scholarly journals Accessibility Assessment of Buildings Based on Multi-Source Spatial Data: Taking Wuhan as a Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 701
Author(s):  
Xue Yang ◽  
Yanjia Cao ◽  
Anqi Wu ◽  
Mingqiang Guo ◽  
Zhen Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Social Service ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Housing Estate ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Central District ◽  
Service Resource

The question of whether each building of housing estate has equal access to nearby social service resources (e.g., public transportation service, catering, entertainment, etc.) is a major concern of citizens. This paper takes Wuhan as a case to explore the equality in social service resource sharing of the housing estate at a microscopic level by analyzing the accessibility of each building under different travel patterns. To estimate the accessibility of each building, we developed a novel model with multi-travel modes and residential suitability evaluation of residents. The specific values of the parameters involved in the proposed model were extracted from the multi-source spatial data such as social media data, census data, point of interest, and road network data. These data were acquired from multiple platforms, e.g., Gaode map, OSM (OpenStreetMap), and GeoQ. We chose three types of districts in the city of Wuhan, including the old central district, new central district, and suburban district. We applied the proposed model to assess the accessibility of communities in these districts. Based on the results, we further analyzed whether and to what extent the distribution of each building in urban communities is equitable for social service resource sharing in China.

A Multi-Period Evacuation Vehicle Routing Problem Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 931-932 ◽  
pp. 578-582
Author(s):  
Sunarin Chanta ◽  
Ornurai Sangsawang
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Routing ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Vehicle Routing Problem ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
High Water ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Routing Problem ◽  
Problem Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Evacuation Routing

In this paper, we proposed an optimization model that addresses the evacuation routing problem for flood disaster when evacuees trying to move from affected areas to safe places using public transportation. A focus is on the situation of evacuating during high water level when special high vehicles are needed. The objective is to minimize the total traveled distance through evacuation periods where a limited number of vehicles is given. We formulated the problem as a mixed integer programming model based on the capacitated vehicle routing problem with multiple evcuation periods where demand changing by the time. The proposed model has been tested on a real-world case study affected by the severe flooding in Thailand, 2011.

Performance measurement and resource sharing among business sub-units in the presence of non-discretionary factors

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Shakouri ◽  
Maziar Salahi
Keyword(s):  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Level ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Decision Making Unit ◽  
Efficiency Estimation ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to apply a new approach for resource sharing and efficiency estimation of subunits in the presence of non-discretionary factors and partial impacts among inputs and outputs in the data envelopment analysis (DEA) framework. Design/methodology/approach First, inspired by the Imanirad et al.’s model (2013), the authors consider that each decision-making unit (DMU) may consist of several subunits, that each of which can be affected by non-discretionary inputs. After that, the Banker and Morey’s model (1996) is used for modeling non-discretionary factors. For measuring performance of several subunits, which can be considered as DMUs, the aggregate efficiency is suggested. At last, the overall efficiency is computed and compared with each other. Findings One of the important features of proposed model is that each output in this model applies discretionary input according to its need; therefore, the result of this study will make it easier for the managers to make better decisions. Also, it indicates that significant predictions of the development of the overall efficiency of DMUs can be based on observing the development level of subunits because of the influence of non-discretionary input. Therefore, the proposed model provides a more reasonable and encompassing measure of performance in participating non-discretionary and discretionary inputs to better efficiency. An application of the proposed model for gaining efficiency of 17 road patrols is provided. Research limitations/implications More non-discretionary and discretionary inputs can be taken into consideration for a better analysis. This study provides us with a framework for performance measures along with useful managerial insights. Focusing upon the right scope of operations may help out the management in improving their overall efficiency and performance. In the recent highway maintenance management systems, the environmental differences exist among patrols and other geotechnical services under the climate diverse. Further, in some cases, there might exist more than one non-discretionary factor that can have different effects on the subunits’ performance. Practical implications The purpose of this paper was to measure the performance of a set of the roadway maintenance crews and to analyze the impact of non-discretionary inputs on the efficiency of the roadway maintenance. The application of the proposed model, on the one hand, showed that each output in this model uses discretionary input according to its requirement, and on the other hand, the result showed that meaningful predictions of the development of the overall efficiency of DMUs can be based on observing the development level of subunits because of the impact of non-discretionary input. Originality/value Providing information on resource sharing by taking into account non-discretionary factors for each subunit can help managers to make better decisions to increase the efficiency.

