scholarly journals Automatic Parametrization of Urban Areas Using ALS Data: The Case Study of Santiago de Compostela

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Soilán ◽  
Belén Riveiro ◽  
Patricia Liñares ◽  
Andrea Pérez-Rivas
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Santiago De Compostela ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
Using Data

Nowadays, gathering accurate and meaningful information about the urban environment with the maximum efficiency in terms of cost and time has become more relevant for city administrations, as this information is essential if the sustainability or the resilience of the urban structure has to be improved. This work presents a methodology for the automatic parametrization and characterization of different urban typologies, for the specific case study of Santiago de Compostela (Spain), using data from Aerial Laser Scanners (ALS). This methodology consists of a number of sequential processes of point cloud data, using exclusively their geometric coordinates. Three of the main elements of the urban structure are assessed in this work: intersections, building blocks, and streets. Different geometric and contextual metrics are automatically extracted for each of the elements, defining the urban typology of the studied area. The accuracy of the measurements is validated against a manual reference, obtaining average errors of less than 3%, proving that the input data is valid for this assessment.

scholarly journals Google Traffic sebagai Masukan Kebijakan Transportasi Perkotaan (Studi Kasus: Kota Bandar Lampung)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-417
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zainal Ibad ◽  
Rahayu Sulistyorini ◽  
Chania Rahmah
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Transportation ◽  
Transportation Policy ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Transportation Policies ◽  
Movement System ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Congestion in urban areas is vulnerable because of the impact of the growth of activities and an increasingly specialized and complex economy. For this reason, it is necessary to formulate a good urban transportation policy to accommodate increased urban transportation needs. Google Traffic is a feature found on Google Maps to see the level of congestion in an area. Google Traffic can detect an area with red, yellow or green indications through the principle of Real Time Data using data from the Global Positioning System (GPS). This study wanted to see how the use of the Google Traffic Feature as input to urban transportation policies by looking at existing urban transportation policies, analyzing the movement system model on Google Traffic, and analyzing the development of Google Traffic model policies, which would be useful for the development of Urban Transportation Policies, especially Bandar Lampung City as a case study.

Topological Characterization of an Evolving Product Structure Network: A Case Study of Generational Smartphone Products

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kijung Park ◽  
Gül E. Okudan Kremer
Keyword(s):  
Network Science ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Product Structure ◽  
Topological Characterization ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Product Evolution ◽  
Free Network ◽  
Universal Properties

Products evolve over time to satisfy new customer needs, technologies, and markets. The evolution process of products necessarily involves changes in a product structure that might be characterized by inherent evolving properties. Although product evolution has been discussed from various perspectives, the underlying properties of an evolving product structure have not been sufficiently explored from an analytical view. Various empirical and theoretical studies in network science show that real networks representing different types of complex systems are not randomly structured but are characterized by certain properties regardless of their origins. Focusing on the topological universality of real networks, this study aims to reveal the inherent evolving properties of a product structure based on a network science approach through a case study of generational smartphone models. First, the product structure of each generational product is represented as a product structure network. Then, topological characteristics and patterns in each network are analyzed by network measures and motifs. The results show that the product structure networks may follow the universal properties observed in other real networks; the product structure grows as a scale-free network with common building blocks. The findings from this study suggest that the identified properties can be used as a basis to understand and formulate product evolution to obtain design benefits from topological robustness and modularity.

scholarly journals The dynamics of population distributions in cities based on daily mobile phone operations: A case study of some Moravian cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
Gabriel Kopáčik ◽  
Antonín Vaishar ◽  
Eva Šimara
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Population Distributions ◽  
Dynamics Of Population ◽  
The City ◽  
Permanent Residents

Abstract Analyses of the changes in the presence of persons in different central and residential parts of urban areas are subject to evaluation in this paper. Case studies of the cities of Brno, Ostrava and Zlín during the day and night are highlighted. Data from a provider of mobile phone services were used for the analyses. It appears that the data can be important for the comparison of different urban structures. The results demonstrate that the organisation of urban structure affects the number of visitors and thus the area attractiveness. It was confirmed that the number of mobile phone users in the city cores is higher than the number of permanent residents. The greatest differences between the day and night in the city cores were found in Brno, a concentric city with the most important central functions among the cities studied. Differences between the day and night in residential areas were not as large as expected. City neighbourhoods in Brno showed some specific rhythmicity.

