scholarly journals Ratio of Land Consumption Rate to Population Growth Rate—Analysis of Different Formulations Applied to Mainland Portugal

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Nicolau ◽  
João David ◽  
Mário Caetano ◽  
José Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Mapping Technique ◽  
Mainland Portugal ◽  
Land Consumption

This paper presents a methodological approach for the assessment of the indicator 11.3.1: “Ratio of Land Consumption Rate to Population Growth Rate” proposed by the United Nations (UN), discussing the definitions and assumptions that support the indicator quantification, and analysing the results provided by different formulations applied to mainland Portugal, at the municipality level. Due to specific limitations related to the actual formula proposed by the UN (LCRPGR) for the computation of the indicator, an alternative formulation derived from Land Use Efficiency (LUE) was explored. Considering that the land to which the indicator refers may be described by specific classes represented in Land Cover Land Use (LCLU) maps, in the estimation of the land consumption rate we tested two LCLU datasets: Corine Land Cover and COS—the Portuguese LCLU reference map. For the estimation of the population growth rate, prior allocation of inhabitants to the areas where people are most likely to reside was deemed necessary, using a dasymetric mapping technique based on LCLU information. The results obtained for 2007–2011 and 2011–2015 showed, in most municipalities, an increase in the urban area and a decrease in urban population, leading to negative values both in LCRPGR and LUE in most of the territory. Clearly, LUE performed better than LCRPGR in what urban development monitoring and urban area dynamics trends are concerned. Furthermore, LUE was much easier to interpret.

scholarly journals Using Earth Observation for Monitoring SDG 11.3.1-Ratio of Land Consumption Rate to Population Growth Rate in Mainland China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunchen Wang ◽  
Chunlin Huang ◽  
Yaya Feng ◽  
Minyan Zhao ◽  
Juan Gu
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Earth Observation ◽  
Land Consumption

Urban sustainable development has attracted widespread attention worldwide as it is closely linked with human survival. However, the growth of urban areas is frequently disproportionate in relation to population growth in developing countries; this discrepancy cannot be monitored solely using statistics. In this study, we integrated earth observation (EO) and statistical data monitoring the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 11.3.1: “The ratio of land consumption rate to the population growth rate (LCRPGR)”. Using the EO data (including China’s Land-Use/Cover Datasets (CLUDs) and the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program/Operational Linescan System (DMSP/OLS) nighttime light data) and census, we extracted the percentage of built-up area, disaggregated the population using the geographically weighted regression (GWR) model, and depicted the spatial heterogeneity and dynamic tendency of urban expansion and population growth by a 1 km × 1 km grid at city and national levels in mainland China from 1990 to 2010. Then, the built-up area and population density datasets were compared with other products and statistics using the relative error and standard deviation in our research area. Major findings are as follows: (1) more than 95% of cities experienced growth in urban built-up areas, especially in the megacities with populations of 5–10 million; (2) the number of grids with a declined proportion of the population ranged from 47% in 1990–2000 to 54% in 2000–2010; (3) China’s LCRPGR value increased from 1.69 in 1990–2000 to 1.78 in 2000–2010, and the land consumption rate was 1.8 times higher than the population growth rate from 1990 to 2010; and (4) the number of cities experiencing uncoordinated development (i.e., where urban expansion is not synchronized with population growth) increased from 93 (27%) in 1990–2000 to 186 (54%) in 2000–2010. Using EO has the potential for monitoring the official SDGs on large and fine scales; the processes provide an example of the localization of SDG 11.3.1 in China.

scholarly journals Ratio of Land Consumption Rate to the Population Growth Rate- A Case of Metropolitan Gombe

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishiyaku Abdulkadir ◽  
J Sathish Kumar ◽  
Monica Noon
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Impervious Surface ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Land Consumption

United Nations Human Settlements Programme recommended equation and tools for reporting SDG indicator 11.3.1. This indicator aim at one ratio between population growth and land consumption rates in order to promote sustainable urban expansion. Because nowadays urban areas rapidly expand, with increasing rate of surface extent that over sweep the rate at which population grows. Trends.Earth was used for the key Impervious Surface Indices (30m resolution) and informed on urban trend, extent and SDG 11.3.1 of metropolitan Gombe for the periods 2000-2005, 2005-2010, and 2010-2015.The research reveals that SDG 11.3.1 for three periods stand at 0.4194, 0.4292, and 0.3041 respectively. The research also indicate that the population growth rate is greater than the land consumption.

scholarly journals Population Growth–Land Use/Land Cover Transformations–Water Quality Nexus in Upper Ganga River Basin

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anoop Kumar Shukla ◽  
Chandra Shekhar Prasad Ojha ◽  
Ana Mijic ◽  
Wouter Buytaert ◽  
Shray Pathak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Ganga River ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Demographic Changes ◽  
Land Use Land Cover