scholarly journals A NOVEL APPROACH TO OPTIMIZE THE RIDESHARING PROBLEM USING GENETIC ALGORITHM

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W18 ◽  
pp. 875-878
Author(s):  
S. Rangriz ◽  
M. Davoodi ◽  
J. Saberian
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Public Transportation Systems

Abstract. The enormous increase in the number of vehicles in the cities makes plenty of problems including air pollution, noise pollution, and traffic jam. Overcoming these annoying issues needs a significant plan in urban management such as using modern techniques in public transportation systems. Sharing either cars or taxies is one of the most interesting ways that has been used in some countries recently. In this phenomenon, 2 or 3 people use other’s car or taxi. In this article, an innovative approach to share taxies is proposed, and it uses a Genetic Algorithm to determine the placement of travelers in taxies. Therefore, some taxis will be switched off, and this helps to decrease urban traffic jam in cities. The results present that the proposed model turns off 69.8 % of taxies, and also 27.8 % of them carry more than one passenger; hence, this confirms the performance of the proposed model.

scholarly journals Research on Architecture Design of Urban Comprehensive Management Service Platform

2021 ◽  
Vol 236 ◽  
pp. 03023
Author(s):  
Wang Jichuan ◽  
Wang Shengjin
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Management Service ◽  
City Management ◽  
Urban Management ◽  
Active Monitoring ◽  
Information Platform ◽  
Comprehensive Management

Information platform can connect all the urban management links and it is a key tool to improve the efficiency and quality of urban comprehensive management. In recent years, the construction of the urban management information platform has progressed rapidly, but problems such as insufficient resource sharing within the platform, poor information communication between departments, active supervision and monitoring are still outstanding and difficult to adapt to the city. From the perspective of urban comprehensive management needs, it is proposed that the ideal platform should consist of a city management sub-platform responsible for the necessary administrative permits, a city operation sub-platform responsible for information processing, and a city service sub-platform that serves citizens, with comprehensive information and rights. Features such as clear responsibilities, functional linkage, and real-time active monitoring serve the maintenance of urban basic functions and public space management. It is proposed that the guarantee mechanism should be straightened out, the rights and responsibilities between various departments should be clarified, and various resource data should be incorporated on the basis of the spatial data base map to activate and integrate three sub-platforms of urban management, operation and service to support urban management decision-making.

The Electoral Geography of Weimar Germany: Exploratory Spatial Data Analyses (ESDA) of Protestant Support for the Nazi Party

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
John O'Loughlin
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Nazi Party ◽  
Ecological Inference ◽  
Inference Procedure ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Weimar Germany ◽  
Strong Attachment

For more than half a century, social scientists have probed the aggregate correlates of the vote for the Nazi party (NSDAP) in Weimar Germany. Since individual-level data are not available for this time period, aggregate census data for small geographic units have been heavily used to infer the support of the Nazi party by various compositional groups. Many of these studies hint at a complex geographic patterning. Recent developments in geographic methodologies, based on Geographic Information Science (GIS) and spatial statistics, allow a deeper probing of these regional and local contextual elements. In this paper, a suite of geographic methods—global and local measures of spatial autocorrelation, variography, distance-based correlation, directional spatial correlograms, vector mapping, and barrier definition (wombling)—are used in an exploratory spatial data analysis of the NSDAP vote. The support for the NSDAP by Protestant voters (estimated using King's ecological inference procedure) is the key correlate examined. The results from the various methods are consistent in showing a voting surface of great complexity, with many local clusters that differ from the regional trend. The Weimar German electoral map does not show much evidence of a nationalized electorate, but is better characterized as a mosaic of support for “milieu parties,” mixed across class and other social lines, and defined by a strong attachment to local traditions, beliefs, and practices.

