scholarly journals GIS Models for Vulnerability of Coastal Erosion Assessment in a Tropical Protected Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 598
Author(s):  
Luís Russo Vieira ◽  
José Guilherme Vieira ◽  
Isabel Marques da Silva ◽  
Edison Barbieri ◽  
Fernando Morgado
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Estuarine System ◽  
Very High

Coastal erosion is considered a major worldwide challenge. The vulnerability assessment of coastal areas, in relation to climate change, is a key topic of worldwide increasing interest. The integration of methodologies supported by Remote Sensing, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and in situ monitoring has allowed a viable identification of vulnerable areas to erosion. In the present study, a model was proposed to the assessment of the estuarine system of Cananéia-Iguape (Brazil), by applying the evaluation and prediction of vulnerability models for the conservation and preservation of mangroves. Approximately 1221 Km2 were classified, with 16% of the total presenting high and very high vulnerability to erosion. Other relevant aspects, were the identification and georeferencing sites that showed strong evidence of erosion and, thus, having a huge influence on the final vulnerability scores. The obtained results led to the development of a multidisciplinary approach through the application of a prediction and description model that resulted from the adaptation of the study system from a set of implemented models for coastal regions, in order to contribute to the erosion vulnerability assessment in the mangroves ecosystems (and associated localities, municipalities and communities).

scholarly journals Analogue aerial-photopraphs external orientation reconstruction based on geoportal data

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Piotr Dzieszko
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Source Data ◽  
Effective Choice ◽  
Field Works ◽  
Very High

Analogue aerial-photopraphs external orientation reconstruction based on geoportal data For acquisition of source data for geoinformation analyses is necessary to do some field works. This way of data acquisition is time-consuming. In this case, photogrammetric and remote sensed methods can be more effective choice. Especially orthophotomap extracting is more effective process in creation of geodata. It is good foundation for further analysis and nice extension of existing geographical information systems. Despite fast growth of photogrammetry there are plenty of analogue, archival airphotos which can be used for geoinformation analysis. They are quiet up to date and scanned in very high resolution which means they can be used for really reliable analysis. The problem is very important because many of analogue, archival air photos do not contain photogrammetric warp. The aim of this paper is expression of applicability of geoportal webpage, which is part of INSPIRE directive, that can be used for external orientation reconstruction when there is no other georeference data.

scholarly journals GEOSTATISTICAL SEISMIC ANALYSIS AND HAZARD ASSESSMENT; UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W4 ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Al-Dogom ◽  
K. Schuckma ◽  
R. Al-Ruzouq
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Arabian Plate ◽  
Spatial Pattern Analysis ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Very High

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Assessing and analyzing the spatial distribution of earthquake events aids in identifying the presence of clustering and reveals hot and cold spots across the study area. Combining the spatial analysis of earthquake events with other geographical and geophysical parameters leads to more understanding of the vulnerability of critical infrastructure and the demographics of the affected population. This study will use Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to examine the spatiotemporal occurrence of earthquake events throughout the Arabian plate and their effect on the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Spatial pattern analysis techniques, including Moran I and Getis–Ord Gi*, were applied to 115 years of earthquakes (1900&amp;ndash;2015) that have occurred throughout the Arabian plate. The directional distribution (standard deviational ellipse) of earthquake magnitudes was analyzed to determine the spatial characteristics and the directional tendency of the earthquakes throughout the Arabian plate. Afterword, geophysical parameters of UAE, specifically Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), fault line distance, slope, soil type, and geology were ranked, weighted based on its contribution and combined using an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to identify and locate seismic hazard zones. The resulted Seismic Hazard Zonation Map (SHZM) was classified to five hazard zones ranging from very high to very low. It has been found that Fujairah city sited in the “very High” zone, Sharjah and Dubai cities located from “High” to moderate zones while Abu Dhabi city stands relatively far from seismic hot spots and major faults and placed in the low seismic hazard zone. The results of this study could help improve urban planning and emergency mitigation strategies in UAE.</p>

scholarly journals Trace Metal Levels in Muscles and Exoskeleton of Pink Shrimp (Penaeus brasiliensis and paulensis) from a Subtropical Coastal Region, Laguna Estuarine System, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Cíntia Souza da Silva ◽  
Jair Juarez João ◽  
Marcos Henrique Luciano Silveira ◽  
Paulo Cesar de Jesus
Keyword(s):  
Bioconcentration Factor ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Estuarine System ◽  
Pink Shrimp ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
Brazilian Legislation ◽  
Metal Levels

