scholarly journals Surveillance of Summer Mortality and Preparedness to Reduce the Health Impact of Heat Waves in Italy

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 2256-2273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Michelozzi ◽  
Francesca K. De’ Donato ◽  
Anna Maria Bargagli ◽  
Daniela D’Ippoliti ◽  
Manuela De Sario ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Waves ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Summer Mortality

scholarly journals Extreme heat in India and anthropogenic climate change

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 365-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geert Jan van Oldenborgh ◽  
Sjoukje Philip ◽  
Sarah Kew ◽  
Michiel van Weele ◽  
Peter Uhe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Decadal Variability ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Heat Index ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Surface Cooling

Abstract. On 19 May 2016 the afternoon temperature reached 51.0 °C in Phalodi in the northwest of India – a new record for the highest observed maximum temperature in India. The previous year, a widely reported very lethal heat wave occurred in the southeast, in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, killing thousands of people. In both cases it was widely assumed that the probability and severity of heat waves in India are increasing due to global warming, as they do in other parts of the world. However, we do not find positive trends in the highest maximum temperature of the year in most of India since the 1970s (except spurious trends due to missing data). Decadal variability cannot explain this, but both increased air pollution with aerosols blocking sunlight and increased irrigation leading to evaporative cooling have counteracted the effect of greenhouse gases up to now. Current climate models do not represent these processes well and hence cannot be used to attribute heat waves in this area. The health effects of heat are often described better by a combination of temperature and humidity, such as a heat index or wet bulb temperature. Due to the increase in humidity from irrigation and higher sea surface temperatures (SSTs), these indices have increased over the last decades even when extreme temperatures have not. The extreme air pollution also exacerbates the health impacts of heat. From these factors it follows that, from a health impact point of view, the severity of heat waves has increased in India. For the next decades we expect the trend due to global warming to continue but the surface cooling effect of aerosols to diminish as air quality controls are implemented. The expansion of irrigation will likely continue, though at a slower pace, mitigating this trend somewhat. Humidity will probably continue to rise. The combination will result in a strong rise in the temperature of heat waves. The high humidity will make health effects worse, whereas decreased air pollution would decrease the impacts.

scholarly journals Heat waves and health impact on human in Baghdad

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-222
Author(s):  
Zahraa Hassan ◽  
Hazima Al-Abassi ◽  
Monim Al-Jiboori
Keyword(s):  
Heat Wave ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Normal Value ◽  
Atmospheric Sciences ◽  
Medical City ◽  
The Mean

This investigation aim to evaluate the effect of heat wave on health of human, so to achieve this 40 blood samples for person exposed to heat wave were drawn most patients were attend to specialists in hospital laboratories (Medical City, Ibn al-Baladi, Sheikh Zayed, Kadhimiya Educational). The patients aged 10–60 years, male (20) and female (20). CBC analyzes was performed. The result of the presents study recorded a highly signifi cant difference in total (mean and percent) as compared with the normal value of the CBC analyze the result for total (mean and percent) for male the factors CRP, ESR, WBC, PCV, PL (15.5, 43, 11.35, 28.5, 215) respectively (100%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%) and the result for total (mean and percent) for female the factors CRP, ESR, WBC, PCV, PL (15, 43.5, 11.35, 31, 220.5) respectively (100%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%). According to the result we can conclude that there was a highly significant deferent in mean value for patient compared with the normal value which is the mean cause of hard attack which lead to death. The study is the fi rst of its kind in the Department of Atmospheric Sciences in Iraq.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Health Impact of Heat Waves using Bio-Climatic impact Assessment System (BioCAS) at Building scale over the Seoul City Area

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 514-524
Author(s):  
Kyu Rang Kim ◽  
Ji-Sun Lee ◽  
Chaeyeon Yi ◽  
Baek-Jo Kim ◽  
Britta Janicke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Climatic Impact ◽  
City Area

The influence of global warming on natural disasters and their public health outcomes

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Diaz, MD, MPH-TM, DrPH
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Heat Stroke ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Climatic Effects ◽  
Cascading Effects

With a documented increase in average global surface temperatures of 0.6ºC since 1975, Earth now appears to be warming due to a variety of climatic effects, most notably the cascading effects of greenhouse gas emissions resulting from human activities. There remains, however, no universal agreement on how rapidly, regionally, or asymmetrically the planet will warm or on the true impact of global warming on natural disasters and public health outcomes. Most reports to date of the public health impact of global warming have been anecdotal and retrospective in design and have focused on the increase in heat-stroke deaths following heat waves and on outbreaks of airborne and arthropod-borne diseases following tropical rains and flooding that resulted from fluctuations in ocean temperatures. The effects of global warming on rainfall and drought, tropical cyclone and tsunami activity, and tectonic and volcanic activity will have far-reaching public health effects not only on environmentally associated disease outbreaks but also on global food supplies and population movements. As a result of these and other recognized associations between climate change and public health consequences, many of which have been confounded by deficiencies in public health infrastructure and scientific debates over whether climate changes are spawned by atmospheric cycles or anthropogenic influences, the active responses to progressive climate change must include combinations of economic, environmental, legal, regulatory, and, most importantly, public health measures.