scholarly journals Healthcare Operation Improvement Based on Simulation of Cooperative Resource Preservation Nets for None-Consumable Resources

Complexity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soraia Oueida ◽  
Yehia Kotb ◽  
Seifedine Kadry ◽  
Sorin Ionescu
Keyword(s):  
Petri Net ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Emergency Departments ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Complex Dynamic Systems ◽  
Resource Preservation ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Emergency Units ◽  
Major Bottleneck

Healthcare systems are growing very fast, especially emergency departments (EDs) which constitute the major bottleneck of these complex concurrent systems. Emergency departments, where patients arrive without any prior notice, are considered real-time complex dynamic systems. Enhancing these systems requires tailored modeling techniques and a process optimization approach. A new mathematical approach is proposed in order to help multiple emergency units cooperate and share none-consumable resources to achieve the required flow. To achieve the cooperation, the process is modeled by a new subclass of Petri nets. The new Petri net model was proposed in a previous work and is used in this study in order to tackle the problem of modeling and managing these emergency units. The proposed Petri net is named Resource Preservation Net (RPN). Few theorems and lemmas are proposed to support the proposed Petri net model and to prove the correctness of cooperation and resource sharing. In this contribution, a model of cooperative healthcare units is proposed to achieve sound resource sharing and collaboration. The objective function of the proposed model is to improve the key performance indicators: patients length of stay (LoS), resource utilization rates, and patients waiting time. The cooperation among multiple EDs is then proposed through the study of merging two or more units. The cooperative and noncooperative behavior are also studied through theorems of soundness, separability and serializability, and a proof of scalability.

scholarly journals Delimiting tropical mountain ecoregions for conservation

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHILIP J. PLATTS ◽  
NEIL D. BURGESS ◽  
ROY E. GEREAU ◽  
JON C. LOVETT ◽  
ANDREW R. MARSHALL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Mountain Regions ◽  
Landform Classification ◽  
Tropical Mountain ◽  
Eastern Arc ◽  
Straightforward Solution ◽  
New Research

SUMMARYEcological regions aggregate habitats with similar biophysical characteristics within well-defined boundaries, providing spatially consistent platforms for monitoring, managing and forecasting the health of interrelated ecosystems. A major obstacle to the implementation of this approach is imprecise and inconsistent boundary placement. For globally important mountain regions such as the Eastern Arc (Tanzania and Kenya), where qualitative definitions of biophysical affinity are well established, rule-based methods for landform classification provide a straightforward solution to ambiguities in region extent. The method presented in this paper encompasses the majority of both contemporary and estimated preclearance forest cover within strict topographical limits. Many of the species here tentatively considered ‘near-endemic’ could be reclassified as strictly endemic according to the derived boundaries. LandScan and census data show population density inside the ecoregion to be higher than in rural lowlands, and lowland settlement to be most probable within 30 km. This definition should help to align landscape scale conservation strategies in the Eastern Arc and promote new research in areas of predicted, but as yet undocumented, biological importance. Similar methods could work well in other regions where mountain extent is poorly resolved. Spatial data accompany the online version of this article.

Method of Network Manufacturing Alliance Building Based on Service Resources Matching

2010 ◽  
Vol 455 ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Yong Liu ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Shu Juan Li
Keyword(s):  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Service Resource ◽  
Manufacturing Resource ◽  
Similarity Measuring ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Effective Network ◽  
Matching Strategy ◽  
Alliance Building ◽  
Resource Description

Establishing effective network manufacturing alliance is the top priority of carrying out network manufacturing. Under circumstance of realizing resource sharing in network manufacturing, a method of network manufacturing alliance establishing based on service resource matching is put forward. Based on model of resource description framework, manufacturing service resource description model and matching strategy are established. According to describing feature of resource properties, matching of manufacturing resource and service resource is further transferred into corresponding qualitative and quantitative matching, similarity measuring methods of qualitative and quantitative properties in the matching process are presented respectively so as to accurately evaluate matching degree between manufacturing resource and service request. Availability of the model and its matching algorithm is verified by means of practical instances.

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