scholarly journals Modelling floods in urban areas and representation of buildings with a method based on adjusted conveyance and storage characteristics

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1150-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Vojinovic ◽  
Solomon Seyoum ◽  
Mwanaisha H. Salum ◽  
Roland K. Price ◽  
Ahmad K. Fikri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Coarse Resolution ◽  
Resolution Model ◽  
Inertia Model ◽  
Depth Relationship

The present paper reviews several approaches that can be used in capturing urban features in coarse resolution two-dimensional (2D) models and it demonstrates the effectiveness of a new approach against the straightforward 2D modelling approach on a hypothetical and a real-life case study work. The case study work addresses the use of coarse grid resolutions in 2D non-inertia models. The 2D non-inertia model used solves continuity and momentum equations over the cells of the coarse model while taking the minimum elevation as a surface level. The volume stored in every cell is calculated as a volume-depth relationship. In order to replicate restriction in conveyances in x–y directions of fine resolution models due to building blocks, the friction values of the coarse-resolution model are adjusted to match the results of the high-resolution model. The work presented in this paper shows the possibility of applying a 2D non-inertia model more effectively in urban flood modelling applications whilst still making use of the high resolution of topographic data that can nowadays be easily acquired.

scholarly journals Assessing Anthropogenic Dynamics in Megacities from the Characterization of Land Use/Land Cover Changes: The Bogotá Study Case

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3884
Author(s):  
Claudia P. Romero ◽  
Alicia García-Arias ◽  
Celine Dondeynaz ◽  
Félix Francés
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Study Case ◽  
The City

Usually, megacities expand without proper planning in a context of demographic growth and are increasingly dependent on the natural resources related to the occupied area. This is a major challenge for the sustainable management of these territories, justifying the need for a better knowledge of land use/land cover (LULC) distribution and characteristics to observe spatial anthropogenic dynamics. In this study, the Bogotá river basin and the Bogotá megacity were analyzed as a case study. The main objective of this work was to analyze the historical LULC dynamics from 1985 to 2014. Reliable forecasting scenarios were developed using the Land Change Modeler to support sustainable management and planning. Results show an expansion of the Bogotá megacity toward the Northeast and an increase of urban areas within the basin. These changes implied a loss of 58% of forest surface, a strategic ecosystem, from 1985 to 2014. This dynamic is expected to continue, with a 50% increase of urban areas between 2012 to 2050, thus the megacity and neighbor cities potentially become an “urban continuum”. A replacement of crop and pasture lands near the city is expected, even though Bogotá lands are among the best agricultural lands in the Andean region of Colombia.

Geometric and kinematic characterization of landslides affecting urban areas: the Lungro case study (Calabria, Southern Italy)

Landslides ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Gullà ◽  
Dario Peduto ◽  
Luigi Borrelli ◽  
Loredana Antronico ◽  
Gianfranco Fornaro
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Southern Italy

scholarly journals Identification of stable areas in unreferenced laser scans for automated geomorphometric monitoring

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Wujanz ◽  
Michael Avian ◽  
Daniel Krueger ◽  
Frank Neitzel
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Iterative Closest Point Algorithm ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Current research questions in the field of geomorphology focus on the impact of climate change on several processes subsequently causing natural hazards. Geodetic deformation measurements are a suitable tool to document such geomorphic mechanisms, e.g. by capturing a region of interest with terrestrial laser scanners which results in a so-called 3-D point cloud. The main problem in deformation monitoring is the transformation of 3-D point clouds captured at different points in time (epochs) into a stable reference coordinate system. In this contribution, a surface-based registration methodology is applied, termed the iterative closest proximity algorithm (ICProx), that solely uses point cloud data as input, similar to the iterative closest point algorithm (ICP). The aim of this study is to automatically classify deformations that occurred at a rock glacier and an ice glacier, as well as in a rockfall area. For every case study, two epochs were processed, while the datasets notably differ in terms of geometric characteristics, distribution and magnitude of deformation. In summary, the ICProx algorithm's classification accuracy is 70 % on average in comparison to reference data.