Health Impact of Heat Waves in Urban Heat Islands: How to Estimate the Exposure of the Population?

Epidemiology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. S22
Author(s):  
Karine Laaidi ◽  
Abdelkrim Zeghnoun ◽  
Bénédicte Dousset ◽  
Philippe Bretin ◽  
Stéphanie Vandentorren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Waves ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Urban Heat

Health Impact Assessments A Tool for Designing Climate Change Resilience Into Green Building and Planning Projects

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adele Houghton
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Community Planning ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Voluntary Programs ◽  
Health Impact Assessments ◽  
The U.S

Historical records have documented considerable changes to the global climate, with significant health, economic, and environmental consequences. Climate projections predict more intense hurricanes; increased sea level rise; and more frequent and more intense natural disasters such as heat waves, heavy rainfall, and drought in the future (1; 2). The coast along the Gulf of Mexico is particularly vulnerable to many of these environmental hazards and at particular risk when several strike simultaneously—such as a hurricane disrupting electricity transmission during a heat wave. Due to its significant contribution to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the building sector already plays an important role in climate change mitigation efforts (e.g., reducing emissions). For example, voluntary programs such as the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Rating System (3), the Architecture 2030 Challenge (4), the American College and University Presidents' Climate Commitment (5), and the Clinton Climate Initiative (6) focus almost exclusively on reducing energy consumption and increasing renewable energy generation. Mandatory regulations such as the International Energy Conservation Code (7), the International Green Building Code (8), and CalGreen (9) also emphasize GHG emission reduction targets. This leadership role is necessary. After all, the United States EPA estimates that the building sector accounts for 62.7% of total annual GHG emissions in the U.S., when the construction sector, facility operations, and transportation are factored in. In fact, the construction sector alone is the third largest industrial emitter of GHGs after the oil and gas and chemical industries, contributing 1.7% of total annual emissions (10; 11). As significant as these contributions appear, the built environment's true contribution to climate change is much larger than the GHG emissions attributed to building construction and operations. It is also a major determinant of which populations are vulnerable to climate change-related hazards, such as heat waves and flooding (12; 13). Architecture and land use planning can therefore be used as tools for building community resilience to the climate-related environmental changes underway (13). Climate change regulations and voluntary programs have begun to incorporate requirements targeting the built environment's ability to work in tandem with the natural environment to both reduce greenhouse gas emissions and protect its occupants from the health consequences of a changing climate. For example, 11 states have incorporated climate change adaptation goals into their climate action plans (14). In 2010, the not-for-profit organization ICLEI: Local Governments for Sustainability launched a climate change adaptation program (15) to complement their existing mitigation program, which supports municipalities who have signed the U.S. Conference of Mayors' Climate Protection Agreement (16). New tools have been introduced to measure community vulnerability to the impacts of climate change. One of these tools, Health Impact Assessments (or HIAs), has emerged over the past decade as a powerful methodology to provide evidence-based recommendations to decision makers and community planning officials about the likely health co-benefits and co-harms associated with proposed policies and land use development proposals (17). While HIAs are becoming a more common feature of community planning efforts, this paper introduces them as an approach to designing climate change resilience into specific building projects. HIAs have been used in Europe and other parts of the world for decades to provide a science-based, balanced assessment of the risks and benefits to health associated with a proposed policy or program (18). In the U.S., they have been used over the past decade to evaluate transit-oriented developments, urban infill projects, and California's capand-trade legislation, among other topics (17; 19). To date, HIAs have been used mainly to inform large-scale community planning, land use, industrial, and policy decisions. However, the recommendations generated through the HIA process often bring to light previously unforeseen vulnerabilities, whether due to existing infrastructure, building technology, or socio-economic conditions. Designers can make use of the HIA process and its resulting recommendations to prioritize design/retrofit interventions that will result in the largest co-benefits to building owners, the surrounding community, and the environment. An HIA focused on the health impacts of climate change will likely generate recommendations that could enhance the longevity of a building project's useful life; protect its property value by contributing to the resilience of the surrounding community; and result in design decisions that prioritize strategies that maximize both short-term efficiencies and long-term environmental, economic, and social value.

scholarly journals Emerging Global Health Crisis of our times- Climate change

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Ammar Anwer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
High Price ◽  
Health Crisis