Abstract. For sustainable development in a river basin it is crucial to understand population growth–Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) transformations–water quality nexus. This study investigates effects of demographic changes and LULC transformations on surface water quality of Upper Ganga River basin. River gets polluted in both rural and urban area. In rural area, pollution is because of agricultural practices mainly fertilizers, whereas in urban area it is mainly because of domestic and industrial wastes. First, population data was analyzed statistically to study demographic changes in the river basin. LULC change detection was done over the period of February/March 2001 to 2012 [Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) data] using remote sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques. Further, water quality parameters viz. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Dissolve Oxygen (DO) %, Flouride (F), Hardness CaCO3, pH, Total Coliform bacteria and Turbidity were studied in basin for pre-monsoon (May), monsoon (July) and Post-monsoon (November) seasons. Non-parametric Mann–Kendall rank test was done on monthly water quality data to study existing trends. Further, Overall Index of Pollution (OIP) developed specifically for Upper Ganga River basin was used for spatio-temporal water quality assessment. From the results, it was observed that population has increased in the river basin. Therefore, significant and characteristic LULC changes are observed in the study area. Water quality degradation has occurred in the river basin consequently the health status of the rivers have also changed from range of acceptable to slightly polluted in urban areas.

scholarly journals Mapping the Impact of Land Use and Land Cover Change on Urban Land and Vegetation in Osun State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-330
Author(s):  
O. E. Abiodun ◽  
D. J. Akinola
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Farming Communities ◽  
Land Consumption ◽  
The Impact

Urban expansion along with other changes in land use and land cover is a global phenomenon and most parts of Western Nigeria have experienced tremendous changes in recent past. Osun state, located in Western Nigeria, was originally made up of mostly traditional farming communities. These communities have witnessed rapid urbanisation in the last few decades and most of the communities previously known to be farming communities have transformed to modern well-known cities. This project examines the use of Remote Sensing in mapping of Land Use Land Cover in Osun state over a period of 30 years (1986 to 2016) using Landsat (MSS, TM, and ETM+) images. The aim of this study is to produce a land use/land cover map of Osun state at three epochs in order to detect the changes that have taken place particularly in the built up and Vegetation areas. Landsat Images of Osun state in 1986, 2006 and 2016 were processed into five land use classes namely: Water body, Vegetation, Wetland, Built-up and Bare land. Total area of land use in each class were determined along with percentage change area, Land Consumption Rate and Land Absorption Coefficients. The result of the work shows that built-up area changed from 20.52% in 1986 to 30.71% in 2006 and then 34.45% in 2016. Land Consumption rate was 0.068 in 2016 which is indication of highly compacted living environment. The minimum Land Absorption Coefficient observed was 0.027 in between 2006 and 2016, which indicates that land is acquired for built-up development at very high rate. The resultant effect of these observed changes was a reduction of the vegetation class from 35.82% in 1986 to 31.14% in 2006 and then 23.83% in 2016. The results in this study may influence new land policy that will enhance sustainable use of land in Osun state.

scholarly journals Estimation of Urban Land-Use Efficiency for Sustainable Development by Integrating over 30-Year Landsat Imagery with Population Data: A Case Study of Ha Long, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8848
Author(s):  
Shokhrukh-Mirzo Jalilov ◽  
Yun Chen ◽  
Nguyen Hong Quang ◽  
Minh Nguyen Nguyen ◽  
Ben Leighton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Land Consumption

Humans are moving into urban areas at an accelerated pace. An increasing urban population fuels urban expansion and reduces nearby agricultural lands and natural environments such as forests, swamps, other water-pervious areas. Unsustainable development creates a disproportion between the growth of urban areas and the growth in urban population. The UN SDG indicator 11.3.1 specifically addresses the issue of the measurement of land-use efficiency. While the metric and methodology to estimate the indicator are straightforward, it faces problems of data unavailability and inconsistency. Vietnam has a record of tremendous economic growth that has translated into more urban settlements of size. Consequently, rural population movement into urban areas has led to many urban sustainable planning and development challenges. In the absence of previous work on estimating land-use efficiency in Vietnamese cities, this study makes the first attempt to examine land-use efficiency in Ha Long, one of the country’s fast-growing cities in recent decades. We mapped land use from high-resolution Landsat imagery (30 m) spanning multi-decadal observations from 1986 to 2020. An advanced machine learning approach, the Support Vector Machine algorithm, was applied to estimate the built-up area, which, by integration with census data, is essential for calculating SDG indicator 11.3.1. This study shows that the land-use efficiency metric was positive but small at the beginning of the considered period but increased in 2000–2020. These results suggest that before 2000, the urban land consumption rate in Ha Long was lower than the population growth rate, implying denser urban land use. The situation changed to the opposite when the urban land consumption rate exceeded the population growth rate in the past two decades. The study’s approach is applicable to regional and district levels to provide comparative analyses between cities or parts of a region or districts of the city. These analyses are valuable tools for assessing the impact of local urban and municipal planning policies on urban development.

scholarly journals Clustering or Scattering? The Spatial Distribution of Cropland in a Metropolitan Region, 1960–2010