Contamination by heavy metals produced by either anthropogenic or natural activities represents a threat to man and marine life. The present paper aimed to carry out in situ monitoring of trace metals using shrimp species from an estuarine area as a bioindicator of environmental contamination. The shrimps were captured by fyke net during the rainy and dry periods, and the metal concentrations in the muscles and exoskeletons were determined. The results showed that the metal concentrations decrease in the following order Fe> Zn> Cu> Mn> Cr> As> Pb> Cd for both samples groups, muscles and exoskeletons, being the muscles presented lower concentrations. Metal concentrations were within the permissible limits allowed by the Brazilian legislation, except for Pb. Bioconcentration factor was below 1 for most of the metals, what it means that metals are not accumulating in the shrimp body.

scholarly journals Mapping malaria risk using environmental and anthropic variables

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Edilberto Rincón-Romero ◽  
Julián Esteban Londoño
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Malaria Risk ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Distributed Modeling ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Mapping Techniques ◽  
Climatic Information ◽  
Very High

Despite much research in the identification of areas with malaria, it is urgent to further investigate mapping techniques to achieve better approaches in strategies to prevent, mitigate, and eradicate the mosquito and the illness eventually. By using spatial distributed modeling techniques with Geographical Information Systems (GIS), the study proposes methodology to map malaria risk zoning for the municipality of Buenaventura in Colombia. The model proposed by Craig et al.¹ using climatic information was adapted to the conditions of the study area regarding scale and spatial resolution. Geomorphologic and anthropic variables were added to improve spatial allocation of areas with higher risk of contracting the illness, refining zoning. Then, they were contrasted with the locations reported by health entities², taking into account spatial distribution. The comparison of results shows a decrease in the area obtained initially using the Craig et al. model¹ (1999), from 5,422.4 km² (89.1% of the municipality's territory) to 624.3km² (approximately 10% of the municipality's area), yielding a total reduction of 78.8% when environmental and anthropic variables were included in the model. Data show that of the 9,863 cases reported during 2001 to 2005 for 20 selected towns as basis for the amount of surveyed malaria cases², 1,132 were located in the very high-risk areas, 7,662 were in the areas of moderate risk, and 1,066 cases in low-risk areas, showing that 89% of the cases reported fell into the areas with higher risk for malaria.

scholarly journals Coastal Vulnerability of the West Coast of Aceh Besar: A Coastal Morphology Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 815
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irham ◽  
Ichsan Rusydi ◽  
Haekal A. Haridhi ◽  
Ichsan Setiawan ◽  
Yopi Ilhamsyah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Coastal Vulnerability ◽  
The West ◽  
Coastal Morphology ◽  
Very High

The purpose of this study was to determine how vulnerable the west coast of Aceh Besar, Aceh province, Indonesia, is in terms of its coastal morphology. This research was conducted from August to December 2020 and data processing was carried out at the Geographical Information Systems Laboratory, Faculty of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Syiah Kuala University. The method used was the coastal vulnerability index (CVI) with four geological parameters, namely geomorphological parameters, beach elevation, beach slope and shoreline changes. The results obtained from the CVI method show that 20.60% of the west coast of Aceh Besar, which has a total coastline length of 93.2 km, is in the very high vulnerability category (19.2 km), while 23.18% (21.6 km) is in the high vulnerability category, 8.80% (8.2 km) in the moderate category, 6.44% (6 km) in the low category and 40.99% (38.2 km) in the very low category. Sub-districts classified as having very high vulnerability are Peukanbada (7.94%), Leupung (6.22%), Lhoong (4.94%), and Lhoknga (1.50%). The geomorphology of areas that have very high vulnerability is generally in the form of sandy beaches with a very gentle slope, while, geomorphologically, areas that have very low vulnerability have a high elevation and cliff beaches.