scholarly journals Design Procedure Based on Maximum Efficiency for Wireless Power Transfer Battery Chargers with Lightweight Vehicle Assembly

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Mattia Simonazzi ◽  
Alessandro Campanini ◽  
Leonardo Sandrolini ◽  
Claudio Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Design Procedure ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Coupling Coefficients ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Design Procedures ◽  
Battery Chargers ◽  
Link Efficiency ◽  
Analytical Formulas

This paper analyzes two different design procedures for a series-parallel compensated WPT battery charger, based on different definitions of the operating resonant frequency in the condition of maximum link efficiency. The behaviour of the voltage gain magnitude and the input impedance angle of the resulting WPT links is studied for different loads and coupling coefficients. The design algorithms are supported by analytical formulas derived from an exact circuit analysis of the WPT link, avoiding approximations as far as possible. To support the theoretical approach a case study is proposed, in which both design procedures are implemented considering specifications in line with the actual automotive standards. To conclude, a characterization of the efficiency in both cases is derived.

Urban Geo-Wiki

2013 ◽  
pp. 119-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda See ◽  
Steffen Fritz ◽  
Christoph Perger ◽  
Marijn Van der Velde ◽  
Franziska Albrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Hazard Management ◽  
Urban Models ◽  
Urban Extent ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Land Cover Maps

Crowdsourcing is one mechanism for undertaking e-participation. This chapter considers the broader issues of crowdsourcing in the context of citizen participation and governance, illustrated with a case study in which citizens are used to validate global maps of urban extent. Urban extent is an important source of information for a range of applications related to urban planning and governance such as hazard management, food security, health and climate change. Although different products are available that map urban areas or human settlements at a global scale, they disagree in terms of both total urban extent and the spatial distribution of urban areas. Samples of the urban extent from three major cities (London, Beijing and São Paulo), in areas where three recent global land cover maps disagree, are validated using data from a crowdsourcing campaign undertaken with the Geo-Wiki crowdsourcing tool. The results show that crowdsourcing has the potential to contribute to the validation of existing products of urban extent and could help users of these products to determine which map to use in a given location. More accurate information on urban extent will lead to better urban models and improved decision making, which will ultimately affect the future of a growing urban population. However, issues of sustainability, crowd retention and data quality remain challenging areas that require further research in the field of crowdsourcing.

scholarly journals GPR and ERT Investigations in Urban Areas: the Case-Study of Matera (Southern Italy)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Bellanova ◽  
Giuseppe Calamita ◽  
Ilaria Catapano ◽  
Alessandro Ciucci ◽  
Carmela Cornacchia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Buried Objects ◽  
Surface Survey ◽  
Critical Zones ◽  
Ground Penetrating

This paper deals with a geophysical survey carried out in some critical urban areas of the historical city of Matera (Southern Italy). Matera has a very complex shallower stratigraphy characterized by both anthropic and natural “targets” and is affected by geological instability. Therefore, Matera represents an ideal and very challenging outdoor laboratory for testing novel approaches for near-surface explorations in urban areas. Here, we present the results of a near-surface survey carried out by jointly applying Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) methods. The survey was implemented in three different critical zones within the urban area of Matera (Piazza Duomo, Piazza San Giovanni, Villa dell’Unità d’Italia). These test sites are of great interest for archaeological and architectonical studies and are affected by ground instability phenomena due to the presence of voids, cavities and other anthropic structures. The effectiveness of the survey was enhanced by the exploitation of advanced 3D tomographic approaches, which allowed to achieve 3D representation of the investigated underground and obtain information in terms of both the location and the geometry of buried objects and structures and the characterization of shallow geological layers. The results of the surveys are now under study (or have attracted the interest) of the Municipality in order to support smart cities programs and activities for a better management of the underground space.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document