scholarly journals GIS-Based Spatial and Multi-Criteria Assessment of Riverine Flood Potential: A Case Study of the Nitra River Basin, Slovakia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 578
Author(s):  
Matej Vojtek ◽  
Jana Vojteková ◽  
Quoc Bao Pham
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Parameter Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Analytical Hierarchical Process ◽  
Conditioning Factors ◽  
Multi Criteria Evaluation ◽  
Very High ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
The Eu

The aim of this study was to identify the areas with different levels of riverine flood potential (RFP) in the Nitra river basin, Slovakia, using multi-criteria evaluation (MCE)-analytical hierarchical process (AHP), geographic information systems (GIS), and seven flood conditioning factors. The RFP in the Nitra river basin had not yet been assessed through MCE-AHP. Therefore, the methodology used can be useful, especially in terms of the preliminary flood risk assessment required by the EU Floods Directive. The results showed that classification techniques of natural breaks (Jenks), equal interval, quantile, and geometric interval classified 32.03%, 29.90%, 41.84%, and 53.52% of the basin, respectively, into high and very high RFP while 87.38%, 87.38%, 96.21%, and 98.73% of flood validation events, respectively, corresponded to high and very high RFP. A single-parameter sensitivity analysis of factor weights was performed in order to derive the effective weights, which were used to calculate the revised riverine flood potential (RRFP). In general, the differences between the RFP and RRFP can be interpreted as an underestimation of the share of high and very high RFP as well as the share of flood events in these classes within the RFP assessment. Therefore, the RRFP is recommended for the assessment of riverine flood potential in the Nitra river basin.

scholarly journals Rainfall and runoff regime trends in mountain catchments (Case study area: the upper Hron River basin, Slovakia)

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Blahušiaková ◽  
Milada Matoušková
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Mann Kendall Test ◽  
Runoff Regime ◽  
Simple Mass ◽  
Hydroclimatic Variables

Abstract This paper presents an analysis of trends and causes of changes of selected hydroclimatic variables influencing the runoff regime in the upper Hron River basin (Slovakia). Different methods for identifying trends in data series are evaluated and include: simple mass curve analysis, linear regression, frequency analysis of flood events, use of the Indicators of Hydrological Alteration software, and the Mann-Kendall test. Analyses are performed for data from two periods (1931-2010 and 1961-2010). The changes in runoff are significant, especially in terms of lower QMax and 75 percentile values. This fact is also confirmed by the lower frequency and extremity of flood events. The 1980s are considered a turning point in the development of all hydroclimatic variables. The Mann-Kendall test shows a significant decrease in runoff in the winter period. The main causes of runoff decline are: the considerable increase in air temperature, the decrease in snow cover depth and changes in seasonal distribution of precipitation amounts.

scholarly journals SINKHOLE SUSCEPTIBILITY HAZARD ZONES USING GIS AND ANALYTICAL HIERARCHICAL PROCESS (AHP): A CASE STUDY OF KUALA LUMPUR AND AMPANG JAYA

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W5 ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. H. M. Rosdi ◽  
A. N. Othman ◽  
M. A. M. Zubir ◽  
Z. A. Latif ◽  
Z. M. Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Analytical Hierarchical Process ◽  
Pairwise Comparison Matrix ◽  
High Hazard ◽  
Very High ◽  
Sinkhole Hazard

Sinkhole is not classified as new phenomenon in this country, especially surround Klang Valley. Since 1968, the increasing numbers of sinkhole incident have been reported in Kuala Lumpur and the vicinity areas. As the results, it poses a serious threat for human lives, assets and structure especially in the capital city of Malaysia. Therefore, a Sinkhole Hazard Model (SHM) was generated with integration of GIS framework by applying Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) technique in order to produced sinkhole susceptibility hazard map for the particular area. Five consecutive parameters for main criteria each categorized by five sub classes were selected for this research which is Lithology (LT), Groundwater Level Decline (WLD), Soil Type (ST), Land Use (LU) and Proximity to Groundwater Wells (PG). A set of relative weights were assigned to each inducing factor and computed through pairwise comparison matrix derived from expert judgment. Lithology and Groundwater Level Decline has been identified gives the highest impact to the sinkhole development. A sinkhole susceptibility hazard zones was classified into five prone areas namely very low, low, moderate, high and very high hazard. The results obtained were validated with thirty three (33) previous sinkhole inventory data. This evaluation shows that the model indicates 64 % and 21 % of the sinkhole events fall within high and very high hazard zones respectively. Based on this outcome, it clearly represents that AHP approach is useful to predict natural disaster such as sinkhole hazard.

