion may result in several logical paths. Therefore, we introduce a priority ordering of criteria to support path selection and decrease the possible number of logical paths. We provide a proof-of-concept implementation for several buildings to demonstrate the usability of such a routing. The main benefit of this routing method is that it does not need geometric information to compute a path. The logical network can be created using verbal descriptions only, and this routing method can be applied to indoor spaces derived from any building subdivision.

scholarly journals TWO NEW PEDESTRIAN NAVIGATION PATH OPTIONS BASED ON SEMI-INDOOR SPACE

2020 ◽  
Vol VI-4/W1-2020 ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
J. Yan ◽  
S. Zlatanova ◽  
A. A. Diakite
Keyword(s):  
Path Selection ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Pedestrian Navigation ◽  
Navigation Path ◽  
Shortest Distance ◽  
Making Choices ◽  
Navigation Experience ◽  
Indoor Spaces

Abstract. Navigation is very critical for our daily life, especially when we have to go through the unfamiliar areas where the spaces are very complex, such as completely bounded (indoor), partially bounded (semi-indoor and/or semi-outdoor), entirely open (outdoor), or combined. Current navigation systems commonly offer the shortest distance/time path, but it is not always appropriate for some situations. For instance, on a rainy day, a path with as many places that are covered by roofs/shelters is more attractive. However, current navigation systems cannot provide such kinds of navigation paths, which can be explained by that they lack information about such roofed/sheltered-covered spaces. This paper proposes two roofed/sheltered navigation path options by employing semi-indoor spaces in the navigation map: (i) the Most-Top-Covered path (MTC-path) and (ii) path to the Nearest sI-space from departure (NSI-path). A path selection strategy is introduced to help pedestrians in making choices between the two new path options and the traditional shortest path. We demonstrate and validate the research with path planning on two navigation cases. The results show the two path options and the path selection strategy bring in new navigation experience for humans.

scholarly journals A Flexible Software/Hardware Adaptive Network for Embedded Distributed Architectures

2021 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 01-15
Author(s):  
Celine Azar
Keyword(s):  
Data Transfer ◽  
Interconnection Network ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Distributed Architectures ◽  
Small Footprint ◽  
Routing Mechanism ◽  
Routing Method ◽  
Scalable Network ◽  
Direct Management ◽  
Near Future

Embedded platforms are projected to integrate hundreds of cores in the near future, and expanding the interconnection network remains a key challenge. We propose SNet, a new Scalable NETwork paradigm that extends the NoCs area to include a software/hardware dynamic routing mechanism. To design routing pathways among communicating processes, it uses a distributed, adaptive, non-supervised routing method based on the ACO algorithm (Ant Colony Optimization). A small footprint hardware unit called DMC speeds up data transfer (Direct Management of Communications). SNet has the benefit of being extremely versatile, allowing for the creation of a broad range of routing topologies to meet the needs of various applications. We provide the DMC module in this work and assess SNet performance by executing a large number of test cases.

scholarly journals Assessment of Discharge and Sediment Flows in a River Through a Combined Hydraulic and Hydrologic Routing Technique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abebe Tadesse Bulti
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Flood Routing ◽  
Recent Approach ◽  
Routing Method ◽  
Routing Techniques ◽  
Routing Methods

Abstract An advancement on flood routing techniques is important for a good perdiction and forecast of the flow discharge in a river basins. Hydraulic and hydrologic routing techniques are widely applied in most simulation models separately. A combined hydrologic and hydraulic routing method is a recent approach that used to improve the modeling effort in hydrological studies. The main drawback of hydrologic routing methods was inaccuracy on downstream areas of the river basin, where the effect of hydraulic structures and the river dynamics processes are dominant. The hydraulic routing approaches are relatively good on a downstream reaches of a river. This research was done on the Awash River basin, at the upstream areas of a Koka dam. A combined hydrologic and hydraulic approach was used to assess the discharge and sediment flow in the river basin. The hydrologic routing method was applied at an upstream part of a river basin through a SWAT model. HEC-RAS model was applied at the middle and downstream areas of the study basin based on hydraulic routing principle. A combined routing method can improve the result from a simulation process and increases an accuracy on a prediction of the peak flow. It can simulate a flow discharges for both short and long-term duration, with good model performance indicators. Besides, sediment modeling was done by comparing a regression model, SWAT model, and combination of HEC-RAS and SWAT model. The result from the sediment modeling indicates that the regression model and combined model show good agreement in predicting the suspended sediment in the river basin. The integrated application of such different type of models can be one of the option for sediment modeling.