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Colantoni ◽  
Ilaria Zambon ◽  
Maria Gras ◽  
Enrico Maria Mosconi ◽  
Alessandra Stefanoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Spatial Behavior ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Agricultural Areas

This article presents empirical results of a multivariate analysis run with the aim to identify (apparent and latent) socioeconomic transformations that shape the distribution pattern of cropland in a metropolitan region of southern Europe (Athens, Greece) over a sufficiently long time interval spanning from 1960 to 2010. The study area is representative of monocentric cities expanding in an unregulated fashion and experiencing sequential cycles of economic growth and recession. Percent share of cropland in total municipal area increased moderately over time. A non-linear relationship with the distance from downtown Athens was also observed, indicating that the highest rates of cropland were observed at a distance ranging between 20 and 30 km from the inner city. A multivariate regression was run by decade at each municipality of the study area using 11 predictors with the aim to identify the factors most associated with cropland decline along urban fringes. Distance from downtown Athens, soil and climate quality, population growth rate, and competing land use were the most relevant factors correlated with cropland expansion (or decline) in the study area. Competing land use was particularly important for cropland decline in a first urbanization phase (1960–1980), while population growth rate—and hence an increased human pressure—was positively associated with agricultural areas in a subsequent phase (1990–2010). In these regards, per capita urban land had a non-linear spatial behavior, being correlated negatively with cropland in 1960 and 1970 and positively in 2010, possibly indicating a moderate change from a monocentric model towards a more dispersed metropolitan configuration impacting distribution of agricultural areas. Empirical findings of this study suggest that effective strategies supporting peri-urban agriculture require a comprehensive knowledge of the local socioeconomic context and relevant biophysical conditions—specifically focusing on the dominant soil and climate attributes.

scholarly journals A METHOD TO ESTIMATE THE LAND USE EFFICIENCY IN THE OLD CITY OF BEIJING

2020 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W10 ◽  
pp. 1073-1076
Author(s):  
J. X. Zhang ◽  
G. Y. Cai
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Limited Region ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
In Situ Investigation ◽  
Old City ◽  
Use Efficiency

Abstract. The old city of Beijing represents the brilliant history and attracts people’s attention worldwide. With the rapid development of urbanization in Beijing, the old city is facing the problem that more and more people are working or living in this limited region. How to estimate the land use efficiency in the old city is crucial for the city planners to perform some policy-making decisions. Based on the Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG 11) which is to develop inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable cities and human settlements, in which indicator SDG 11.3.1 is designed to testify the land use efficiency that is defined as a ratio between land consumption rate to population growth rate(PGR).This paper focus on how to evaluate the land use efficiency in the old city where the land is limited to a region while people are in a continuous growing. Based on the extraction of buildings from high resolution images with sub-meter spatial resolution in the area enclosed by the second-ring road which is mainly consists of Dongcheng and Xicheng districts, this study obtained the 3D building information including building height and floor numbers over years from 2005, 2010 to 2015 with the help of visually interpretation, POI information and the in situ investigation. By calculating the ratio of the building density growth rate(BDGR) to the population growth rate, the land use efficiency in the old city was computed for each year. Our results showed that most of the ratios are greater than 1 over year from 2005 to 2010 and less than 1 during periods from 2010 to 2015. Which means that the land use efficiency tend to lower from 2010 to 2015 than from 2005–2010. The reasons caused this phenomenon has been discussed in the discussion part. The results are helpful for local governors or managers to make a better decision in the protection and conservation of the old city, and to keep a sustainable old city.

scholarly journals Quantifying the links between land use and population growth rate in a declining farmland bird

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 868-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Paquet ◽  
Debora Arlt ◽  
Jonas Knape ◽  
Matthew Low ◽  
Pär Forslund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Farmland Bird

scholarly journals Ratio of Land Consumption Rate to Population Growth Rate - A Case of Gombe Metropolis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishiyaku Abdulkadir ◽  
J. Sathish Kumar ◽  
Monica Noon
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Impervious Surface ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Land Consumption ◽  
Economic Developments

Demographic and socio-economic developments couple with other requirements to satisfy human needs result in rapid urban expansion sometimes with increasing rate of surface extent greater than the rate of growth of population, that result in continuous sealing of ground surface thereby affecting ecosystem services. This study applied remote sensing toward achieving the progress of SDGs and stage to determine the ratio of the rate of land consumption to the rate of population growth of Gombe metropolis. QGIS 2.18 was used for the image processing and classification analysis for the key Landsat ETM+ (Enhanced Thematic Mapper), Impervious Surface Indices and population data to inform on the urban trend and LCR/PGR for the periods 2000-2005, 2005-2010, and 2010-2015. The result appears that the LCR/PGR for the periods of study show split trends. During 2000-2005 the result shows that the study area expanded outward with LCR/PGR of 1.2. The result also indicate that during 2005-2010, the study area densified with little expansion with the LCR/PGR of 0.8. The result further reveals that during 2010-2015 the LCR/PGR reached 1.8. Pointing that the study area expanded outward with the rate of ground sealing getting high.

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