scholarly journals Design of Protected Area by Tracking and Excluding the Effects of Climate and Landscape Change: A Case Study Using Neurergus derjugini

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5645
Author(s):  
Somaye Vaissi
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Species Distribution Modelling ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Distribution Modelling ◽  
Stream Density ◽  
Hierarchy Process

This study aimed to use the applications of Ensemble Species Distribution Modelling (eSDM), Geographical Information Systems (GISs), and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) for the design of a protected area (PA) for the critically endangered yellow-spotted mountain newt, Neurergus derjugini, by tracking and excluding the effects of climate and landscape changes in western Iran and northeastern Iraq. Potential recent and future distributions (2050 and 2070) were reconstructed by eSDM using eight algorithms with MRI-CGCM3 and CCSM4 models. The GIS-based MCDA siting procedure was followed inside habitats with high eSDM suitability by eliminating the main roads, cities, high village density, dams, poor vegetation, low stream density, agricultural lands and high ridge density. Then, within the remaining relevant areas, 10 polygons were created as “nominations” for PAs (NPAs). Finally, for 10 different NPAs, the suitability score was ranked based on ratings and weights (analytical hierarchy process) of the number of newt localities, NPA connectivity, NPA shape, NPA habitat suitability in 2070, NPA size, genetic diversity, village density and distance to nearest PAs, cities, and main roads. This research could serve as a modern realistic approach for environmental management to plan conservation areas using a cost-effective and affordable technique.

scholarly journals Mapping malaria risk using geographic information systems and remote sensing: The case of Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amare Sewnet Minale ◽  
Kalkidan Alemu
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Malaria Risk ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
Risk Map ◽  
Very High

The main objective of this study was to develop a malaria risk map for Bahir Dar City, Amhara, which is situated south of Lake Tana on the Ethiopian plateau. Rainfall, temperature, altitude, slope and land use/land cover (LULC), as well as proximity measures to lake, river and health facilities, were investigated using remote sensing and geographical information systems. The LULC variable was derived from a 2012 SPOT satellite image by supervised classification, while 30-m spatial resolution measurements of altitude and slope came from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission. Metrological data were collected from the National Meteorological Agency, Bahir Dar branch. These separate datasets, represented as layers in the computer, were combined using weighted, multi-criteria evaluations. The outcome shows that rainfall, temperature, slope, elevation, distance from the lake and distance from the river influenced the malaria hazard the study area by 35%, 15%, 10%, 7%, 5% and 3%, respectively, resulting in a map showing five areas with different levels of malaria hazard: very high (11.2%); high (14.5%); moderate (63.3%); low (6%); and none (5%). The malaria risk map, based on this hazard map plus additional information on proximity to health facilities and current LULC conditions, shows that Bahir Dar City has areas with very high (15%); high (65%); moderate (8%); and low (5%) levels of malaria risk, with only 2% of the land completely riskfree. Such risk maps are essential for planning, implementing, monitoring and evaluating disease control as well as for contemplating prevention and elimination of epidemiological hazards from endemic areas.

Assessment of land-use change in coastal areas through geographical information systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Lango-Reynoso ◽  
Karla Teresa González-Figueroa ◽  
Fabiola Lango-Reynoso ◽  
María del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez ◽  
Jesús Montoya-Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Computer Based

Objective: This article describes and analyzes the main concepts of coastal ecosystems, these as a result of research concerning land-use change assessments in coastal areas. Design/Methodology/Approach: Scientific articles were searched using keywords in English and Spanish. Articles regarding land-use change assessment in coastal areas were selected, discarding those that although being on coastal zones and geographic and soil identification did not use Geographic Information System (GIS). Results: A GIS is a computer-based tool for evaluating the land-use change in coastal areas by quantifying variations. It is analyzed through GIS and its contributions; highlighting its importance and constant monitoring. Limitations of the study/Implications: This research analyzes national and international scientific information, published from 2007 to 2019, regarding the land-use change in coastal areas quantified with the digital GIS tool. Findings/Conclusions: GIS are useful tools in the identification and quantitative evaluation of changes in land-use in coastal ecosystems; which require constant evaluation due to their high dynamism.

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