scholarly journals Traffic Routing Method for the Internet of Things Based on the Minimum of Collisions Probability

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Koucheryavy ◽  
O.A. Mahmood ◽  
A. Paramonov
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
High Density ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Logical Network ◽  
Traffic Routing ◽  
Routing Method ◽  
Route Choices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The article discusses the analysis of the main approaches to the route choices in the networks of the Internet of Things and suggests a method of choosing routes taking into account the probability of collisions, which allows to create a logical network structure. The proposed method is based on the seeking algorithm of the quickest route on the graph. This method was implemented by means of simulation modeling, with the help of which was estimated the effectiveness for networks with high density of units comparing with the methods, which are based on the evaluation of the length of the route.

Evaluation of the joint effects of DEM resolution and calculation cell size on discharge simulation performance with two routing methods

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Hua Chen ◽  
Chong-Yu Xu ◽  
Haoyuan Zhao ◽  
Lu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Size ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Dem Resolution ◽  
Simulation Performance ◽  
Source To Sink ◽  
Discharge Simulation ◽  
Routing Method ◽  
Routing Methods

<p>Benefit from the easy access to gridded hydrological datasets and global Digital Elevation Model (DEM) datasets, DEM-based routing methods have been widely developed and used. The routing methods can be divided into two categories, i.e., Source-to-Sink and Cell-to-Cell. Limited by the computation capabilities, routing methods are often performed at more coarse resolution of calculation cell rather than the resolution of DEM. Both the DEM resolution and calculation cell-size are factors that affect the discharge simulation performance of routing method. Too little work has been devoted to how these two factors affect routing performance jointly. This study aims to compare the effects of DEM resolution and calculation cell-size on discharge simulation performance with two most popular routing methods, including a Cell-to-Cell routing method, i.e., Liner-reservoir-routing method (LRR) and a Source-to-Sink routing method, i.e., the improved aggregated network-response function routing method (I-NRF). They are compared/evaluated in terms of the changes of simulation performance with calculation cell-size ranging from 5 arc-minutes to 60 arc-minutes and DEM resolutions of 90 m×90 m, 250 m×250 m, 500 m×500 m, 1000 m×1000 m. Besides, two hydrological runoff-generation models and two study basins are used to test the generality of the result. The study finding will help the researchers to choose the appropriate DEM resolution, calculation cell-size and routing method in hydrological simulation.</p>

scholarly journals Advances in IP Micromobility Management Using a Mobility-Aware Routing Protocol

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Michael Georgiades ◽  
Kar Ann Chew ◽  
Rahim Tafazolli
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Mobility Management ◽  
Mobile Ip ◽  
Ip Address ◽  
Delivery Delay ◽  
Mobility Management Protocols ◽  
Cellular Ip ◽  
Routing Method ◽  
End To End ◽  
Routing Methods

Several micromobility schemes have been proposed to augment Mobile IP and provide a faster and smoother handoff than what is achievable by Mobile IP alone, the majority of which can be categorized into either “network prefix-based” or “host-specific forwarding” mobility management protocols, depending on the routing method used. This letter proposes a mobility-aware routing protocol (MARP) which makes use of both of these routing methods using dynamic IP address allocation. Its performance is evaluated and compared against hierarchical Mobile IP (HMIP) and Cellular IP based on handoff performance, end-to-end delivery delay, and scalability. The results demonstrate that MARP is a more robust, flexible, and scalable micromobility protocol, minimizes session disruption, and offers improvements in handoff performance.

scholarly journals A Simplified CityGML-Based 3D Indoor Space Model for Indoor Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 7218
Author(s):  
Qun Sun ◽  
Xiaoguang Zhou ◽  
Dongyang Hou
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Information ◽  
Indoor Navigation ◽  
Geometric Information ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Topological Relationships ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Indoor Spaces

With the continuous development of indoor positioning technology, various indoor applications, such as indoor navigation and emergency rescue, have gradually received widespread attention. Indoor navigation and emergency rescue require access to a variety of indoor space information, such as accurate geometric information, rich semantic information and indoor spatial adjacency information; hence, a suitable 3D indoor model is needed. However, the available models, such as BIM and CityGML, mainly represent geometric and semantic information of indoor spaces, and rarely describe the topological adjacency relationship of interior spaces. To address the requirements of indoor navigation and emergency rescue, a simplified 3D indoor model is proposed in this research. The building components and indoor functional spaces of buildings are described in a simplified way. The geometric and semantic information are described based on CityGML, and the topological relationships of indoor adjacent spaces are represented by CityGML XLinks. While describing the indoor level of detail (LOD) of buildings in detail, the model simplifies building components and indoor spaces, which can preserve the characteristics of indoor spaces to the maximum extent and serve as a basis for indoor applications.