The progress of the human race over the last 200 years is unprecedented in recent history. Rapid industrialization, urbanization, and consumerism have made lives easier for humankind. Still, these changes come at a very high price. We never anticipated that we will have to pay the price in the form of climate change and global warming. Our planet, the earth is getting warmer by 0.85 ?centigrde annually for the last one hundred and seventy years. Hence, glaciers are melting faster than ever, water levels are rising, and cities are sinking, while greenhouse gas emission numbers are at their highest points in human history. Unfortunately we humans are living in anthropogenic epoch and are also speeding up the destruction of the earth’s ecosystem by being the dominant cause of the warming observed since the 20th century. Deforestation coupled with increased greenhouse gas emissions has led to a surge of heat-waves globally. These environmental disasters not only affect the environment, plants, and land but also have a profound direct and indirect impact on the health of people. In-fact the health impact has already debuted in the form of worsening key health indicators. In Pakistan alone, the 2015 heat-wave claimed the lives of twelve hundred people in Sindh province. Due to variable rainfall patterns that affect the availability of fresh water, it also affects food production & delivery and brings on the drought. Quality of air, clean drinking water, and availability of food are the top three indicators most influenced by these disasters. Coupled with these, the more than the frequent occurrence of natural calamities; tsunamis, wildfires, snowstorms, and extremes of temperatures has put an extra financial burden on already, stretched to limits budgets of health.

scholarly journals Excess Risk of Mortality Due to Heatwaves in Dezful city, Southwest of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Aghababaeian ◽  
Abbas Ostadtaghizadeh ◽  
Ali Ardalan ◽  
Ali Asgary ◽  
Mehry Akbary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Waves ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Hot Climate ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Southwest Of Iran ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Abstract Background: Recent studies show that heatwaves pose risks to human health. Iran is exposed to heatwaves, but the evidence for the health impact of heatwaves is scarce. We aimed to evaluate the impact of heatwaves on daily deaths from non-accidental, cardiovascular, and respiratory in the city of Dezful in Iran from 2013 to 2019.Method: We collected daily ambient temperature and mortality and defined two types of heatwaves by combining daily temperature ³90thin each month of the study period or since 30 years with duration ³2 and 3 days. We used a distributed lag non-linear model to investigate the association between each type of heatwave definition and deaths from non-accidental, cardiovascular, and respiratory with lags up to 13 days.Results: Heat waves of both definitions were associated with a higher risk of non-accidental mortality. The association between heat waves and mortality appeared acutely and lasted for 3 and 4 days. The main effect and added effect are more pronounced among male and older adults than their counterparts. We found no evidence of an association of cardiovascular and respiratory deaths with heat waves.Conclusion: Dezful is a city with a hot climate. However, the results showed that heatwaves could have detrimental effects on health, even in populations accustomed to the extreme heat. Therefore, early warning systems which monitor heat waves should provide the necessary warnings to all exposed groups, especially the elderly and the male groups.

scholarly journals The health impact of heat waves in Europe: insights from national plans and key informant interviews

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Vanderplanken ◽  
J van Loenhout ◽  
P van den Hazel
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Health Plans ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Different Types

Abstract In Europe, heat waves and extreme heat are known to cause an increase in morbidity and mortality. Moreover, climate change is expected to increase the number and intensity of heat waves, particularly in urban areas. In order to limit the negative health impact of heat waves, many European countries have developed heat health plans. The SCORCH project has reviewed the national heat plans of 20 European countries. In addition, face-to-face interviews were conducted in 9 countries, involving key stakeholders who partake in the development, implementation and/or diffusion of the plans. Combined, the national plans and interviews provide insights in the different types of warning systems, the scales of implementation, the stakeholders involved and their responsibilities and the vulnerable populations that are targeted. Moreover, we are able to evaluate the processes outlined in the national plans, and identify certain strengths and weaknesses. These results will support the development of heat wave plans for countries that currently do not have such plans yet.

scholarly journals The Discourse of Climate Change and Womens Health: Some Insights on Gender Mainstreaming

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Kuheli Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Nandini Das
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Climate Action

Climate Change has an overwhelming health impact on all, especially on the women, constituting around 49. 58% of the global population. There is ample literary evidence in support of the claim that a changing climate has a differentiated impact on humanity and that it is not “gender neutral”. Climate driven food scarcity, poor air quality, rising temperature and extreme weather events (floods, droughts, heat waves etc. ), acute water shortage, increasing incidence of vector borne diseases make the situation all the more dreadful for women in particular. And this vulnerability gets even more critical because of various biological, political, social and cultural factors that historically contributed against women and their empowerment. Though women are reservoirs of indigenous knowledge about how to deal with the aftermath of climatic changes, yet they remain largely untapped. However the importance of gender based climate action plan was long absent in arena of international climate negotiation. It was only in COP7 (2001) where women’s involvement in climate action had first caught global attention and subsequently nodal international bodies are working on formulating programmes and appropriate policies for promoting gender balance. However, the progress on this has been limited in comparison to the magnitude of impacts of climatic changes on women’s health and hence much more needs to be done on the policy front so as to promote gender equity and women’s participation in various adaptation and mitigation policies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document