scholarly journals Multi-criteria Evaluation of Railway Transport Using Evaluation Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-99
Author(s):  
Štefan Čarný ◽  
Adrián Šperka ◽  
Vladislav Zitrický
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Business Partner ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Market Position ◽  
Multi Criteria Evaluation ◽  
Dominant Market Position ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe arrival of new customers along the new Iron Silk Road also brings new transport opportunities. The liberalization of railway transport has created many wagons over the railway market throughout the EU, especially in the field of freight transport. Choosing the preferable carrier that can fit the needs of customers is challenging. Each rail freight operator currently shapes its profile by focusing on a specific group of commodities as a matter of priority. By specializing, they gain a dominant market position in their sector that helps them to maintain and expand their clientele. The article aims at bringing a decisive system with clear rules and standards for choosing the right business partner in the freight railway market. The article is designed as a case study that starts with an analysis of four different freight carriers. Other parts of the article are about the evaluation of their ability to meet the needs of a customer.

scholarly journals Prioritization and Evaluation of Land Consolidation Projects—Žitava River Basin in a Slovakian Case

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zlatica Muchová ◽  
František Petrovič
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Land Consolidation ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Ranking System ◽  
Case Study Area ◽  
Multi Criteria Evaluation ◽  
Composite Indices ◽  
Social Environmental

Experience shows that existing selections (particularly in Slovakia) of cadastral areas for land consolidation (LC) projects have been overwhelmingly subjective based on diverse sources of information, particular interests and the degree of LC’s popularity in different regions. Multi-criteria evaluation and clustering may be an adequate, universal and yet an inexpensive solution as a semi-objective approach for selection and evaluation of land consolidation projects. Based on an analysis of parameters and data from 74 cadastral areas in the Žitava River basin in Slovakia, a set of criteria (geometrical, ownership/social, environmental, erosion, and morphology) and weights for them have been identified and combined into composite indices/criteria for designing a ranking system for LC prioritization and evaluation. However, they are universally applicable/adaptable, and are not limited to a particular territory or country. Presented results for finished projects in the case study area also verify that the selection process has been deeply unsatisfactory.

scholarly journals Landslide susceptibility zonation in the Tartagal River basin, Sierras Subandinas, Salta, Argentina

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Claudia Paola Cardozo ◽  
Guillermo Toyos ◽  
Valérie Baumann
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Susceptibility Map ◽  
Stereo Pair ◽  
High Susceptibility ◽  
Conditioning Factors ◽  
Inventory Map ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Very High

On February 2009 intense rainfall triggered landslides in the Tartagal River basin that evolved into a debris flow that caused severe flooding in the town of Tartagal, Salta, Argentina. Based on these events, this paper presents a first attempt to map the landslides susceptibility in the Tartagal River basin. First, we elaborated an inventory map by using a 10 m pixel SPOT image acquired just after the disaster. Second, we evaluated a set of conditioning factors, which included lithology, slope and curvature; we derived the topographical variables from a 12.5 m pixel digital elevation model (DEM) based on a stereo-pair of satellite images ALOS-PRISM. Finally, we used these conditioning factors and the 2009 landslides inventory map as input for a heuristic model to elaborate the susceptibility map. The results indicated that landslides affected an area of 8 km2 and that at least 2.2x106 m3 of material were removed. The susceptibility map identified zones of low, moderate, high and very high susceptibility that occupied 18, 22, 25 and 17 km2, respectively. Accuracy assessment using data covering landslides occurred in 2006 showed that 95% of them fell within the high and very high susceptibility areas. The results presented herein provide vital baseline information for future studies and may contribute for the development of landslide hazard mitigation strategies.

The Global Reach of EU Law

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-63
Author(s):  
Joanne Scott
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Law ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Eu Regulation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Global Reach ◽  
At Home

This chapter explores the mechanisms that enable the EU to extend the global reach of its laws. These include extraterritoriality, territorial extension and the ‘Brussels Effect’. It offers multiple examples of territorial extension operating at different levels and considers the relationship between territorial extension and the Brussels Effect. The second part of the chapter includes a case study on territorial extension in EU environmental law. While it is increasingly accepted that the ‘effects’ doctrine may be invoked to regulate foreign conduct that entails significant effects at home, this chapter considers whether the concept of complicity may help to justify EU regulation that seeks to address environmental problems that are manifested outside the EU.

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