Effective Integration of Reliable Routing Mechanism and Energy Efficient Node Placement Technique for Low Power IoT Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sarwesh ◽  
N. Shekar V. Shet ◽  
K. Chandrasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Relay Nodes ◽  
Node Placement ◽  
Path Computation ◽  
Routing Mechanism ◽  
Placement Technique

Internet of Things (IoT) is the emerging technology that links physical devices (sensor devices) with cyber systems and allows global sharing of information. In IoT applications, devices are operated by battery power and low power radio links, which are constrained by energy. In this paper, node placement technique and routing mechanism are effectively integrated in single network architecture to prolong the lifetime of IoT network. In proposed network architecture, sensor node and relay node are deployed, sensor nodes are responsible for collecting the environmental data and relay nodes are responsible for data aggregation and path computation. In node placement technique, densities of relay nodes are varied based on traffic area, to prevent energy hole problem. In routing technique, energy efficient and reliable path computation is done to reduce number of re transmissions. To adopt IoT scenario, we included IEEE 802.15.4 PHY/MAC radio and IPv6 packet structure in proposed network architecture. Proposed work result shows, proposed architecture prolongs network lifetime.

scholarly journals Analisis dan Perancangan Simulasi Perbandingan Kinerja Jaringan Komputer Menggunakan Metode Protokol Routing Statis, Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) dan Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) (Studi Kasus Tanri Abeng University)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Sahril Amuda ◽  
Muhamad Femy Mulya ◽  
Felix Indra Kurniadi
Keyword(s):  
Network Topology ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Test Scenario ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Packet Tracer ◽  
Bgp Routing ◽  
Routing Method ◽  
Routing Methods ◽  
Static Routing

Network is a communication between two devices to communicate with each other either using wire or wireless media. The LAN network topology used at Tanri Abeng Unversity still uses a static routing topology, where the routing process is still done manually, so that if there is an addition of a new network, it will be difficult to configure the routing table. In this research, a network topology with dynamic routing methods will be built that will help improve network performance at Tanri Abeng University. The purpose of this research is to analyze the comparison of network performance at Tanri Abeng Unversity in sending data packets using static routing protocols, OSPF, and BGP based on the parameters used. In this research also, the ping process was carried out using the cisco packet tracer 100 times with the size of the data packet sent of 32 bytes for each routing method to be compared. Then in this research, the test scenario was carried out eight times on each parameter of throughput, packet loss, delay, and jitter in the hope of determining which routing method is more optimal among static routing, OSPF, and BGP at Tanri Abeng University. The test results show that BGP routing for throughput and packet loss parameters is superior to other routing methods, while OSPF routing for delay and jitter parameters is superior to other routing methods.

scholarly journals Assessment of discharge and sediment flows in a river through a combined hydraulic and hydrologic routing techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abebe Tadesse Bulti
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Flood Routing ◽  
Water Resources Systems ◽  
Awash River Basin ◽  
Routing Method ◽  
Routing Methods

Abstract An advancement of flood routing methods is important for the design and management of the water resources systems. Hydraulic and hydrologic routing approach are widely applied in most simulation models, separately. The combined hydrologic and hydraulic routing method where recent approach to improve the modeling effort in hydrological studies. The main drawback of hydrologic routing methods was inaccuracy on downstream areas of the river basin, where the effect of hydraulic structures and the river dynamics processes are dominant. The hydraulic routing approaches are relatively good on a downstream reaches of a river. This research was done on the Awash River basin at the upstream areas of a Koka dam. A combined hydrologic and hydraulic approach was used to assess the discharge and sediment flow in the river basin. The hydrologic routing method was applied at an upstream part of a river basin through a SWAT model. HEC-RAS model was applied at the middle and downstream areas of the basin based on hydraulic routing principle. The combined routing method can improve the result from the simulation and increases the accuracy in the prediction of the peak flow. It can simulate all the discharges for both short and long-term duration with good model performance indicators. Besides, sediment modeling was done by comparing the regression model, SWAT model, and combination of HEC-RAS and SWAT model. The result from the sediment modeling indicates that the regression model and the combined models show good agreement in predicting the suspended sediment in the Awash River basin.

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